Neural Representation of Features in the Human Visual Cortex

人类视觉皮层特征的神经表征

• 批准号: 7679429
• 负责人: FRANK TONG
• 金额: $ 38.38万
• 依托单位: VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-01 至 2012-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7679429
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Adopted; Algorithms; Animals; Architecture; Area; Area Analyses; Attention; Benchmarking; Brain; Classification; Collaborations; Cues; Data; Development; Diagnosis; Dimensions; Disease; Frequencies; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Future; Goals; Human; Imaging Techniques; Impairment; Individual; Injury; Knowledge; Lead; Measures; Medical; Methods; Monkeys; Motion; Motion Perception; Neurons; Pattern; Perception; Performance; Physiological; Primates; Process; Property; Psychophysiology; Recovery of Function; Research; Research Personnel; Resolution; Role; Sample Size; Signal Transduction; Simulate; Source; Spatial Distribution; Speed; Stimulus; Surface Properties; Systems Analysis; Techniques; Testing; Texture; Vision; Visual; Visual Cortex; Visual Perception; Visual attention; Visual system structure; Work; area V1; base; clinically significant; comparative; directed attention; extrastriate visual cortex; insight; interest; luminance; neuroimaging; neuromechanism; neurophysiology; nonhuman primate; novel; optical imaging; orientation selectivity; preference; programs; relating to nervous system; research study; response; simulation; tool; visual information; visual process; visual processing

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The primate visual system analyzes incoming visual information according to a sparse set of fundamental features. Feature-selective neurons provide a detailed analysis of the local features in visual scenes, such as information about stimulus orientation, motion direction, and so forth. The neural representation of visual features has been studied extensively in non-human primates but has proven challenging to study in humans due to the limited spatial resolution of noninvasive neuroimaging methods. My lab has developed novel analysis techniques to measure the feature tuning properties of the human visual system using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Our preliminary studies show that different stimulus orientations and motion directions evoke distinct patterns of ensemble fMRI activity in the human visual cortex that can be reliably classified by statistical algorithms. This project will apply this novel pattern analysis approach to investigate the neural representations of orientation and motion direction in the human cortex and the role of visual attention in feature perception. The proposed studies will evaluate whether activity in early human visual areas corresponds with visual feature perception across changes in the surface properties of the stimulus. Specific Aim 1 will investigate the orientation-selective properties of early visual areas, and determine whether these areas show evidence of cue-invariant orientation selectivity that can effectively generalize across changes in stimulus form. Specific Aim 2 will assess direction selectivity in visual areas V1 through V4 and MT+, and test for cue-invariant direction selectivity and sensitivity to perceived global motion. Specific Aim 3 will explore the role of visual attention in selecting and stabilizing the representations of visual features. The results from this project will provide important new insights into the human neural bases of visual feature perception, and help provide a bridge between animal and human studies. The ability to measure the feature-selective properties of an individual's brain may also have high clinical significance. This approach may lead to effective new tools to investigate, characterize, or diagnose impairments in cortical visual function resulting from disease or injury, or methods to evaluate the cortical effects of medical treatment or recovery of function.

描述（由申请人提供）：灵长类动物视觉系统根据一组稀疏的基本特征分析传入的视觉信息。特征选择性神经元对视觉场景中的局部特征进行了详细的分析，例如有关刺激方向，运动方向等的信息。在非人类灵长类动物中已经广泛研究了视觉特征的神经表示，但由于非侵入性神经影像学方法的空间分辨率有限，因此在人类中进行了挑战。我的实验室开发了新的分析技术，可以使用功能磁共振成像（fMRI）来测量人类视觉系统的特征调整特性。我们的初步研究表明，不同的刺激方向和运动方向引起了人类视觉皮层中集合fMRI活性的不同模式，可以通过统计算法可靠地分类。该项目将采用这种新颖的模式分析方法来研究人皮质中定向和运动方向的神经表示以及视觉注意力在特征感知中的作用。拟议的研究将评估人类早期视觉区域的活动是否与刺激表面特性变化的视觉特征感知相对应。具体目标1将研究早期视觉区域的取向选择性，并确定这些区域是否显示出提示不变方向选择性的证据，这些选择性可以有效地跨越刺激形式的变化。特定的目标2将评估视觉区域V1至V4和MT+的方向选择性，并测试提示不变的方向选择性和对感知全局运动的敏感性。特定的目标3将探讨视觉关注在选择和稳定视觉特征表示形式中的作用。该项目的结果将为视觉特征感知的人类神经基础提供重要的新见解，并有助于在动物和人类研究之间提供桥梁。测量个人大脑特征选择性特性的能力也可能具有很高的临床意义。这种方法可能会导致有效的新工具来调查，表征或诊断疾病或损伤导致的皮质视觉功能损伤，或评估医疗治疗或功能恢复的皮质效应的方法。