Discrimination and Adolescent Substance Use: Understanding Moderating Mechanisms of Sleep and Neighborhood Environment in the ABCD Study

歧视和青少年药物使用：ABCD 研究中睡眠和邻里环境的调节机制

• 批准号: 10297905
• 负责人: Yijie Wang
• 金额: $ 44.26万
• 依托单位: MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-01 至 2026-04-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10297905
• 关键词: 10 year old; Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adopted; Adult; Age; Brain; Buffers; Categories; Child; Childhood; Country; Crime; Data; Data Analyses; Data Collection; Development; Disadvantaged; Discrimination; Environment; Environmental Risk Factor; Ethnic Origin; Exclusion; Foundations; Goals; Hair; Health; Health behavior; Immigration; Individual; Intervention; Life; Link; Longitudinal Studies; Measures; Mental Health; Methodology; Minority Groups; Motion; Neighborhoods; Noise; Outcome; Parents; Patient Self-Report; Physiological; Prejudice; Public Health; Race; Reporting; Research; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Sampling; Science; Sex Orientation; Shapes; Sleep; Sleep disturbances; Structure; Testing; Time; Weight; Work; Youth; actigraphy; adolescent substance use; base; behavioral health; biobehavior; cognitive ability; cognitive development; coping; critical developmental period; deprivation; early adolescence; evidence base; experience; follow-up; health disparity; health inequalities; indexing; innovation; insight; marginalized population; minority health; novel; physical conditioning; programs; prospective; psychosocial; racial and ethnic; sleep health; social; social factors; substance use

PROJECT SUMMARY Discrimination contributes to mental and physical health disparities disproportionately disadvantaging minority populations. Yet, the impact of discrimination on behavioral health outcomes such as substance use (SU) is less clear, particularly in early life (e.g. late childhood and early adolescence). By middle adolescence, SU initiation is set in motion triggering subsequent developmental trajectories. Investigating the onset of SU, starting in late childhood, is critical for mitigating its downstream health consequences. There is even less science focused on multilevel factors that alleviate associations between discrimination and SU. This project addresses these gaps in developmental and health disparities science by investigating adolescents' experiences of multiple forms of discrimination (based on ethnicity/race, country of origin, sexual orientation, weight) and SU (self-report & hair sample metabolites) from late childhood to middle adolescence, and by investigating sleep (parent-report & actigraphy duration & quality) and neighborhood environment (deprivation, crime, noise, structural discrimination from geocodes) as moderators of the health impact of discrimination. Both sleep and neighborhood environment can be targeted by evidence-based programming as levers of change to reduce the impact of discrimination on SU. The project draws from the on-going, national, longitudinal study of Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD), the largest national study of its kind that follows 11,875 children (9-10 years old) through adolescence. The project examines three research aims. First, the study investigates concurrent and longitudinal linkages between discrimination and SU, from late childhood to early adolescence, disentangling whether discrimination is a contributing or a resulting factor of SU initiation and continuation. Second, the study investigates the extent to which the linkages between discrimination and SU are conditioned by young people's sleep. Finally, the study investigates the moderating role of neighborhood environment in linking discrimination, sleep, and SU, from late childhood to middle adolescence. For all research aims, the proposed project also explores how the associations of discrimination, SU, sleep, and neighborhood environment change from late childhood to adolescence, by testing multiple development-related differences (i.e., by data collection wave, developmental stage, age, grade level). Findings will elucidate critical developmental periods when interventions are most effective in helping young people from marginalized populations (ethnicity/race, immigration status, sexual orientation, and body shape) navigate the negative health consequences of prejudice and exclusion. Essentially, this project will provide critical insights for youth SU programs including who is most at risk, what to target, and when to intervene.

项目概要 歧视导致心理和身体健康差异，对少数群体造成不成比例的不利影响 人口。然而，歧视对物质使用（SU）等行为健康结果的影响是 不太清楚，特别是在生命早期（例如童年晚期和青春期早期）。到了青春期中期，苏 启动被启动，触发随后的发展轨迹。调查 SU 的发生， 从儿童晚期开始，对于减轻其下游健康后果至关重要。还有更少 科学关注减轻歧视与 SU 之间联系的多层次因素。这个项目 通过调查青少年的发展和健康差异科学来解决这些差距 遭受多种形式歧视的经历（基于民族/种族、原籍国、性取向、 体重）和 SU（自我报告和头发样本代谢物）从儿童晚期到青春期中期，并通过 调查睡眠（家长报告和体动记录持续时间和质量）和邻里环境（剥夺、 犯罪、噪音、地理编码的结构性歧视）作为歧视对健康影响的调节因素。 睡眠和邻里环境都可以通过基于证据的规划作为目标 改变以减少歧视对 SU 的影响。该项目借鉴了正在进行的国家 青少年大脑认知发展（ABCD）的纵向研究，同类中规模最大的国家研究 该项目追踪 11,875 名儿童（9-10 岁）的整个青春期。该项目研究了三个研究目标。 首先，该研究调查了歧视与 SU 之间的并行和纵向联系，从晚期开始 童年到青春期早期，分清歧视是造成这种现象的一个促成因素还是一个结果因素 SU 的启动和延续。其次，本研究调查了两者之间的联系程度。 歧视和SU是由年轻人的睡眠决定的。最后，该研究调查了调节 从童年晚期到中期，邻里环境在歧视、睡眠和 SU 之间的联系中的作用 青春期。对于所有研究目标，拟议的项目还探讨了歧视的关联， 通过测试多项，从童年晚期到青春期，SU、睡眠和邻里环境发生了变化 与发育相关的差异（即按数据收集波次、发育阶段、年龄、年级水平）。 研究结果将阐明干预措施对帮助年轻人最有效的关键发育时期 来自边缘化群体的人（民族/种族、移民身份、性取向和体型） 应对偏见和排斥对健康造成的负面影响。本质上，该项目将提供 对青年 SU 计划的重要见解，包括谁面临最大的风险、目标是什么以及何时进行干预。