Understanding the Effects of Acute Stressors and Negative Emotion on Eating Behavior in Binge-Eating Disorder: The Role of Stressor-Induced Changes in Reward and Cognitive Control

了解急性压力源和负面情绪对暴食症饮食行为的影响：压力源引起的奖励和认知控制变化的作用

• 批准号: 10223284
• 负责人: Kristin N. Javaras
• 金额: $ 19.42万
• 依托单位: MCLEAN HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-09-01 至 2023-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10223284
• 关键词: Acute; Address; Adult; Affect; American; Area; Behavior; Behavioral; Binge Eating; Binge eating disorder; Brain; Brain imaging; Brain region; Bulimia; Choices and Control; Clinical; Clinical Investigator; Consumption; Data; Diabetes Mellitus; Disease; Distress; Eating; Eating Behavior; Eating Disorders; Emotions; Environment; Fatty acid glycerol esters; Food; Food Preferences; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; General Population; Goals; Health; Hospitals; Image; Impairment; Individual; Intake; Intervention; Knowledge; Laboratories; Link; Literature; Measures; Mentored Patient-Oriented Research Career Development Award; Mentors; Morbidity - disease rate; Neurobiology; Neurosciences; Outcome; Palate; Participant; Patient Self-Report; Play; Prediction of Response to Therapy; Psychotherapy; Public Health; Recording of previous events; Recurrence; Relapse; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Research Training; Rewards; Role; Stress; Teaching Hospitals; Testing; Time; Training; Veins; base; biobehavior; blood oxygen level dependent; career; career development; cognitive control; comparison group; design; efficacious intervention; efficacious treatment; emotion regulation; experience; high risk; improved; insight; medical schools; men; negative affect; neurobiological mechanism; neuroimaging; novel; patient oriented research; personalized intervention; preference; programs; psychosocial; purge; recruit; response; responsible research conduct; reward processing; social stressor; stressor; sugar; symposium; treatment effect; treatment responders; treatment response; young woman

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Binge-eating disorder (BED) is characterized by recurrent episodes of binge eating (uncontrolled consumption of large amounts of food in a short time period). BED is the most prevalent eating disorder in the U.S. and globally, and it is associated with significant psychosocial impairment, and psychiatric and physical morbidity. However, even with the most efficacious treatments, a substantial proportion of those with BED do not experience good outcomes. Elucidating the biobehavioral mechanisms of binge eating is critical to gaining better understanding of treatments’ effects and why they vary. In this vein, converging evidence suggests that negative affect plays a significant role in binge eating in BED, but the link between negative affect and binge eating behavior, including its neurobiological mechanisms, is not well understood. In contrast, a growing body of literature suggests that stressors tend to increase preference for highly palatable food in the general population, and that this phenomenon may involve mechanisms of increased food reward and decreased cognitive control. Thus, the goal of the K23 research project is to examine whether stressors have greater effects on (palatable) food choice and related blood oxygenation level dependent activity in young women with BED, and whether these stressor-related effects relate to real-world binge eating behavior. Dovetailing with the research aims, the K23 will provide training and mentored research experience in the following areas critical to achieving the candidate’s long-term career goal of becoming an independent clinical investigator focused on understanding the mechanisms underlying binge eating, with the ultimate goal of developing more tailored and efficacious interventions: (1) neuroscience and neuroimaging; (2) the study of stressors and their effects; (3) assessment of real-world stressors, affect, and eating; (4) responsible conduct of research; and (5) general career development. To achieve these training goals, the candidate will attend relevant classes, seminars, and scientific conferences and receive mentoring and training from an expert team including Dr. Diego Pizzagalli (Primary Mentor), Drs. James Hudson and Shelly Greenfield (Co-Mentors), and Drs. Lisa Nickerson, Joanna Steinglass, Marian Tanofsky-Kraff, & Stephen Wonderlich (Advisors). The research and training will occur at McLean Hospital, a psychiatric teaching hospital with a state-of-the-art imaging center and eating disorder research program. McLean, an affiliate of Harvard Medical School, provides an ideal environment due to its clear institutional commitment to research and academic/professional training and its unique opportunities for diverse clinical and basic researchers to collaborate to better understand the brain in illness and health. In addition to providing the candidate essential training in designing and implementing patient-oriented research with sophisticated behavioral and neurobiological measures, the K23 award will provide novel data on the role of stressors and negative affect in BED. This line of research can yield critical information relevant to developing more efficacious interventions for BED, a compelling target for improving public health.

项目概要/摘要 暴食症 (BED) 的特点是反复发作的暴食（不受控制的消费） BED 是美国最普遍的饮食失调症 在全球范围内，它与严重的社会心理障碍以及精神和身体发病率有关。 然而，即使采用最有效的治疗方法，仍有相当大比例的暴食症患者没有得到有效治疗。 阐明暴食的生物行为机制对于获得良好的结果至关重要。 更好地了解治疗效果及其差异的原因在这方面，一致的证据表明： 负面情绪在暴饮暴食中起着重要作用，但负面情绪与暴食之间的联系 相比之下，人们对饮食行为，包括其神经生物学机制的了解还不够深入。 大量文献表明，一般而言，压力源往往会增加对美味食物的偏好 人口，这种现象可能涉及增加食物奖励和减少食物奖励的机制 因此，K23研究项目的目标是检查压力源是否具有更大的认知控制力。 对患有以下疾病的年轻女性（可口）食物选择和相关血氧水平依赖性活动的影响 BED，以及这些与压力相关的影响是否与现实世界的暴饮暴食行为有关。 K23 将在以下关键领域提供培训和指导研究经验 实现候选人的长期职业目标，成为一名独立的临床研究者，专注于 了解暴饮暴食背后的机制，最终目标是开发更有针对性的和 有效的干预措施：（1）神经科学和神经影像学；（2）压力源及其影响的研究； 对现实世界的压力源、情感和饮食的评估；(4) 负责任的研究行为；以及 (5) 一般情况 为了实现这些培训目标，候选人将参加相关课程、研讨会和 科学会议并接受包括 Diego Pizzagalli 博士在内的专家团队的指导和培训 （主要导师）、詹姆斯·哈德森博士和雪莉·格林菲尔德博士（共同导师）以及丽莎·尼克森、乔安娜博士。 Steinglass、Marian Tanofsky-Kraff 和 Stephen Wonderlich（顾问）将在以下地点进行研究和培训。 麦克莱恩医院是一家精神病学教学医院，拥有最先进的影像中心和饮食失调中心 哈佛医学院的附属机构麦克莱恩因其其研究项目而提供了理想的环境。 对研究和学术/专业培训的明确机构承诺及其独特的机会 不同的临床和基础研究人员合作，更好地了解疾病和健康状态下的大脑。 除了为候选人提供设计和实施以患者为中心的研究方面的基本培训之外 通过复杂的行为和神经生物学测量，K23 奖将提供有关该角色的新颖数据 这一系列研究可以产生与 BED 相关的关键信息。 为暴食症制定更有效的干预措施，这是改善公共卫生的一个令人信服的目标。