Nano-Scale Tools for Use in Cell Biology

用于细胞生物学的纳米级工具

基本信息

批准号：
7629029
负责人：
GEORGE M WHITESIDES
金额：
$ 41.27万
依托单位：
HARVARD UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2007
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2007-08-01 至 2012-04-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7629029
关键词：
Apoptosis Applications Grants Area Belief Biochemical Biochemistry Biocompatible Biological Biology Biosensor Boston Cell Shape Cell Size Cells Cellular Structures Cellular biology Characteristics Chemicals Chemistry Clinical Medicine Cues Detection Development Devices Diagnostic Dimensions Event Exhibits Future Gene Expression Individual Laboratories Lead Length Life Magnetism Mammalian Cell Measures Mechanics Medical Medical Device Methods Microfluidics Molecular Nanotechnology Optics Organelles Pathology Pediatric Hospitals Physics Positioning Attribute Process Reading Research Resolution Sensory Signal Transduction Structure Surface System Technology Therapeutic Tissues Transduction Gene User-Computer Interface Work base biochip cell behavior cell growth cell motility directional cell disease diagnosis drug discovery information processing insight lithography macromolecule medical schools millimeter millisecond molecular shape monolayer nanoparticle nanoscale nanoscience nanosystems nanotool novel particle pathogen physical science prototype quantum response retinal rods study characteristics tool

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The proposed work will develop nanoscale tools for characterizing the mammalian cell; it will ultimately lead to new tools for drug discovery, diagnosis of disease, and studying fundamental cell biology. Its justification is that study of biological entities fundamentally involves the study of nanoscale components of the cell: subcellular organelles, pathogens, macromolecules. Nanoscale tools are required to examine and analyze these components at the subcellular scale. The research will create nanometer-scale components (rods, particles, and surfaces) using "biology-friendly" nanotechnology (soft lithography and self-assembled monolayers), and use them to examine mammalian cells. It will use nanoscience-based approaches to:1) create 2D and 3D microenvironments with controlled shapes, molecular composition, and mechanical characteristics for studies of cells; 2) create electrically, optically, and mechanically functional nanosystems that permit selective stimulation of cells, and allow read-out of cellular electrical, chemical and mechanical responses with subcellular resolution; 3) leverage systems that exhibit quantum phenomena unique to nanosystems (e.g., superparamagnetism, superluminosity) to generate new physics and chemistry relevant to biology, and use this understanding of physical science to afford fundamentally new classes of information about cell structure and function; 4) develop methods to multiplex nanoscale technologies to measure functions and characteristics of single cells in parallel, with high statistical reliability; 5) demonstrate the relevance and application of these tools using important biological problems. The work will combine to generate a "nanotool cellular workbench"; it has four specific aims: 1) To create novel multifunctional nanometer-scale structures, particles, components, and surfaces, and analytical systems that use these entities, 2) To use this "work bench" of nanotools to understand how individual cells sense mechanical cues and integrate them with chemical and electrical signals in 2D and 3D microenvironments, 3) To create nanoscale control interfaces that rapidly actuate changes in cellular signal transduction and read-out biochemical responses, and 4) To combine these nanotechnologies with microfluidic systems to create prototypes for integrated cellular biochip-based medical devices.

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议的工作将开发用于表征哺乳动物细胞的纳米级工具；它最终将为药物发现，诊断疾病和研究基本细胞生物学提供新的工具。它的理由是对生物实体的研究从根本上涉及细胞的纳米级成分：亚细胞细胞器，病原体，大分子。需要纳米级工具来检查和分析这些组件以亚细胞量表进行检查。该研究将使用“生物学友好”纳米技术（软光刻和自组装单层）来创建纳米尺度的成分（杆，颗粒和表面），并使用它们来检查哺乳动物细胞。它将使用基于纳米科学的方法来：1）创建具有控制形状，分子组成和机械特征的2D和3D微环境的细胞研究； 2）创建允许选择性刺激细胞的电气，光学和机械功能性纳米系统，并允许通过亚细胞分辨率读取细胞电气，化学和机械响应； 3）杠杆系统表现出与纳米系统所特有的量子现象（例如，超级磁性，超浮力）来产生与生物学相关的新物理和化学，并利用对物理科学的理解来提供有关细胞结构和功能的基本新类别的信息； 4）开发用于多重纳米级技术的方法，以平行地测量单个细胞的功能和特征，具有较高的统计可靠性； 5）使用重要的生物学问题证明这些工具的相关性和应用。这项工作将结合起来，以产生“纳米尔细胞工作台”；它具有四个特定的目的：1）创建新型的多功能纳米尺度结构，颗粒，组件和表面以及使用这些实体的分析系统，2）使用纳米工具的此“工作台”，以了解单个单元格如何理解机械的机械性。提示并将它们与2D和3D微环境中的化学和电信号整合在一起，3）创建纳米级控制接口，以快速促进细胞信号转导和读出生化反应的变化，以及4）将这些纳米技术结合在一起用于基于生物芯片的综合医疗设备。