CRCNS: Input/Output Characterization of the Antennal Lobe of the Drosophila

CRCNS：果蝇触角的输入/输出特征

• 批准号: 7630436
• 负责人: Aurel A Lazar
• 金额: $ 21.85万
• 依托单位: COLUMBIA UNIV NEW YORK MORNINGSIDE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-07-01 至 2011-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7630436
• 关键词: Afferent Neurons; Characteristics; Code; Computer Simulation; Drosophila genus; Exhibits; Feedback; Genetic; Goals; Image; Individual; Language; Lobe; Measures; Methods; Modeling; Neurons; Odors; Output; Rest; System; Time; computerized data processing; design; fly; genetic manipulation; in vivo; neuromechanism; receptor; research study; sensory system; tool

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The I/O characterization of the Drosophila antennal lobe described in this proposal is made possible by 2 key enabling tools (i) the genetic identification of the projection neurons and the glomeruli they innervate and, (ii) multi-input/multi-output (MIMO) modeling of odor signal processing in the antennal lobe. Both tools have recently been advanced by the authors. The antennal lobe and its function are described in the MIMO model by a transfer function matrix. Our goal is to identify the transfer matrix and construct in silico a circuit diagram with the same matrix that is capable of predicting the spatio-temporal I/O dynamics of the antennal lobe. The MIMO model serves as a common language between theorists and experimentalists, and provides a framework within which to devise relevant questions and design experiments to answer those questions. For example, are there equivalent I/O characterizations of the antennal lobe that exhibit a lower complexity? We shall investigate such characterizations by (i) analyzing the representation of odor information by an arbitrary subset of olfactory sensory neurons expressing the same receptor, and (ii) studying spatial filtering methods among these neurons as a model of odor signal processing. Through genetic manipulation of the fly olfactory system, odor receptors will be expressed in olfactory sensory neurons connected to designated glomeruli. By silencing most of the remaining OSNs, these glomeruli will be effectively isolated from the rest of the antennal lobe. This will provide us with an ' in-vivo experimental platform' for investigating the I/O characteristics of the fly antennal lobe. The platform will enable us for the first time to functionally characterize all individual projection neurons innervating the same glomerulus. We shall investigate whether they are biophysically equivalent and whether they carry equivalent odor information. We will also characterize their image as a function of the number of active OSNs. We will extract the transfer matrix of a single glomerulus and of a network of 2 glomeruli isolated from the rest of the antennal lobe. We plan to quantitatively characterize the inhibition and feedback induced by the local/projection neurons on the transfer function within the same glomerulus. We also plan to measure what effect inhibition and feedback have on other glomeruli. Elucidation of odor signal processing in the antennal lobe could reveal methods of treatment of olfactory deficits. It could also reveal fundamental mechanisms of neural coding in other sensory systems.

描述（由申请人提供）：通过2个关键启用工具（i）投射神经元的遗传识别和肾小球的遗传识别，并且（II）多输入/多输入/多输入（MIMO）模型（MIMO）模型在Antennal Nalnal Nalnal Nalnal Nalnal Nalnal Nalnal Nalnalnal Nalnalnal Nalnalnal Nalnalnalnnal，这使果蝇触角的I/O表征成为可能。作者最近已经提出了这两种工具。触角叶及其功能在MIMO模型中通过传输函数矩阵描述。我们的目标是识别传输矩阵并在硅中构造的电路图，其电路图具有相同的矩阵，该矩阵能够预测触角叶的时空I/O动力学。 MIMO模型是理论家和实验者之间的通用语言，并提供了一个框架，以在其中设计相关的问题和设计实验来回答这些问题。例如，是否存在表现出较低复杂性的触角叶的同等表征？我们将通过（i）通过表达相同受体的嗅觉感觉神经元的任意子集分析气味信息的表示，以及（ii）研究这些神经元中的空间滤波方法作为气味信号处理模型。通过对苍蝇嗅觉系统的遗传操纵，气味受体将以与指定肾小球相关的嗅觉感觉神经元表示。通过使大多数剩余的OSN沉默，这些肾小球将有效地从触角叶的其余部分中分离出来。这将为我们提供一个“体内实验平台”，用于研究苍蝇触角叶的I/O特征。该平台将首次使我们能够在功能上表征所有支配相同肾小球的单个投影神经元。我们将研究它们是否具有生物物理等效物，以及它们是否带有等效的气味信息。我们还将将它们的图像描述为活动OSN数量的函数。我们将提取单个肾小球的转移矩阵和从触角叶的其余部分分离的2个肾小球网络的转移矩阵。我们计划定量地表征由局部/投影神经元在同一肾小球内传递函数引起的抑制和反馈。我们还计划衡量抑制作用和反馈对其他肾小球的影响。触角叶中气味信号处理的阐明可以揭示嗅觉缺陷的治疗方法。它还可以揭示其他感觉系统中神经编码的基本机制。