A cross-national perspective on social integration and cognitive aging for Mexican-origin adults in the U.S. and Mexico: Quantifying the effects of both local and cross-border social integration

美国和墨西哥墨西哥裔成年人社会融合和认知老龄化的跨国视角：量化本地和跨境社会融合的影响

• 批准号: 9921278
• 负责人: Jacqueline Marie Torres
• 金额: $ 13.04万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-07-15 至 2022-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9921278
• 关键词: Adult; Adverse effects; Aging; Alzheimer' s disease related dementia; Alzheimer' s disease risk; Area; Buffers; Cognitive; Cognitive aging; Community Networks; Data; Data Set; Data Sources; Dementia; Disease; Elderly; Emotional; Epidemiology; Family; Family member; Gender; Geography; Goals; Health; Impaired cognition; Individual; K-Series Research Career Programs; Latin America; Latino; Life; Link; Longitudinal Studies; Measures; Mediating; Mediation; Mental Depression; Mentors; Methodology; Methods; Mexican; Mexico; Modernization; Outcome; Population; Psychometrics; Research; Research Training; Risk; Risk Factors; Social Environment; Social Network; Societal Factors; Socioeconomic Status; Source; Testing; Training; Ursidae Family; Variant; Woman; aging population; analytical tool; career; cognitive function; data harmonization; dementia risk; experience; geriatric depression; migration; mortality; novel; resilience; social; social factors; social integration; socioeconomic disadvantage; tool

1 PROJECT ABSTRACT 23 disease and related dementias (ADRDs). Nevertheless, almost nothing is known about the impact of social 4 integration on the risk of ADRDs for older Mexican-origin adults. Latinos, including Mexican-origin individuals, Greater integration within family and community networks has been linked to lower risk of Alzheimer's 5 will account for nearly 20% of the older adult population by 2050. There is consequently a critical need to 6 understand the impact of social factors on ADRDs risk for this increasingly important segment of the U.S. older 7 adult population. This research should take into account the specific context of social networks for Mexican- 8 origin older adults. In particular, many Mexican-origin older adults in both the U.S. and Mexico may have 9 geographically dispersed family networks as the result of U.S. migration. Family members living across borders 10 may continue to serve as sources of emotional support. On the other hand, dispersed family networks may 11 entail diminished emotional supports for older adults. Surprisingly little is known about how social integration 12 within local or cross-border family networks impacts cognitive outcomes. The research component of this 13 mentored career development award will apply novel epidemiologic tools to quantify the impact of local and 14 cross-border social integration on cognitive outcomes for older Mexican-origin adults in the U.S. and Mexico 15 and identify the degree to which these effects may be explained by or modified by late-life depression. The 16 proposed research will also examine the potential for both local and cross-border social integration to buffer 17 the adverse impact of early-life socio-economic disadvantage (ELSED) on cognitive outcomes for Mexican- 18 origin older adults. This mentored career development award proposes three areas of training that will allow 19 the candidate to develop an independent research career focused on the epidemiology of cognitive aging in 20 cross-national contexts: 1) cognitive aging subject matter, 2) causal inference and causal mediation methods, 21 and 3) cross-national data harmonization. The specific aims will be achieved using data from two longitudinal 22 studies of older Mexican-origin adults in the U.S. and Mexico – the Sacramento Area Latino Study on Aging 23 and the Mexican Health and Aging Study – that are unique in their inclusion of both local and cross-border 24 social integration measures. These studies will be used individually and as part of a harmonized cross-national 25 dataset to carry out the following aims: 1. Quantify the effects of local and cross-border social integration on 26 cognitive function and cognitive impairment. 2. Estimate the degree to which the effects of local and cross- 27 border social integration on cognitive function are a) explained by and b) modified by depression. 3. Test the 28 capacity for local and cross-border social integration to modify the impact of ELSED on cognitive function. The 29 expected outcome is a rigorous cross-national study of the longitudinal impact of social integration on cognitive 30 outcomes for Mexican-origin older adults. Aim 3 will also serve as a methodological test case for research on 31 modifiable factors that might buffer the adverse impact of ELSED on cognitive aging.

1 项目摘要 23 疾病及相关痴呆症 (ADRD) 然而，人们对社会的影响几乎一无所知。 4 整合墨西哥裔老年人（包括墨西哥裔个人）的 ADRD 风险。 家庭和社区网络的更大程度的融合与降低阿尔茨海默病的风险有关 到 2050 年，5 岁以上老年人口将占老年人口的近 20%。因此迫切需要 6 了解社会因素对美国老年人这一日益重要的群体的 ADRD 风险的影响 7 成年人口。这项研究应考虑墨西哥社交网络的具体背景。 8 原籍老年人 尤其是美国和墨西哥的许多墨西哥裔老年人可能有这种情况。 9 由于美国移民而导致家庭成员跨境居住，从而导致地理上分散的家庭网络。 10 可能继续作为情感支持的来源，另一方面，分散的家庭网络可能会。 11 导致老年人的情感支持减少，令人惊讶的是，人们对社会融合的方式知之甚少。 12 本地或跨境家庭网络影响认知结果。 13 指导职业发展奖将应用新颖的流行病学工具来量化当地和 14 跨境社会融合对美国和墨西哥墨西哥裔老年人认知结果的影响 15 并确定这些影响在多大程度上可以由晚年抑郁症解释或改变。 16 拟议的研究还将探讨本地和跨境社会融合缓冲的潜力 17 早期社会经济劣势 (ELSED) 对墨西哥人认知结果的不利影响 该指导性职业发展奖提出了 18 名原籍老年人的三个培训领域。 19 候选人将开展独立研究事业，重点关注认知衰老的流行病学 20 个跨国背景：1) 认知衰老主题，2) 因果推理和因果调解方法， 21 和 3) 跨国数据协调将利用两个纵向数据来实现。 对美国和墨西哥的墨西哥裔老年人进行的 22 项研究——萨克拉门托地区拉丁裔老龄化研究 23 和墨西哥健康与老龄化研究 – 其独特之处在于纳入了本地和跨境研究 24 项社会融合措施将单独使用，并作为统一的跨国研究的一部分。 25 个数据集，旨在实现以下目标： 1. 量化本地和跨境社会融合对 26 认知功能和认知障碍 2. 估计局部和交叉的影响程度。 27 边界社会整合对认知功能的影响是 a) 由抑郁症解释和 b) 由抑郁症改变 3. 测试。 28 本地和跨境社会融合的能力，以改变 ELSED 对认知功能的影响。 29 预期结果是一项严格的跨国研究，研究社会融合对认知的纵向影响 目标 3 的 30 个墨西哥裔老年人的结果也将作为研究的方法测试案例。 31 个可修改的因素可能会缓冲 ELSED 对认知老化的不利影响。