Mindfulness for Alcohol Abusing Offenders: Mechanisms and Outcomes

酗酒者的正念：机制和结果

• 批准号: 9915815
• 负责人: KENT A KIEHL
• 金额: $ 74.33万
• 依托单位: THE MIND RESEARCH NETWORK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-07-01 至 2023-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9915815
• 关键词: Abstinence; Address; Affective; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Alcohol dependence; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Alcohols; Anterior; Behavior Control; Behavioral; Brain; Brain imaging; Clinical; Cognitive; Cognitive Therapy; Collection; Communities; Consultations; Control Groups; Data; Development; Evaluation; Exhibits; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Forensic Medicine; Funding; Goals; Imprisonment; Impulsivity; Individual; Intervention; Investigation; Knowledge; Laboratories; Link; Longitudinal Studies; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Measures; Meditation; Methodology; Mind; Mindfulness Training; Monitor; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; Neuropsychology; New Mexico; Outcome; Outcome Measure; Participant; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Population; Prevention program; Prisoner; Prisons; Randomized; Randomized Clinical Trials; Records; Relapse; Reporting; Research; Resolution; Sampling; Severities; Site; Social Interaction; Societies; Structure; Substance Use Disorder; Substance abuse problem; System; Techniques; Testing; Time; Training; Translating; Treatment Efficacy; United States National Institutes of Health; Wisconsin; Work; alcohol abuse therapy; alcohol craving; alcohol use disorder; antisocial behavior; base; behavior measurement; cost; craving; criminal behavior; design; disorder later incidence prevention; effective intervention; effective therapy; executive function; experience; functional improvement; high risk population; improved; interest; mindfulness; mindfulness intervention; neurobiological mechanism; neuroimaging; offender; parole; probation; programs; promoter; psychologic; racial and ethnic; recidivism; recruit; reduced alcohol use; relating to nervous system; research study; response; skills; substance abuse treatment; success; therapy development; therapy resistant; treatment as usual; treatment risk

PROJECT SUMMARY The pernicious link between substance abuse and criminal behavior imposes major costs to society, totaling billions of dollars in the U.S. annually. There is a critical need for more effective interventions to counteract the high rates of relapse and recidivism in alcohol and substance abusing criminal offenders. Periods of offender incarceration provide a unique opportunity to develop and deploy such interventions. Progress in intervention development could be achieved by targeting specific cognitive and affective vulnerabilities that are common among substance abusing criminal offenders. Preliminary studies suggest that meditative or mindfulness interventions may confer significant psychological and behavioral benefits to inmates. However, the mechanisms and extent of intervention efficacy are unclear, as these previous studies have been beset by a number of methodological limitations. Moreover, to date no study has examined the neurobiological mechanisms that relate to treatment success in this population. NIAAA has recently made a program call to address these issues (PA-15-299). Here we answer this program call and propose to undertake a rigorous and comprehensive longitudinal study of mindfulness treatment of alcohol and substance use disorders among female inmates. This project will randomly assign over 400 female inmates to a mindfulness or relapse prevention training course, and both will be compared against a no treatment control. The mindfulness intervention will be tailored to address two key neuropsychological deficits in alcohol abusing criminal offenders: impulsivity and craving. We will test hypotheses about the neural changes over time with treatment to elucidate mechanisms of change. We will obtain estimates of “real-world” efficacy of the intervention by collecting outcome measures in prison (conduct reports) and following release (alcohol use relapse and antisocial behavior). This project takes advantage of a unique, longstanding partnership between the research team and the states of New Mexico and Wisconsin Correction Departments that allows collection of comprehensive assessment data from inmates during incarceration, including brain imaging data with a mobile MRI scanner, as well as access to post-release outcomes and relapse data. Completion of these aims is a critical step for implementing and evaluating a promising mindfulness intervention for this high-risk population. The proposed research will also begin to elucidate the psychological and neurobiological mechanisms of the treatment. These results will thus significantly advance a program of research seeking to translate the growing knowledge of neuropsychological deficits into more targeted and effective treatments for alcohol and substance abuse problems in criminal offenders.

项目概要 药物滥用与犯罪行为之间的恶性联系给社会带来了重大损失，总计 美国每年损失数十亿美元，迫切需要采取更有效的干预措施来应对这一问题。 酗酒和滥用药物的罪犯复发和累犯的比率很高。 监禁为制定和部署此类干预措施提供了独特的机会。 可以通过针对常见的特定认知和情感弱点来实现发展 初步研究表明，在滥用药物的刑​​事犯罪者中，冥想或正念。 干预措施可能会给囚犯带来显着的心理和行为益处。 干预效果的机制和程度尚不清楚，因为这些先前的研究受到了 此外，迄今为止还没有研究检查神经生物学。 NIAAA 最近发起了一项计划，要求制定与该人群治疗成功相关的机制。 在此，我们响应该计划号召，并建议采取严格的措施来解决这些问题（PA-15-299）。 正念治疗和酒精物质使用障碍的综合纵向研究 该项目将随机分配 400 多名女性囚犯进行正念或旧病复发。 预防培训课程，并将两者与未治疗对照进行比较。 干预措施将针对酗酒罪犯的两个关键神经心理缺陷进行定制 罪犯：冲动和渴望我们将测试有关治疗过程中神经变化的假设。 为了阐明变化机制，我们将通过以下方式获得对干预措施“现实世界”功效的估计。 收集监狱中（行为报告）和释放后（酒精使用复发和 该项目利用了研究之间独特的、长期的合作关系。 团队以及新墨西哥州和威斯康星州惩教部门，允许收集 囚犯在监禁期间的综合评估数据，包括手机的脑成像数据 MRI 扫描仪以及获得释放后结果和复发数据是完成这些目标的一个条件。 这是对这一高危人群实施和评估有前途的正念干预措施的关键一步。 拟议的研究还将开始阐明心理和神经生物学机制 因此，这些结果将极大地推进一项旨在转化不断增长的研究计划。 对神经心理学缺陷的了解有助于对酒精和酒精进行更有针对性和有效的治疗 刑事罪犯的药物滥用问题。