BLRD Research Career Scientist Award Application

BLRD 研究职业科学家奖申请

• 批准号: 9911978
• 负责人: CHARLES E. CHALFANT
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: JAMES A. HALEY VA MEDICAL CENTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-04-01 至 2026-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9911978
• 关键词: Address; Affinity; Aging; American; Anabolism; Anoikis; Appointment; Area; Arts; Asbestos; Award; Basic Science; Binding; Binding Sites; Biochemistry; Biology; Biomedical Research; Cancer Etiology; Cancer Patient; Carcinogens; Caring; Cause of Death; Cell Survival; Cellular biology; Cessation of life; Clinical; Collaborations; Communication; Communities; Department chair; Developed Countries; Development; Disease; Eicosanoid Production; Eicosanoids; Elements; Event; Exposure to; Faculty; Fibrinogen; Florida; Funding; Glycerol; Goals; Grant; Head; Healthcare; Healthcare Systems; Heart Arrest; Heterogeneous-Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein L; Human; Individual; Inflammatory; Inflammatory Response; Inorganic Phosphate Transporter; Institution; Ionizing radiation; Journals; Laboratories; Laboratory Study; Link; Lipids; Lung; Maintenance; Malignant Neoplasms; Malignant neoplasm of lung; Manuscripts; Mediating; Mentors; Microbiology; Military Personnel; Mission; Molecular; Molecular Biology; N-terminal; Natural Sciences; Nature; Non-Small-Cell Lung Carcinoma; Oncology; Outcome; Patient Care; Patient-Focused Outcomes; Peer Review; Peripheral; Phospholipase; Phosphorylation Site; Population; Productivity; Proteins; Publications; Publishing; RNA; RNA Recognition Motif; RNA Sequences; RNA Splicing; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Role; Science; Scientist; Sepsis; Series; Services; Signal Transduction; Smoke; Smoker; Societies; Sphingolipids; Structure; Study Section; Survival Rate; System; Therapeutic; Tobacco Dependence; Training; Traumatic injury; United States Department of Veterans Affairs; United States National Institutes of Health; Universities; Veterans; Veterans Hospitals; Woman; Wood material; Work; acute wound; agent orange; anticancer research; cancer cell; cancer diagnosis; career; cellular targeting; ceramide 1-phosphate; ceramide kinase; chronic wound; clinical translation; college; editorial; health administration; high risk; human disease; innovation; lung development; malignant breast neoplasm; member; men; molecular targeted therapies; new therapeutic target; novel; novel therapeutics; outcome forecast; phenome; preference; programs; senior faculty; tobacco abuse; transcriptome sequencing; tumor; wound healing

Cancer is the second leading cause of death among veterans, and the Veterans Health Administration estimates that there exist >170,000 cancer patients within in the VA system. Moreover, approximately 50,000 new cases of cancer are diagnosed each year. With the aging of the veteran population, this number is expected to increase causing a concomitant encumbering of healthcare resources. Lung cancer, which is the leading cause of death in both men and women in industrialized countries (an estimated 28% of all cancer deaths in the USA), is also the leading cause of cancer death in the veteran population. Indeed, many veterans continue to acquire tobacco addiction during their military service even though tobacco abuse is currently discouraged by the military. Hence, there exists a very large percentage of high-risk current and former smokers cared for in the VA health care system that would benefit from advances in therapeutic molecular targeting in the treatment of lung cancer. Also, lung cancer is also linked to the well-established lung carcinogens, Agent Orange, Asbestos, and Ionizing Radiation, which exposure to these agents are often are service-connected disorders. To address this issue, the research of the Chalfant Laboratory focuses on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which represents the majority of lung cancers, carries a poor prognosis with a median survival of less than 12 months, and has a cumulative five-year survival rate of approximately 15%. The research of the Chalfant Laboratory is tailored to identify new cellular targets for the development of new treatments for this deadly disease, which are thus, directly relevant to the patient care mission of the Department of Veterans Affairs. Indeed, biomedical research investigating new strategies for the development of lung cancer therapeutics has tremendous potential benefit to veterans, many of whom no longer smoke, yet remain at high risk for NSCLC. The Chalfant Laboratory focuses on two major, but diverse areas of basic science in regard to Cell Biology, Microbiology, and Molecular Biology. Specifically, the Chalfant Laboratory studies mechanisms of cell signaling associated with both bioactive lipids and RNA splicing with a focus on both basic science mechanisms as well as in many cases clinical translation. In regard to RNA splicing research, the Chalfant Laboratory has identified key RNA splicing events and signaling mechanisms mediating the tumor maintenance of NSCLC cells. The applicant is further merging these finding with novel lipid signaling events linked to cell survival. The applicant, Dr. Chalfant, has been very productive with >100 peer-reviewed publications, and he has been a distinguished member of the VA system for 17 years. His research work is supported by several NIH/VA funded projects and currently, he has one VA Merit Review award and three NIH funded projects (2-R01 and 1- U01). He has trained more than 40 trainees at very levels with a number of them currently faculty members at various institutions with funded research programs. The applicant is an unselfish mentor of young investigators allowing them to act as co-corresponding authors on numerous publications for the betterment of their careers. The applicant continues to be a leader in his scientific field as shown by appointments to several Editorial Boards and National Committees, which include: the editorial boards of the Journal of Lipid Research. Molecular Cancer Research, and the Journal of Biological Chemistry, formal membership on the Cancer and Molecular Pathobiology Study Section of the National Institutes of Health, and formal membership on the Oncology A Study Section of the Veterans’ Administration. These areas of research also led to the communication of the 2011 ASBMB Avanti Junior Investigator Award for Lipid Research to Dr. Chalfant. The applicant has also extensively collaborated with numerous investigators in funded program projects and scientific publications. In summary, the applicant’s scientific contributions are vitally important to the VA mission. He has made ground breaking discoveries in the field of NSCLC, RNA Splicing, Lipidomics, and Lipid Signaling and has also provided significant resources to the scientific community and the VA system.

癌症是退伍军人死亡的第二大原因，退伍军人健康管理局 据估计，VA 系统内存在超过 170,000 名癌症患者，此外，还有大约 50,000 名癌症患者。 随着退伍军人人口的老龄化，每年都会诊断出新的癌症病例。 增加导致医疗资源的负担，这是最主要的癌症。 是工业化国家男性和女性死亡的原因（估计占工业化国家所有癌症死亡的 28%） 美国），也是退伍军人癌症死亡的主要原因。事实上，许多退伍军人仍然患有癌症。 尽管目前不鼓励吸烟，但他们在服兵役期间染上烟草瘾 因此，目前和以前的高危吸烟者中有很大一部分是在军队中得到照顾的。 退伍军人管理局医疗保健系统将受益于治疗分子靶向治疗的进步 此外，肺癌还与已知的肺癌致癌物橙剂、石棉、 和电离辐射，接触这些物质通常会导致与服务相关的疾病。 为了解决这个问题，Chalfant实验室的研究重点是非小细胞肺癌 (NSCLC) 代表大多数肺癌，预后较差，中位生存期较低 超过 12 个月，累积五年生存率约为 15%。 实验室专门用于识别新的细胞靶点，以开发针对这种致命疾病的新疗法。 因此，这与退伍军人事务部的患者护理任务直接相关。 事实上，研究肺癌疗法开发新策略的生物医学研究已经 退伍军人有巨大的潜在益处，其中许多人不再吸烟，但仍面临非小细胞肺癌的高风险。 查尔凡特实验室专注于细胞基础科学的两个主要但不同的领域 具体而言，查尔凡特实验室研究细胞机制。 与生物活性脂质和 RNA 剪接相关的信号传导，重点关注这两种基础科学机制 以及在许多情况下的临床转化 在 RNA 剪接研究方面，Chalfant 实验室拥有丰富的经验。 确定了介导 NSCLC 细胞肿瘤维持的关键 RNA 剪接事件和信号机制。 申请人进一步将这些发现与与细胞存活相关的新型脂质信号转导事件相结合。 申请人查尔凡特 (Chalfant) 博士发表了超过 100 篇经过同行评审的出版物，成果丰硕，并且他已 17 年来，他一直是 VA 系统的杰出成员，他的研究工作得到了多个 NIH/VA 的支持。 目前，他拥有 1 项 VA 优异评审奖和 3 项 NIH 资助项目（2-R01 和 1- 他已培训了 40 多名高水平学员，其中一些目前是教职员工。 申请人是年轻研究人员的无私导师。 允许他们作为众多出版物的共同通讯作者，以改善他们的职业生涯。 多个编辑委员会的任命表明，申请人仍然是其科学领域的领导者 和国家委员会，其中包括：《脂质研究杂志》的编辑委员会。 研究和生物化学杂志，癌症和分子杂志的正式会员 美国国立卫生研究院病理生物学研究部，肿瘤学 A 研究正式会员 退伍军人管理局的这些领域的研究也促成了 2011 年的交流。 ASBMB Avanti 脂质研究初级研究员奖授予 Chalfant 博士。 与众多研究人员在资助的计划项目和科学出版物中合作。 总之，申请人的科学贡献对于 VA 的使命至关重要。 在 NSCLC、RNA 剪接、脂质组学和脂质信号传导领域取得了突破性发现 为科学界和 VA 系统提供了大量资源。