Preventing FASD: The Implementation and Impact of State Policies

预防胎儿酒精谱系障碍：国家政策的实施和影响

• 批准号: 7646427
• 负责人: Sue Thomas
• 金额: $ 7.49万
• 依托单位: PACIFIC INSTITUTE FOR RES AND EVALUATION
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-07-01 至 2011-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7646427
• 关键词: Address; Advocate; Affect; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Alcohols; Area; Attention; Birth; California; Child; Child Welfare; Classification; Collection; Communities; Complex; County; Criminal Justice; Data; Data Collection; Elements; Environment; Evaluation Research; Family; Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder; Fetus; Focus Groups; Foundations; Government; Grant; Health; Health Policy; Health Professional; Health Services; Health Services Accessibility; Human Resources; Incentives; Incidence; Interdisciplinary Study; Interview; Knowledge; Law Enforcement; Laws; Legal; Literature; Medical; Methodology; Methods; Newspapers; Outcome; Perception; Persons; Pilot Projects; Policies; Policy Making; Population; Pregnancy; Pregnant Women; Preventive; Process; Protocols documentation; Public Health; Relative (related person); Research; Research Design; Research Institute; Residential Treatment; Science; Services; Social Work; Staging; Statutes and Laws; Structure; Study Section; Substance abuse problem; System; Taxonomy; Telephone; Testing; United States National Institutes of Health; Update; Variant; Woman; alcohol consumption during pregnancy; base; design; drinking; evidence base; experience; improved; informant; innovation; instrument; news; prenatal health; prevent; programs; research study; substance abuser; symposium; tool

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This proposed exploratory study is the first step in a larger research agenda to investigate the impact of two distinct types of state laws regarding alcohol use during pregnancy (public health-oriented or punitive) on pregnant women's decisions to seek substance abuse treatment and prenatal health services. The relevance of this study is that FASD is a critical health issue about which policy choices are being made without evidence based research about the impact of those choices on healthy fetuses, healthy children, substance abuse-free women, and intact, stable families. The study's specific aims include: 1) To set the stage for the first study to assess implementation impact across types of alcohol and pregnancy policy. In this pilot, we will test the adequacy of research design, data collection instruments (especially those designed for use with women to whom the policies are targeted), and the feasibility of rigorous, systematic data collection in one state, California, with a mixed set of alcohol and pregnancy policies. 2) To provide evidence-based guidance of the effects of public health and punitive laws to policymakers who seek to improve birth outcomes in their states. 3) To employ an interdisciplinary research design that relies on multiple methodologies, stages, and standpoints to reflect each element of the policymaking, policy implementation, and service delivery systems. The stages of the proposed eighteen month study are as follows: 1) Update and expand the statutory, regulatory and case law in California. 2) Collect and analyze publicly-available national and county-level data and evaluate their adequacy to assess the need for services, the extent of service provision, and the manner in which the services have been provided. 3) Identify and interview key personnel in California state and county agencies and legislative committees who make policy for and interact with pregnant women substance abusers. 4) Using the key contacts in each of three selected counties, conduct interviews and focus groups with a broad range of affected women.

描述（由申请人提供）：这项拟议的探索性研究是一项更大的研究议程的第一步，该研究议程旨在调查两种不同类型的关于怀孕期间饮酒的州法律（公共健康导向的或惩罚性的）对孕妇寻求酒精饮料的决定的影响。药物滥用治疗和产前保健服务。这项研究的相关性在于，胎儿酒精谱系障碍（FASD）是一个关键的健康问题，关于该问题的政策选择没有基于证据的研究来了解这些选择对健康胎儿、健康儿童、不滥用药物的妇女以及完整、稳定的家庭的影响。该研究的具体目标包括： 1) 为第一项研究奠定基础，以评估各种酒精和怀孕政策的实施影响。在这一试点中，我们将测试研究设计、数据收集工具（特别是那些为政策所针对的女性而设计的工具）的充分性，以及在加利福尼亚州（加利福尼亚州）和混合州进行严格、系统的数据收集的可行性。一套酒精和怀孕政策。 2) 为寻求改善本州出生结果的政策制定者提供有关公共卫生和惩罚性法律影响的循证指导。 3）采用跨学科的研究设计，依靠多种方法、阶段和立场来反映政策制定、政策实施和服务提供系统的各个要素。拟议的十八个月研究的阶段如下： 1) 更新和扩展加州的法规、监管和判例法。 2) 收集和分析公开的国家和县级数据，并评估其充分性，以评估服务需求、服务提供程度以及提供服务的方式。 3) 确定并采访加利福尼亚州和县机构以及立法委员会中为孕妇药物滥用者制定政策并与之互动的关键人员。 4) 利用选定的三个县中每一个县的主要联系人，对广泛的受影响妇女进行访谈和焦点小组讨论。