Maternal Obesity, Milk Composition, and Infant Growth

母亲肥胖、乳汁成分和婴儿生长

基本信息

批准号：
9884371
负责人：
ELLEN W. DEMERATH
金额：
$ 62.48万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2014-07-10 至 2025-02-28
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9884371
关键词：
5 year old Address Age Age-Months Biochemical Birth Blood Glucose Body Composition Body Weight Breast Feeding C-Peptide Carbohydrates Child Child Health Cohort Studies Color Desire for food Diabetes Mellitus Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry EGF gene Energy Metabolism Enrollment Epidemic Epidermal Growth Factor Exclusive Breastfeeding Exhibits Fatty acid glycerol esters Functional disorder Future Gestational Diabetes Glucose Goals Gold Grant Growth Growth Factor Hormones Hour Human Milk Hyperglycemia Immunologic Factors Infant Infant Health Inflammatory Insulin Interleukin-6 Intestinal Neoplasms Knowledge Lactation Lactoferrin Leptin Life Link Measures Metabolic Methods Milk Mothers Nutritional Nutritional status Obesity Oral Outcome Output Overweight Pathway interactions Phenotype Play Postpartum Period Pregnancy Research Resolution Resources Rest Risk Role Sampling Satiation Science Serum Specimen Taste preferences Techniques Test Result Testing Variant Vertical Disease Transmission Weight Woman Work adiponectin cohort cytokine diabetes risk early childhood evidence base feeding ghrelin high risk individual variation infancy infant outcome inter-individual variation intergenerational maternal obesity member metabolic rate metabolomics milk supply mother nutrition non-diabetic novel obesity in children obesity prevention obesity risk offspring oxidation prepregnancy prospective prospective test recruit standard measure sweet taste perception therapy design transmission process

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY Intergenerational obesity and diabetes are at epidemic proportions in the US, with exclusive breastfeeding thought to lessen the risk of obesity and diabetes transmission from mother to child. However, human milk exhibits high individual variability in non-nutritive bioactive compounds and we are now realizing that this variation tracks maternal nutritional status. It is critical to provide a more refined evidence base on the causes and consequences of breast milk variation, especially for infants at high risk of future obesity and diabetes. In our current grant period we are advancing the field of human milk research to show that milk hormone and cytokine concentrations, as well as novel milk metabolomic signatures, significantly vary with maternal body weight and adiposity, and that these milk “bioactives” predict altered early infant growth. The successful first 5 years of the MILk cohort (Mothers and Infants Linked for Healthy Growth), composed of 360 exclusively breastfeeding, non-diabetic mother-infant dyads, is one of very few studies that are equipped to both comprehensively characterize milk variation in a large sample of deeply phenotyped women, and also to examine prospective associations in their children. The primary objectives of the proposed renewal application are: 1) to expand our understanding of the causes and consequences of breast milk variation for women and children from birth to age 5 years. The Specific Aims are 1) To identify human milk bioactives that differ by maternal pregnancy metabolic and weight status; 2) To identify human milk bioactives that are associated with infant and early childhood growth and metabolic outcomes; and 3) To test changes during lactation in the metabolomic profile of human milk in women with and without GDM. These aims will be achieved by leveraging the resources of the existing MILk Study cohort and milk specimens, and by expanding enrollment to additional women with GDM, with a particular emphasis on enrolling and retaining women of color. The study uses state-of-the-science infant body composition methods, evaluating energy expenditure and fuel oxidation in the offspring while employing comprehensive breast-milk sampling techniques and metabolomic analysis. The proposed research is significant because it tackles an understudied, but potentially important pathway explaining the vicious cycle of maternal-child obesity/diabetes transmission prevalent today. The results of the study will help to design interventions to optimize milk composition in, and provide tailored lactation support for, women with obesity and diabetes. The ultimate goal is to support breastfeeding women and their infants during the first 1000 days of the child’s life.

项目概要在纯母乳喂养的美国，代际肥胖和糖尿病已成为流行病人们认为母乳可以降低肥胖和糖尿病从母婴传播的风险。非营养性生物活性化合物表现出很高的个体差异，我们现在意识到，这跟踪母亲营养状况的变化至关重要，提供更精确的证据基础。母乳变异的原因和后果，特别是对于未来肥胖风险高的婴儿和在我们目前的资助期内，我们正在推进母乳研究领域，以证明母乳对糖尿病的影响。激素和细胞因子浓度，以及新的牛奶代谢组学特征，随母亲的体重和肥胖程度，以及这些牛奶“生物活性物质”可以预测婴儿早期生长的改变。 MILk 队列（母亲和婴儿健康成长相关）的前 5 年取得了成功，其中包括 360 例纯母乳喂养、非糖尿病母婴二人组是极少数研究之一能够全面表征大量深度表型样本中的牛奶变异妇女，并检查其子女的潜在关联。拟议的续展申请是：1）扩大我们对原因和后果的理解妇女和儿童从出生到 5 岁的母乳变化具体目标是 1) 确定。母乳生物活性因母亲妊娠代谢和体重状况而异；2) 识别人类与婴儿和幼儿生长和代谢结果相关的牛奶生物活性物质；3) 测试患有和未患有 GDM 的女性在哺乳期间母乳代谢组学的变化。这些目标将通过利用现有 MILk 研究队列和牛奶样本的资源来实现，并通过将入学人数扩大到更多患有 GDM 的女性，特别强调入学和该研究使用最科学的婴儿身体成分方法来评估。采用全面母乳采样时后代的能量消耗和燃料氧化所提出的研究具有重要意义，因为它解决了一个尚未得到充分研究的问题。但解释母婴肥胖/糖尿病传播恶性循环的潜在重要途径今天流行的研究结果将有助于设计干预措施来优化牛奶成分。为患有肥胖症和糖尿病的女性提供量身定制的哺乳支持，最终目标是支持。母乳喂养的妇女及其婴儿在孩子生命的前 1000 天内。