Power Analysis for Cluster Randomized Trials

整群随机试验的功效分析

• 批准号: 7537513
• 负责人: Michael Borenstein
• 金额: $ 16.82万
• 依托单位: BIOSTATISTICAL PROGRAMMING ASSOC, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-06-01 至 2008-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7537513
• 关键词: 20 year old; Accounting; Address; Advertising; Affect; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Am 80; Ambulances; American; Analysis of Variance; Appendix; Area; Caring; Clinic; Clinics and Hospitals; Cluster Analysis; Communities; Complex; Computer software; Condition; Data; Data Analyses; Data Collection; Databases; Dimensions; Drops; Drug usage; Elderly; Enrollment; Equilibrium; Event; Fall prevention; Frequencies; Funding Agency; Gerontology; Goals; Gold; Graph; Health; Heart; Home environment; Hospitals; Illicit Drugs; Individual; Intervention; Journals; Lead; Life; Literature; Medical; Medicine; Minnesota; Modeling; Negative Finding; Numbers; Output; Palliative Care; Patients; Personal Satisfaction; Persons; Play; Policy Research; Poliomyelitis; Prevention; Preventive Medicine; Primary Health Care; Procedures; Process; Provider; PubMed; Public Health; Publishing; Randomized; Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials; Range; Recruitment Activity; Reporting; Research; Research Design; Research Personnel; Resources; Risk; Role; SAS; Sample Size; Sampling; Schools; Series; Services; Side; Social Policies; Social Sciences; Standards of Weights and Measures; Statistically Significant; Stroke; Structure; Students; Substance abuse problem; Sum; Surveys; Survival Analysis; Tail; Techniques; Testing; Time; Vaccines; Work; Workplace; cooking; cost; design; editorial; grasp; improved functioning; mortality; motivational enhancement therapy; programs; simulation; size; smoking cessation; software development; treatment effect; trend; wasting

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Cluster randomized trials are trials in which intact units such as hospitals, clinics, or schools, are randomly assigned to a condition such as Treatment or Control. Cluster randomized trials play a prominent role in medicine, health, and social policy research, accounting for some 11,000 trials in these areas, and the use of these trials has been accelerating in recent years. The statistical procedures required to plan and to analyze a cluster randomized trial are substantially more complex than those used for simple randomized trials. Popular software packages such as SPSS, SAS, and Stata include modules for the analysis of cluster randomized trials, and some 80% of these trials are analyzed using these kinds of modules. By contrast, no commercial software exists to compute power for these trials. Therefore, only about 20% of these trials use the proper techniques to compute power when these studies are being planned. This is a serious problem, since power for the cluster randomized design typically drops by at least 50%, and often by more, as compared with a simple randomized design with the same total sample size. The goal of this project is to develop software to compute power for cluster randomized trials. The program will work with studies that include two, three or four levels in the hierarchy. It will incorporate a sophisticated user interface to address the kinds of real-world issues that must be addressed in a power analysis. On the input side, it will allow users to enter the kinds of data that they are likely to have, and to do so using a clear and intuitive interface. On the output side the program will create tables and graphs that allow the user to quickly assess the impact of all assumptions, and to determine how changes in the design would affect power and costs. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE Cluster randomized trials are trials in which intact units such as hospitals, clinics, or schools, are randomly assigned to a condition such as Treatment or Control. These kinds of trials play a prominent role in medicine, health, and social policy research, with as many as 1,000 such trials being planned each year. The goal of this project is to develop software to perform a power analysis for cluster randomized trials, and enable researchers to design these trials in a manner that yields maximum power for the smallest cost.

描述（由申请人提供）：群集随机试验是试验，其中完整的医院，诊所或学校等完整的部门被随机分配到治疗或对照等疾病。群集随机试验在医学，健康和社会政策研究中起着重要的作用，在这些领域进行了11,000个试验，并且近年来使用这些试验一直在加速。计划和分析群集随机试验所需的统计程序比用于简单随机试验的试验要复杂得多。流行的软件包（例如SPS，SAS和Stata）包括用于分析群集随机试验的模块，并使用此类模块分析了其中80％的试验。相比之下，没有商业软件来计算这些试验的功率。因此，在计划这些研究时，只有约20％的试验使用适当的技术来计算功率。这是一个严重的问题，因为与一个简单的随机设计相比，群集随机设计的功率通常下降至少50％，而且通常会增加更多。该项目的目的是开发软件来计算群集随机试验的功率。该计划将与包括层次结构的两个，三个或四个级别在内的研究合作。它将结合一个复杂的用户界面，以解决功能分析中必须解决的现实世界问题。在输入方面，它将允许用户输入他们可能拥有的数据类型，并使用清晰直观的接口进行操作。在输出方面，程序将创建表和图形，使用户可以快速评估所有假设的影响，并确定设计的变化如何影响功率和成本。公共卫生相关性集群随机试验是试验，其中完整的医院，诊所或学校等单位被随机分配到治疗或控制等疾病。这类试验在医学，健康和社会政策研究中起着重要的作用，每年计划进行多达1000个此类试验。该项目的目的是开发软件，以对群集随机试验进行功率分析，并使研究人员能够以最小成本产生最大功率的方式设计这些试验。