Strengthening a Brief Intervention for Justice-Involved Substance Users by Harnessing Mechanisms of Change

利用变革机制加强对涉及正义的药物使用者的简短干预

基本信息

批准号：
9750050
负责人：
Marc Swogger
金额：
$ 42.68万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2017-09-01 至 2022-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9750050
关键词：
Affective Alcohol or Other Drugs use Attention Communities Country Criminal Justice Drug Rehabilitation Centers Emotional Bonds Empathy Family Frequencies Funding General Population Guidelines Heterogeneity Imprisonment Impulsivity Individual Informal Social Control Intervention Justice Lead Light Link Literature Measures Mediating Mediator of activation protein Methods National Institute of Drug Abuse Outcome Personality Traits Persons Phase Population Process Psychopath Public Health Randomized Randomized Clinical Trials Relapse Research Resources Sampling Science Supervision System Testing Therapeutic Treatment Efficacy United States Violence Work brief intervention brief motivational intervention design effective intervention effective therapy follow-up innovation offender optimism psychopathic personality recidivism reduced substance use standard care trait

项目摘要

Project Summary/Abstract. Substance use among justice-involved individuals constitutes a public health problem that is linked to negative consequences for offenders, their families, and their communities. As criminal justice reform becomes a reality in the United States and more justice-involved substance users join the general population, there is reason for therapeutic optimism. Our preliminary work shows that measuring heterogeneity in psychopathic personality traits can guide the use of a brief substance use intervention to people who will benefit. Our innovative assessment and matching-to-treatment approach has promise for a) revealing the true efficacy of a brief motivational intervention (BMI) for justice-involved substance users at varying levels of psychopathic traits, and b) explaining contradictions in the BMI literature. Additionally, the current proposal is a Phase III randomized clinical trial in which we will use rigorous multi-method assessment to test two putative mechanisms of change: commitment to change and self-regulation. By elucidating the mechanisms through which justice-involved substance users' change in treatment, we will make adaptations that further strengthen our intervention and increase the range of people who benefit. Hypotheses that will be examined include: 1) that a BMI, adapted for use in criminal justice supervisory settings, will reduce substance use relative to Standard Care for individuals with low/moderate affective traits of psychopathy, 2) that the reduction in substance use will be mediated by commitment to change and an increase in self-regulation, enabling adaptations that target these processes and lead to a better intervention, and 3) that the moderated reduction in substance use will mediate a reduction in violent recidivism at follow-up.

项目摘要/摘要。参与正义的个人使用药物构成了一个公共健康问题，与负面影响有关。对罪犯、其家人和社区造成的后果。随着刑事司法改革成为现实在美国，越来越多涉及司法的物质使用者加入到普通人群中，因此有理由治疗乐观。我们的初步工作表明，测量精神病态人格的异质性特征可以指导对受益者进行简短的药物使用干预。我们的创新评估和匹配治疗方法有望a）揭示简短的真实疗效对不同精神变态特征水平的涉及正义的物质使用者进行动机干预（BMI）， b) 解释 BMI 文献中的矛盾。此外，当前的提案是第三阶段随机临床试验，我们将使用严格的多方法评估来测试两个假定的变革机制：致力于变革和自我监管。通过阐明机制对于涉及司法的物质使用者的待遇变化，我们将做出调整，进一步加强我们的干预并增加受益人群的范围。将检验的假设包括：1) 适合在刑事司法监督环境中使用的 BMI 将减少相对于对具有低/中度精神病情感特征的个体进行标准护理，2) 物质使用将通过致力于变革和加强自我监管来调节，从而使针对这些过程并导致更好的干预的适应措施，以及3）适度的减少药物使用的减少将有助于减少后续的暴力累犯。