Neutralizing epigenomes in neurodevelopment disorders

中和神经发育障碍中的表观基因组

基本信息

批准号：
9233642
负责人：
Shigeki Iwase
金额：
$ 10万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2015-06-15 至 2020-04-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9233642
关键词：
Accounting Address Aggressive behavior Behavioral Brain ChIP-seq Chemicals Chromatin Cognitive deficits Collaborations Data Deposition Development Disease Drug Targeting Ensure Enzymes Epigenetic Process Epilepsy Equilibrium Excision Foundations Gene Expression Gene Expression Profile Genes Genome Goals Growth Health Histone H3 Histones Human Human Genome In Vitro Individual Intellectual functioning disability Knock-out Knockout Mice Knowledge Laboratories Lead Learning Link Lysine Mediating Memory impairment Messenger RNA Methylation Methyltransferase Missense Mutation Modification Molecular Molecular Profiling Mus Mutation Nature Neurodevelopmental Disorder Neurons Outcome Patients Pattern Post-Transcriptional Regulation Post-Translational Protein Processing Proteins RNA Interference Regulation Reporting Research Research Personnel Role Shipping Ships Synapses Testing Therapeutic Vertebral column Work X-linked intellectual disability autism spectrum disorder base cognitive development cognitive function epigenome genome-wide histone methylation histone modification human disease improved in vivo inhibitor/antagonist innovation insight interdisciplinary approach learning ability loss of function mouse model neurodevelopment neuron development overexpression promoter restoration small molecule inhibitor transcriptome sequencing

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): In neurodevelopmental disorders such as intellectual disabilities (ID) and autism spectrum disorders (ASD), a large number of mutations in more than 30 regulators of posttranslational modification on histones have recently been found. Intricate regulation of the histone modifications, therefore, appears to be essential for proper cognitive development. However, because little is known about how these mutations lead to IDs and ASDs, no rationale therapeutic options are available for the patients. The long-term research goal of my laboratory is to elucidate histone modification-mediated mechanisms underpinning normal and pathological brain development and function. Mutations in KDM5C account for at least up to 2% of X-linked ID (XLID). Patients with these mutations often show epilepsy and aggressive behaviors. We previously discovered that KDM5C encodes the first eraser enzyme for di- and trimethylated histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4me2/3). Missense mutations associated with ID de- crease the demethylase activity, suggesting that the mutations lead to loss of function. More recently, we found that Kdm5c-deficient mice closely recapitulate behavioral abnormalities of human patients, including impaired learning ability and profound aggression. The Kdm5c-deficient mice are the first mouse model of ID, which is caused by defective "erasure" of histone modifications. Our work was the first to link the dynamic nature of his- tone methylation to human cognitive development. To be removed by KDM5C, the H3K4me marks are placed by a group of H3K4me "writer" enzymes. In humans, seven H3K4me writer enzymes are reported to place H3K4me marks, whereas six enzymes including KDM5C remove H3K4me. However, the functional relation- ships between KDM5C and any of the H3K4me writer enzymes for H3K4me are not known. The proposed study will address the fundamental question, "How and where in the genome does the balancing act between writers and erasers of histone modifications ensure cognitive development and function?" The specific goal of the proposed research is to elucidate the functional dynamics between KDM5C, an H3K4me eraser, and H3K4me writer enzymes. We will systematically identify the H3K4me writer enzymes that counteracts with KDM5C at molecular, cellular, and behavioral levels. Completion of the work will likely provide a potential drug target of ID. Because virtually all histone modifications are dynamically placed and erased, our approach might be broadly applicable to many other human diseases that involve dysregulation of histone modification. Importantly, the research will be the first to reveal interplay between specific epigenetic writers and erasers during neuronal development.

描述（申请人提供）：在智力障碍（ID）和自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）等神经发育障碍中，最近发现了组蛋白上30多个翻译后修饰调节因子的大量突变，对组蛋白的复杂调节。因此，修饰似乎对于正确的认知发展至关重要。然而，由于人们对这些突变如何导致智力障碍和自闭症谱系障碍知之甚少，因此没有为患者提供合理的治疗选择。我实验室的任务是阐明支撑正常和病理性大脑发育和功能的组蛋白修饰介导的机制，KDM5C 突变至少占 X 连锁 ID (XLID) 的 2%，患有这些突变的患者经常表现出癫痫和攻击行为。我们之前发现 KDM5C 编码与 ID 相关的二甲基化和三甲基化组蛋白 H3 赖氨酸 4 (H3K4me2/3) 的第一个擦除酶。最近，我们发现 Kdm5c 缺陷小鼠与人类患者的行为异常非常相似，包括学习能力受损和严重的攻击性。第一个 ID 小鼠模型，这是由组蛋白修饰的缺陷“擦除”引起的，我们的工作是第一个将组蛋白甲基化的动态性质与人类认知发展联系起来的工作。 H3K4me 标记是由一组 H3K4me“书写”酶放置的，据报道，有 7 种 H3K4me 书写酶可以放置 H3K4me 标记，而包括 KDM5C 在内的 6 种酶可以去除 H3K4me。 H3K4me 的 H3K4me 写入酶尚不清楚，拟议的研究将解决这个基本问题：“基因组中的平衡如何以及在何处发挥作用。组蛋白修饰的书写者和擦除者确保认知发展和功能？”拟议研究的具体目标是阐明 KDM5C、H3K4me 擦除者和 H3K4me 书写酶之间的功能动力学。我们将系统地识别与 KDM5C 抵消的 H3K4me 书写酶在分子、细胞和行为水平上，这项工作的完成可能会提供 ID 的潜在药物靶标，因为几乎所有组蛋白修饰都是动态放置和删除的。该方法可能广泛适用于许多其他涉及组蛋白修饰失调的人类疾病。重要的是，该研究将首次揭示神经发育过程中特定表观遗传写入器和擦除器之间的相互作用。