Long Term Recovery Among Convicted Drunk Drivers

被定罪酒驾司机的长期康复

基本信息

批准号：
7456603
负责人：
Sandra C Lapham
金额：
$ 49.66万
依托单位：
PACIFIC INSTITUTE FOR RES AND EVALUATION
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2004-07-10 至 2010-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7456603
关键词：
Accounting Alcohol consumption Alcohol dependence Alcohol or Other Drugs use Alcohols American Indians Applications Grants Automobile Driving Behavioral Behavioral Model Cessation of life Cognitive Communities Computers Condition Coupled Data Databases Dependence Depth Development Diagnosis Diagnostic Disease remission Drug Use Disorder Drunk driving Ethnic Origin Evaluation Female Follow-Up Studies Funding Gender Grant Hispanic Americans Hispanics Interview Knowledge Maintenance Measures Mental Health Mental disorders Modeling New Mexico Not Hispanic or Latino Outcome Participant Patient Self-Report Performance Persons Pharmaceutical Preparations Pilot Projects Prevalence Prevention Process Questionnaires Race Rate Records Recovery Relapse Risk Role Sampling Screening procedure Social Controls Specific qualifier value Structure Substance abuse problem Symptoms Techniques Testing Theoretical model Time Typology Work base cohort convict court drinking driving behavior follow-up impaired driving performance male offender programs psychologic sobriety theories trafficking treatment program willingness

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This R01 grant application requests 5 years of funding to extend the observation period of a cohort of first-time driving while impaired (DWI) offenders to 15 years. Subjects were first observed at the time of court-mandated referral for substance abuse evaluation to a screening program in Albuquerque, NM for a first DWI offense (1989-1992). A subset of 1,396 offenders was interviewed 5 years later where current and 12-month diagnoses of substance use and other psychiatric disorders were ascertained. A current secondary analysis grant examines the longitudinal database developed for the 5-year follow-up study. For the proposed study we will locate, and conduct structured, in-person interviews with the entire cohort of participants in the 5-year follow-up study. An estimated 71% of subjects can be located, with 5% deceased. A pilot study revealed a high (92%) willingness to participate, yielding an estimated total of 750 subjects (35% non-Hispanic White; 47% Hispanic; 15% American Indian; 3% other races; 56% of subjects are females). Interviews and questionnaires will measure the 15-year progression of alcohol use and other psychiatric disorders; examine attributes of subjects who achieved sobriety with and without the aid of formal and informal treatment; determine long-term rates of driving outcomes, including violations, crashes, and DWI arrests; and evaluate two alternative theoretical models (i.e., the Social-Control, and the Cognitive-Behavioral models) in predicting long-term, drinking/driving and traffic outcomes. Finally, through conduct of a qualitative study with a subset of offenders, we will assess subjects' self-report information and variability in long-term maintenance of sobriety and relapse. Prevalence of alcohol and drug abuse/dependence, and mental health diagnoses will be ascertained through well specified diagnostic criteria. Rates will be compared between genders and between Hispanic and non-Hispanic White subjects. Driving outcomes will be ascertained by self-report and using computer-based archival record data for those who still reside in New Mexico (estimated to be about 88% of subjects). Driving after drinking is the largest single cause of alcohol-related deaths in the U.S., and over one third of drivers in alcohol-related crashes have previous drunk-driving arrests. Yet few studies have examined long-term outcomes of convicted drunk drivers. Longer-term follow-up in this DWI sample, already described in rich detail, could add much to the body of knowledge regarding drunk drivers. The ability to collect long-term follow-up data coupled with theory development and an integrated empirical focus will provide a unique contribution to the development of prevention and treatment programs for both female and male offenders.

描述（由申请人提供）：此 R01 拨款申请要求提供 5 年的资金，以将首次醉驾 (DWI) 罪犯的观察期延长至 15 年。受试者在法庭强制转介至新墨西哥州阿尔伯克基的筛查项目进行药物滥用评估时首次被观察，因为该项目首次发生酒后驾车犯罪（1989-1992 年）。 5 年后，对 1,396 名罪犯进行了访谈，确定了当前和 12 个月内药物滥用和其他精神疾病的诊断。当前的二次分析资助检查了为 5 年后续研究开发的纵向数据库。对于拟议的研究，我们将在 5 年后续研究中找到所有参与者，并进行结构化的面对面访谈。估计 71% 的对象已被找到，其中 5% 已死亡。一项试点研究显示，参与意愿很高 (92%)，估计共有 750 名受试者（35% 非西班牙裔白人；47% 西班牙裔；15% 美洲印第安人；3% 其他种族；56% 受试者为女性）。访谈和问卷调查将衡量 15 年来饮酒和其他精神疾病的进展情况；检查在正式和非正式治疗的帮助下实现清醒的受试者的属性；确定驾驶结果的长期发生率，包括违规、碰撞和醉酒驾驶被捕；并评估预测长期酒后/驾驶和交通结果的两种替代理论模型（即社会控制模型和认知行为模型）。最后，通过对一部分犯罪者进行定性研究，我们将评估受试者的自我报告信息以及长期保持清醒和复吸的变化。酒精和药物滥用/依赖的流行率以及心理健康诊断将通过明确的诊断标准来确定。将比较性别之间以及西班牙裔和非西班牙裔白人受试者之间的比率。驾驶结果将通过自我报告并使用仍然居住在新墨西哥州的人（估计约占受试者的 88%）基于计算机的档案记录数据来确定。酒后驾车是美国酒精相关死亡的最大单一原因，超过三分之一的酒精相关车祸司机此前曾因酒后驾车被捕。然而，很少有研究考察被定罪的醉酒司机的长期后果。对这个 DWI 样本的长期跟踪已经进行了丰富的详细描述，可以大大丰富有关醉酒司机的知识体系。收集长期随访数据的能力，加上理论发展和综合实证重点，将为女性和男性罪犯的预防和治疗计划的制定做出独特的贡献。