Structural racism and youth firearm violence: Socioecological mechanisms and resilience

结构性种族主义和青少年枪支暴力：社会生态机制和复原力

• 批准号: 10723231
• 负责人: Daniel B Lee
• 金额: $ 15.6万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-19 至 2025-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10723231
• 关键词: Accident and Emergency department; Address; Age; Aggressive behavior; Alcohols; American; Attitude; Black race; Buffers; Cause of Death; Censuses; Cessation of life; Classification; Clinical; Communities; Community Surveys; Criminal Justice; Data; Development; Disclosure; Discrimination; Economics; Education; Employment; Equation; Exposure to; Firearms; Fostering; Foundations; Goals; Gun injury; Health; Home; Homicide; Housing; Injury; Knowledge; Link; Longitudinal Studies; Longitudinal Surveys; Measures; Mediation; Mediator; Mentors; Mentorship; Michigan; Modeling; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; Neighborhoods; Outcome; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Perception; Positioning Attribute; Prevention program; Prevention strategy; Psychology; Public Health; Race; Research; Research Personnel; Research Proposals; Resources; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Role; Shapes; Shoulder; Structural Racism; Subgroup; System; Testing; Translating; United States; Victimization; Violence; Violent injury; Youth; assault; community violence; design; evidence base; experience; gun violence; innovation; minority children; multiple data sources; peer; prevent; promote resilience; protective factors; psychologic; racial discrimination; racial disparity; racism; resilience; secondary analysis; segregation; social; statistics; substance misuse; theories; therapy design; trauma centers; violence prevention

Abstract Structural Racism and Youth Firearm Violence: Mechanisms and Resilience While firearm violence is the leading cause of death for youth (ages 10 to 24) in the U.S., like other public health issues, Black youth disproportionately shoulder the burden of nonfatal and fatal firearm injury. Historical (e.g., redlining) and contemporary (e.g., racialized economic segregation) forms of structural racism have been identified as contributors to racial inequities in firearm violence and injury. Translating this research into culturally responsive youth firearm violence prevention programs will require addressing several critical knowledge gaps about how structural racism influences youth firearm violence. Our overarching goal is to generate knowledge to inform youth firearm prevention programs that address the insidious downstream effects of structural racism by strengthening community-based resources by addressing three knowledge gaps. First, we need a measure that captures racism across systems (e.g., housing, criminal justice) to accurately assess the influence of structural racism on youth firearm violence. Second, we need an interdisciplinary evidence base that can elucidate the multifaceted mechanisms underlying the link between structural racism and youth firearm violence to inform the development of youth firearm violence prevention efforts that address the consequences of structural racism. Third, we need to identify resilience-promotive factors that can mitigate the influence of structural racism on youth firearm violence. The identification of these promotive (positive) factors is critical for informing youth firearm violence prevention programs that both focuses on positive aspects in youths’ lives and leverages community-based resources (e.g., natural mentors). We propose to conduct secondary analyses using longitudinal survey data of 349 Black youth (ages 14-24) presenting to the primary emergency department in Flint, Michigan. We will link these data to community-level data (e.g., American Community Survey, home mortgage data) to address our three specific aims: 1) develop and validate a measure of structural racism and evaluate the direct effect of structural racism on youth firearm violence risk; 2) test longitudinal mechanisms bridging structural racism to youth firearm violence risk; and 3) identify promotive factors that moderate the effects of structural racism on youth firearm violence risk. The significance of this proposal is that it offers a first look at how negative socioecological and psychological consequences of structural racism shapes firearm violence among Black youth. It will also provide the foundation for a larger research proposal (e.g., R01) in which academic and community partners co-design and co-implement a longitudinal study to elucidate additional key pathways from structural racism to firearm violence among youth most impacted by firearm violence and injury.

抽象的 结构性种族主义和青年枪支暴力：机制和韧性 虽然像其他公众一样，枪支暴力是美国青年死亡的主要原因（10至24岁） 健康问题，黑人青年不成比例地掩盖了非致命和致命枪支伤害的燃烧。历史 （例如，红线）和当代（例如种族化的经济隔离）结构性种族主义形式已经存在 被确定为枪支暴力和伤害中种族不平等的贡献者。将这项研究转化为 具有文化反应迅速的青年枪支暴力预防计划将需要解决一些关键 关于结构性种族主义如何影响青年枪支暴力的知识差距。我们的总体目标是 建立知识以告知青年预防枪支计划，以解决下游阴险 结构种族主义的影响通过解决三个知识差距来增强基于社区的资源。 首先，我们需要一项措施，使跨系统（例如住房，刑事司法）捕捉种族主义，以准确 评估结构种族主义对青年枪支暴力的影响。其次，我们需要一个跨学科 可以阐明结构种族主义之间联系的多方面机制的证据基础 和青年枪支暴力行为，以告知针对青年枪支暴力预防努力的发展 结构种族主义的后果。第三，我们需要确定可以减轻的弹性促进因素 结构性种族主义对青年枪支暴力的影响。这些促进的识别（积极） 因素对于告知青年枪支暴力预防计划至关重要，这两者都侧重于积极 青年生活和利用社区资源（例如自然导师）的方面。我们建议 使用349名黑人青年（14-24岁）的纵向调查数据进行二次分析 密歇根州弗林特的主要急诊室。我们将将这些数据链接到社区级数据（例如， 美国社区调查，房屋抵押数据），以解决我们的三个具体目标：1）开发和验证 衡量结构性种族主义的衡量，并评估结构种族主义对青年枪支暴力风险的直接影响； 2）测试纵向机制将结构性种族主义与青年枪支暴力风险融合在一起； 3）识别 促进了缓和结构种族主义对青年枪支暴力风险的影响的因素。意义 该提议的是，它首先研究了负面的社会生态和心理后果 结构性种族主义塑造了黑人青年的枪支暴力。它还将为更大的基础提供基础 学术和社区合作伙伴共同设计和共同实现的研究建议（例如R01） 纵向研究旨在阐明从结构性种族主义到青年枪支暴力的其他关键途径 受枪支暴力和伤害的影响最大。