The "New Man" in Soviet Biology and Medicine

苏联生物学和医学中的“新人”

基本信息

批准号：
7215726
负责人：
NIKOLAY KREMENTSOV
金额：
$ 5.03万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2006
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2006-04-01 至 2009-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION: This proposal is to spend two years preparing a book manuscript provisionally entitled, 'Revolutionary Experiments: The "New Man" in Soviet Biology and Medicine.1 This book will explore the role of the concept of the "new man" in the institutional, intellectual, and cultural development of experimental biology and experimental medicine in Soviet Russia during the 1920s and 1930s. It aims to uncover the ways in which this concept mediated the dialogue between Russian researchers and their Bolshevik patrons. How exactly were the Bolsheviks' changing "visions" of the "new man" translated into particular institutions and research programs in experimental biology and medicine? How was the dialogue between scientists and their patrons conducted? Were Russian "bourgeois" scientists simply using the Bolsheviks' revolutionary rhetoric as a means of survival under the new "proletarian" regime? Or was there genuine overlapping between scientists' "visionary biology" and their patrons' "revolutionary dreams"? The search for answers to these questions forms the core of this project. The book will include eight chapters, covering various lines of research in endocrinology, biophysics, brain morphology and physiology, biochemistry, hematology, eugenics, and medical genetics. The research for this book will require extensive exploration of documents preserved in the archives of various Soviet agencies involved with experimental biology and medicine, as well as personal papers of numerous scientists, in Moscow and St. Petersburg. It will also require a careful examination of published sources, ranging from scholarly journals, popular magazines, and monographs to institutional reports and newspapers, many of which are unavailable outside of Russia.

描述：该提议是花两年的时间准备一本书手稿，标题为“革命性” 实验：苏联生物学和医学中的“新人”。1本书将探讨“新人”在1920年代和1930年代在苏联实验生物学和实验医学的制度，智力和文化发展中“新人”概念的作用。它旨在揭示该概念介导俄罗斯研究人员与其布尔什维克顾客之间对话的方式。布尔什维克的“新人”的变化“视觉”如何转化为实验生物学和医学领域的特定机构和研究计划？科学家与顾客之间的对话是如何进行的？俄罗斯的“资产阶级”科学家是否只是使用布尔什维克的革命性言论作为新的“无产阶级”制度的生存手段？还是科学家的“有远见的生物学”与他们的顾客“革命梦”之间存在真正的重叠？寻找这些问题的答案构成了该项目的核心。该书将包括八章，涵盖内分泌学，生物物理学，脑形态和生理学，生物化学，血液学，优生学和医学遗传学的各种研究。这本书的研究将需要对涉及实验生物学和医学涉及的各种苏联机构的档案中保存的文件，以及莫斯科和圣彼得堡的众多科学家的个人论文。它还需要仔细检查已发表的来源，从学术期刊，受欢迎的杂志和专着到机构报告和报纸，其中许多是在俄罗斯以外的地方。