The neural basis of sequential control in human and non-human primates

人类和非人类灵长类动物顺序控制的神经基础

• 批准号: 9323533
• 负责人: Theresa Marie Desrochers
• 金额: $ 27.58万
• 依托单位: BROWN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-08-01 至 2018-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9323533
• 关键词: Adolescence; Adolescent; Adult; Age; Attention; Behavioral; Biological Markers; Birth; Centers of Research Excellence; Child; Childhood; Clutterings; Cognitive; Color; Complex; Crystallization; Data; Detection; Development; Developmental Course; Dimensions; Discrimination; Emotional; Evidence based intervention; Eye; Foundations; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Gender; Goals; Gray unit of radiation dose; Image; Impairment; Individual; Infant; Instruction; Intervention; Lead; Learning; Light; Location; Maps; Mechanics; Memory; Methods; Motion; Neuraxis; Parietal; Participant; Pattern; Perception; Performance; Persons; Population; Process; Recruitment Activity; Relative Risks; Risk; Role; Siblings; Stimulus; System; Testing; Time; Vision; Visual; Visual attention; Visual impairment; Visual system structure; Work; attentional bias; autism spectrum disorder; base; developmental disease; developmental genetics; disorder risk; experience; gaze; indexing; infancy; information gathering; neural circuit; neuroimaging; postnatal; prevent; skills; stimulus processing; vision development; visual processing; visual search

PROJECT SUMMARY (See instructions): Visual attention is a general information gathering mechanism that is central to cognitive, emotional, and perceptual development. Visual scenes are cluttered with more information than can be managed at once. The role of visual attention is to organize eye gaze patterns in such scenes, thereby supporting the first step in information gathering, perception, and learning. Although the timing of the development of visual attention is understood, the explanatory variables that underlie its development are not well known. This project aims to characterize the variables that contribute to typical and atypical visual attention. Previous findings related to visual attention and computational vision lead to the hypothesis that integrity of visual processing is fundamental to the development of visual attention. Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and their at-risk infant siblings show both atypical visual and attentional abilities. We hypothesize that differences in visual attention in ASD are a result of atypical visual processing. This proposal will test this hypothesis in infancy when these skills emerge, and then from childhood through adulthood as these skills continue to refine. We will test our predictions using standard attention and visual function tasks, in concert with behavioral eye-tracking and neuroimaging methods. This work has the potential to provide a foundation for understanding what may be a pivotal and foundational disruption in behavioral and neural circuitry development underlying ASD.

项目摘要（参见说明）： 视觉注意力是一种通用的信息收集机制，对于认知、情感和知觉发展至关重要。视觉场景中充斥着大量无法一次性管理的信息。视觉注意力的作用是组织此类场景中的眼睛注视模式，从而支持信息收集、感知和学习的第一步。尽管人们了解视觉注意力发展的时间，但其发展背后的解释变量尚不清楚。该项目旨在描述有助于典型和非典型视觉注意力的变量。先前与视觉注意力和计算视觉相关的发现得出这样的假设：视觉处理的完整性是视觉注意力发展的基础。自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 患者及其高危婴儿兄弟姐妹表现出非典型的视觉和注意力能力。我们假设自闭症患者视觉注意力的差异是非典型视觉处理的结果。该提案将在婴儿期这些技能出现时检验这一假设，然后从童年到成年这些技能不断完善。我们将使用标准注意力和视觉功能任务，结合行为眼动追踪和神经影像方法来测试我们的预测。这项工作有可能为理解自闭症谱系障碍的行为和神经回路发育中可能的关键和基础性破坏奠定基础。