Nicotine Intake in Smokers with Schizophrenia

患有精神分裂症的吸烟者的尼古丁摄入量

• 批准号: 7150063
• 负责人: JILL M WILLIAMS
• 金额: $ 35.67万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF MED/DENT NJ-R W JOHNSON MED SCH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-08-01 至 2010-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7150063
• 关键词: behavior test; behavior therapy; behavioral /social science research tag; bipolar depression; clinical research; drug addiction; drug metabolism; enzyme activity; health behavior; human subject; interview; longitudinal human study; nicotine; patient oriented research; personal log /diary; psychosis; questionnaires; schizophrenia; smoking; smoking cessation; tobacco abuse

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): More research is needed on seriously mentally ill smokers, who, to date, have been under-studied and suffer disproportionate tobacco use and disease. This proposal responds to an NIMH Program Announcement (PA-05-019) and is consistent with a recent NIMH workgroup on Tobacco Use and Cessation in Psychiatric Disorders which concluded that significant advances in treating smokers with schizophrenia might not occur until there is better understanding of the role of nicotine in the context of the mental disorder. Individuals with schizophrenia are heavy smokers with only half the success in making a quit attempt as other smokers. Preliminary evidence, including our own, indicates that smokers with schizophrenia have higher nicotine levels than control smokers who smoke the same number of cigarettes per day. This is presumed to be an increase in nicotine intake which is due to differences in cigarette puffing behavior although studies have not confirmed this. The emphasis of this proposal is to conduct two studies of cigarette puffing behavior and nicotine intake in smokers with schizophrenia and compare these results to 2 control groups: smokers without mental illness and smokers with bipolar disorder. We expect that smokers with schizophrenia will have a higher nicotine intake per cigarette, also termed "nicotine boost", compared to controls. We also expect that smokers with schizophrenia will differ in smoking topography measures with decreases in inter-puff interval (IPI, the time between puffs) compared to controls. In Study #1 we will recruit 300 smokers (100 with schizophrenia, 100 with bipolar disorder and 100 controls without mental illness) in order to measure nicotine intake and smoking topography on a usual smoking day. Subjects will participate in three blood draws and a smoking topography session during ad lib smoking from 6am to 3pm. In Study #2 we will measure nicotine boost from a single cigarette in a laboratory based design using repeated blood measures in a subgroup of 30 smokers from Study #1. This study allows us to precisely measure the nicotine peak and also characterize nicotine blood levels in the first hour after smoking to measure the total nicotine dose from a single cigarette. Understanding differences in nicotine boost has important implications for the type of nicotine replacement medications which may prove be most effective for this group and is an important step in the development of better pharmacological treatments.

描述（由申请人提供）：需要对严重的吸烟者进行更多的研究，迄今为止，他们的烟草使用和疾病不成比例。该提案对NIMH计划公告（PA-05-019）做出了回应，并且与最近在精神疾病中使用和停止使用的NIMH工作组是一致的，这些工作组得出结论认为，在对尼古丁在精神障碍中的作用有更好的理解，可能才会在治疗精神分裂症的吸烟者方面取得重大进展。精神分裂症患者是吸烟者，只有一半的烟民作为其他吸烟者而退出尝试。初步证据，包括我们自己的证据表明，患有精神分裂症的吸烟者的尼古丁水平高于每天吸烟的吸烟者。假定这是尼古丁摄入量的增加，这是由于香烟浮肿行为的差异所致，尽管研究尚未证实这一点。该提议的重点是对精神分裂症吸烟者中的香烟浮肿行为和尼古丁摄入进行两项研究，并将这些结果与两个对照组进行比较：没有精神疾病的吸烟者和患有双相情感障碍的吸烟者。我们预计，与对照组相比，患有精神分裂症的吸烟者的每烟的尼古丁摄入量也会更高，也称为“尼古丁升高”。我们还希望，与对照组相比，患有精神分裂症的吸烟者在吸烟地形测量方面会有所不同（IPI，泡芙之间的时间）。在研究＃1中，我们将招募300名吸烟者（100名精神分裂症，躁郁症100人，没有精神疾病的100个对照），以便在通常的吸烟日测量尼古丁的摄入量和吸烟地形。受试者将在凌晨6点至下午3点吸烟期间参加三次抽血和一个吸烟地形。在研究＃2中，我们将使用基于实验室设计的单个香烟的尼古丁提升，使用研究＃1的30个吸烟者的子组中的重复血液测量。这项研究使我们能够精确地测量尼古丁峰，并在吸烟后的第一个小时内表征尼古丁血液水平，以测量单烟的总尼古丁剂量。了解尼古丁提升的差异对可能证明对该组最有效的尼古丁替代药物的类型具有重要意义，并且是开发更好的药理治疗方法的重要一步。