Functions of Prosocial Behaviors in Children with Autism

自闭症儿童亲社会行为的功能

• 批准号: 7143673
• 负责人: Maureen Conroy
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-08-01 至 2006-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7143673
• 关键词: attention; autism; behavior test; behavior therapy; behavioral /social science research tag; child behavior; clinical research; disease /disorder classification; escape reaction; functional ability; human subject; human therapy evaluation; middle childhood (6-11); motivation; patient oriented research; preschool child (1-5); psychometrics; questionnaires; reinforcer; social adjustment; social behavior; socializations; stimulus /response; visual stimulus

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) generally have pervasive social skill deficits, and their social behavior provides a pivotal link to cognitive and communicative outcomes. Researchers in applied behavior analysis have used functional analysis (FA) to identify functions of aberrant behavior and successfully linked intervention to function for children with ASD, but they have not extended FA techniques to determine functions of prosocial behavior. The proposed study thus has 3 aims: To determine (a) whether primary functions of prosocial behaviors in children with ASD can be identified using FA, (b) the extent to which primary functions systematically differ across ASD social subtypes, and (c) the effectiveness of social skill treatments linked to FA outcomes. Using a FA protocol adapted from our preliminary work, we will obtain rates of prosocial behavior for 60 participants ages 3-9 with diagnoses of ASD, 20 for each subtype of autism (active-but-odd, passive, and aloof), in each of 3 FA conditions: obtaining attention; obtaining a preferred tangible item; escaping social stimuli. Each participant will receive the conditions in multiple 5-minute videotaped sessions (one condition per session) presented in random order, and the condition with the consistently highest rate of prosocial behavior will indicate the primary function for a given participant. To determine whether function and subtype are dependent, we will use a 3 x 3 chi squared test; we will use a muiticategory logistic regression analysis to determine whether chi squared findings are maintained after controlling for IQ and communication score. To pilot the effectiveness of treatment linked to function, we will use a within-subjects reversal design with 3 participants with different hypothesized function x subtype combinations. Each will receive all 3 contingent treatments (attention, tangible, escape), and we will thus compare (a) the effectiveness of contingent treatment linked to FA outcome with non-contingent treatment and (b) rate of behavior across contingencies to determine whether function-based treatment (as determined in Aim 1) is more powerful than contingent treatment not linked to function. The outcomes of this exploratory study will guide future research efforts to determine whether function- based social skills treatments can be effectively matched to characteristics of children with ASD.

描述（由申请人提供）：自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的儿童通常具有普遍的社交技能缺陷，他们的社会行为为认知和交流结果提供了关键的联系。应用行为分析的研究人员使用功能分析（FA）来识别异常行为的功能，并成功将干预措施与ASD儿童的功能联系起来，但他们没有扩展FA技术来确定亲社会行为的功能。因此，拟议的研究具有3个目的：确定（a）使用FA可以识别ASD儿童的亲社会行为的主要功能，（b）在ASD社会亚型中有系统地差异的程度，以及（c）与FA出现相关的社会技能治疗的有效性。使用根据我们的初步工作改编的FA协议，我们将在3-9岁的60名参与者中获得亲社会行为的速度，并在3个FA条件下，每种自闭症子类型（AINKIT-BUT-ODD，被动，被动和ALOOF）的每个亚型为20个亚型：引起注意：引起注意；获得首选的有形物品；逃避社交刺激。每个参与者将以随机顺序呈现的多个5分钟录像会话（每个会话）的条件收到条件，并且亲社会行为持续最高的条件将表明给定参与者的主要功能。为了确定功能和亚型是否依赖，我们将使用3 x 3 CHI平方测试；我们将使用MuiticateGory Logistic回归分析来确定在控制智商和通信得分后是否维持CHI平方发现。为了实现与功能相关的治疗的有效性，我们将使用三名具有不同假设功能X亚型组合的参与者使用对象内的逆转设计。每个人都将接受所有3种偶然的治疗（注意，有形，逃生），因此我们将比较（a）与FA结局相关的有效治疗的有效性，以及（b）跨意外处理的行为速率以确定基于功能的治疗（在AIM 1中确定）是否更强大于与功能相关的功能是否更强大。这项探索性研究的结果将指导未来的研究工作，以确定基于功能的社交技能治疗是否可以有效地与ASD儿童的特征相匹配。