Opportunity Teaching and Scaffolding of Behavior

机会教学和行为脚手架

• 批准号: 6786494
• 负责人: TATYANA HUMLE
• 金额: $ 4.3万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-05-01 至 2007-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6786494
• 关键词: Callithricidae; Pan; animal developmental psychology; behavioral /social science research tag; ethology; evolution; experience; immature animal; learning; parent offspring interaction; postdoctoral investigator; social behavior; videotape /videodisc; wild animals

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Juvenile experience and learning events in humans modulate the functional maturation of the brain, thereby shaping the neuronal substrate for the development of intellectual and socio-emotional abilities. Animal models have provided useful testable conceptual and comparative frameworks applicable to studies of human infants and vice versa. Scaffolding behavior and opportunity teaching are important processes in the development of language and technical skill acquisition in young children. The proposed study will explore the function of opportunity teaching and maternal or parental scaffolding and the influence of social dynamics on complex skill acquisition and behavioral performance in sub-adults in two species of primates: 1) captive cotton-top tamarins on a simulated naturalistic foraging task and 2) wild chimpanzees on a hazardous tool use task. In addition, to shed light on the evolution of social learning in human and non-human primates, associated costs to social learning will be investigated in relation to behavioral efficiency and environmental variability. In the chimpanzees, video data will be gathered from the wild and a semi-controlled natural outdoor laboratory setting; while, data on the tamarins will be obtained through a series of experiments with control and baseline trials in captivity.

描述（由申请人提供）：人类中的少年经验和学习事件调节大脑的功能成熟，从而塑造了神经元基板的发展，以发展智力和社会情感能力。动物模型提供了适用于人类婴儿研究的有用的可检验概念和比较框架，反之亦然。脚手架的行为和机会教学是幼儿语言和技术技能获取的重要过程。拟议的研究将探索机会教学，母亲或父母脚手架的功能，以及社会动态对两种灵长类动物的子成人的复杂技能获取和行为表现的影响：1）俘虏的棉花塔玛蛋白在模拟的自然主义觅食任务上以及2）野生黑猩猩对危险工具的使用。此外，为了阐明人类和非人类灵长类动物中社会学习的发展，将研究与行为效率和环境变异性有关的社会学习成本。在黑猩猩中，视频数据将从野外和半控制的天然户外实验室环境中收集；虽然，将通过一系列具有对照和基线试验的实验来获得tamarins的数据。