Opportunity Teaching and Scaffolding of Behavior

机会教学和行为支架

• 批准号: 6911476
• 负责人: TATYANA HUMLE
• 金额: $ 4.83万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-05-01 至 2007-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6911476
• 关键词: Callithricidae; Pan; animal developmental psychology; behavioral /social science research tag; ethology; evolution; experience; immature animal; learning; parent offspring interaction; postdoctoral investigator; social behavior; videotape /videodisc; wild animals

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Juvenile experience and learning events in humans modulate the functional maturation of the brain, thereby shaping the neuronal substrate for the development of intellectual and socio-emotional abilities. Animal models have provided useful testable conceptual and comparative frameworks applicable to studies of human infants and vice versa. Scaffolding behavior and opportunity teaching are important processes in the development of language and technical skill acquisition in young children. The proposed study will explore the function of opportunity teaching and maternal or parental scaffolding and the influence of social dynamics on complex skill acquisition and behavioral performance in sub-adults in two species of primates: 1) captive cotton-top tamarins on a simulated naturalistic foraging task and 2) wild chimpanzees on a hazardous tool use task. In addition, to shed light on the evolution of social learning in human and non-human primates, associated costs to social learning will be investigated in relation to behavioral efficiency and environmental variability. In the chimpanzees, video data will be gathered from the wild and a semi-controlled natural outdoor laboratory setting; while, data on the tamarins will be obtained through a series of experiments with control and baseline trials in captivity.

描述（由申请人提供）：人类的青少年经历和学习事件调节大脑的功能成熟，从而塑造智力和社会情感能力发展的神经元基质。动物模型提供了有用的可测试概念和比较框架，适用于人类婴儿的研究，反之亦然。支架行为和机会教学是幼儿语言发展和技术技能习得的重要过程。拟议的研究将探讨机会教学和母亲或父母支架的功能，以及社会动态对两种灵长类动物亚成年复杂技能习得和行为表现的影响：1）模拟自然觅食中的圈养棉顶狨猴任务和2）野生黑猩猩执行危险工具使用任务。此外，为了揭示人类和非人类灵长类动物社会学习的演变，将研究与行为效率和环境变异性相关的社会学习成本。对于黑猩猩，视频数据将从野外和半受控的自然室外实验室环境中收集；同时，狨猴的数据将通过一系列圈养对照试验和基线试验获得。