Electric Field as Novel Neuronal Interface

电场作为新型神经元接口

• 批准号: 6687125
• 负责人: BRUCE J GLUCKMAN
• 金额: $ 34.26万
• 依托单位: GEORGE MASON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-06-01 至 2007-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6687125
• 关键词: biofeedback; biomaterial compatibility; biomaterial evaluation; biomaterial interface interaction; biotechnology; brain electrical activity; cerebral cortex; computer program /software; computer simulation; electric field; electrical potential; electrodes; electroencephalography; electrostimulus; generalized seizures; implant; laboratory rat; mathematics; neurons; scanning electron microscopy; technology /technique development

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): An applied electric field can be used to modulate a neuron' s activity. Although the advantage of employing fields for implementation in the design of neural prosthetics was recognized from invertebrate research, the field lay fallow for nearly a decade. Over the past five years, we have moved this field forward significantly. In recent papers, we have demonstrated that a DC electric field could be used to suppress or enhance epileptiform activity in hippocampal slices (Gluckman, et al., 1996a), and, when applied adaptively, could turn off seizures indefinitely (Gluckman, et al., 2001). One advantage of using electric fields to interact with neuronal networks is that, if properly instrumented, it can be done simultaneously with ongoing measurement of neuronal activity. Therefore, feedback can be easily implemented. But, one of the reasons electric fields have not been pursued is that readily available measurement and stimulation electronics are not easily adaptable for use with electric field stimulation. In addition, until recently, biocompatible electrode materials with sufficient charge passing capacity to produce sustained electric fields were not available. The aims of this project are to translate our existing seizure control techniques for chronic in vivo animal use. This will require design of instrumentation for simultaneously stimulating with electric fields and recording neuronal activity in intact brain, to establish safety limits for biocompatible electrodes under electric field stimulation, and to develop and test feedback seizure control algorithms. The instrumentation and methods developed will be prototypes of a novel neuronal interface based on electric field stimulation. Such an interface would lay the groundwork for a new generation of medical devices to treat dynamical diseases of the brain such as epilepsy, to provide an interface for neuronal prosthetics, as well as provide an arsenal of new tools for probing the complex dynamics of neuronal systems.

描述（由申请人提供）： 施加的电场可用于调节神经元的活性。尽管通过无脊椎动物的研究确认了使用领域在神经假体设计中实施的优势，但该领域的休耕近十年。在过去的五年中，我们已经大大推动了这一领域。在最近的论文中，我们证明了DC电场可用于抑制或增强海马切片中的癫痫样活性（Gluckman等，1996a），并且在适应性地应用时，可以无限期地关闭癫痫发作（Gluckman等人，等等，等等，2001年）。 使用电场与神经元网络相互作用的一个优点是，如果适当的仪器，可以同时进行神经元活动的测量。因此，可以轻松实施反馈。但是，没有追求电场的原因之一是，很容易可用的测量和刺激电子设备可用于电场刺激。此外，直到最近，还没有足够的电荷传递能力来产生持续电场的生物相容性电极材料。 该项目的目的是翻译我们现有的癫痫发作控制技术，用于慢性体内动物使用。这将需要设计仪器，以同时刺激电场并记录完整大脑中的神经元活性，以在电场刺激下建立生物相容性电极的安全限制，并开发和测试反馈癫痫发作控制算法。 开发的仪器和方法将是基于电场刺激的新型神经元界面的原型。这样的界面将为新一代的医疗设备奠定基础，以治疗大脑的动态疾病，例如癫痫，为神经元假体提供界面，并为探索神经元系统复杂动力学的新工具提供了库。