The Contribution of Stressful Life Events and Insufficient Sleep to Reward-Related Brain Function and Depression in Adolescent Girls

压力生活事件和睡眠不足对青春期女孩奖励相关的大脑功能和抑郁的影响

• 批准号: 8934153
• 负责人: Melynda D Casement
• 金额: $ 15.61万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-09-25 至 2018-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8934153
• 关键词: 19 year old; 20 year old; Accounting; Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adolescent and Young Adult; Affective; Age; Amygdaloid structure; Anhedonia; Behavior; Behavior assessment; Behavioral; Brain; Brain region; Buffers; Characteristics; Child; Chronic; Circadian Rhythms; Clinic; Communities; Corpus striatum structure; Data; Data Analyses; Development; Dimensions; Disease; Emotions; Environment; Event; Female Adolescents; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Future; Health; Hour; Incidence; Intervention; Life; Life Stress; Link; Measures; Medial; Mediating; Mental Depression; Mental disorders; Mentored Research Scientist Development Award; Mentors; Mentorship; Modeling; National Institute of Mental Health; Neurobiology; Neurosciences; Neurosciences Research; Participant; Performance; Phase; Physiological; Positive Valence; Prefrontal Cortex; Psychopathology; Puberty; Recruitment Activity; Relative (related person); Reporting; Research; Research Domain Criteria; Research Methodology; Research Personnel; Research Priority; Research Training; Rewards; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Sampling; Schedule; Sleep; Stimulus; Stress; System; Testing; Time; Training; Universities; actigraphy; affective neuroscience; behavioral response; biological adaptation to stress; cognitive neuroscience; cognitive process; college; depressive symptoms; emerging adult; experience; girls; interest; neural circuit; neurodevelopment; novel; pleasure; prevent; prospective; relating to nervous system; response; reward circuitry; reward processing; skills; stress reactivity; stressor

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This Mentored Research Scientist Development Award (K01) will provide the candidate with advanced training in developmental affective neuroscience and psychopathology. The proposed research will test a novel neurodevelopmental model of depression in which stressful life events and insufficient sleep increase risk for depression in adolescents by disrupting the development of reward-related neural circuitry. Two studies are proposed to test this model of depression. The first study will evaluate whether neural and behavioral response to rewards and depressive symptoms are associated with daily stressful life events and sleep duration from the previous week. Participants for this study will be recruited from an ongoing longitudinal fMRI study of neural reward circuitry and risk for depression in adolescent girls. The second study will evaluate whether increasing sleep duration can increase neural and behavioral response to rewards and decrease depressive symptoms in 18- to 20-year-old girls with insufficient sleep and depressive symptoms. Participants for this study will be recruited from university and college health clinics and the surrounding community. In combination, these studies will help characterize reward processing as a putative mechanism of depression onset and provide data on the efficacy of sleep extension as an intervention for depressive symptoms in late adolescent girls. The candidate has expertise in several domains relevant to the proposed project, including affective bias in depression, the role of sleep in cognitive processing and psychopathology, and cognitive neuroscience research methods. She will build on this experience through her K01 by developing expertise in: 1) reward circuit neurodevelopment in late adolescence; 2) stressful life events and physiological stress-reactivity; 3) sleep and circadian rhythms; and 4) advanced skills for longitudinal data analysis. The University of Pittsburgh is an ideal environment to accomplish these research and training aims for two reasons. First, the applicant's selected mentors, Drs. Erika Forbes and Martica Hall, are both highly successful independent investigators with extensive mentorship experience and collective expertise in stress and sleep as risk factors for aberrant development of reward-related neural circuitry and depressive symptoms. Second, the University of Pittsburgh is one of the premier centers for affective developmental neuroscience and sleep research. The proposed research and training plan will contribute to a future R01 application that will examine neural and behavioral response to rewards and neural and physiological response to stress longitudinally as mechanisms of psychopathology in adolescents. This application is consistent with priorities outlined by the National Institute of Mental Health for research on the development and function of neural circuits, mechanisms and modifiers of aberrant developmental trajectories with a focus on periods of sensitivity to disruption, and Research Domain Criteria standards for research on basic dimensions of functioning (e.g., positive valence systems) that are relevant to psychopathology.

描述（由申请人提供）：该导师研究科学家发展奖（K01）将为候选人提供发展情感神经科学和精神病理学方面的高级培训。拟议的研究将测试一种新的抑郁症神经发育模型，在该模型中，压力生活事件和睡眠不足会破坏与奖励相关的神经回路的发育，从而增加青少年患抑郁症的风险。两项研究被提议来测试这种抑郁模型。第一项研究将评估对奖励和抑郁症状的神经和行为反应是否与日常压力生活事件和前一周的睡眠时间有关。这项研究的参与者将从一项正在进行的纵向功能磁共振成像研究中招募，该研究涉及青春期女孩的神经奖励回路和抑郁风险。第二项研究将评估增加睡眠时间是否可以增加对奖励的神经和行为反应，并减少睡眠不足和抑郁症状的 18 至 20 岁女孩的抑郁症状。这项研究的参与者将从大学和学院健康诊所以及周边社区招募。总的来说，这些研究将有助于将奖励处理描述为抑郁症发病的一种假定机制，并提供延长睡眠作为青春期晚期女孩抑郁症状干预措施的功效的数据。该候选人在与拟议项目相关的多个领域拥有专业知识，包括抑郁症的情感偏差、睡眠在认知处理和精神病理学中的作用以及认知神经科学研究方法。她将在 K01 的基础上发展以下方面的专业知识：1）青春期后期的奖励回路神经发育； 2) 生活压力事件和生理应激反应； 3）睡眠和昼夜节律； 4) 纵向数据分析的高级技能。匹兹堡大学是实现这些研究和培训目标的理想环境，原因有二。首先，申请人选择的导师Drs。埃里卡·福布斯 (Erika Forbes) 和玛蒂卡·霍尔 (Martica Hall) 都是非常成功的独立研究者，在压力和睡眠作为奖励相关神经回路和抑郁症状异常发展的危险因素方面拥有丰富的指导经验和集体专业知识。其次，匹兹堡大学是情感发育神经科学和睡眠研究的主要中心之一。拟议的研究和培训计划将有助于未来的 R01 应用，该应用将纵向检查对奖励的神经和行为反应以及对压力的神经和生理反应，作为青少年精神病理学的机制。该应用程序符合国家心理健康研究所概述的关于神经回路的发育和功能、异常发育轨迹的机制和修饰物的研究的优先事项，重点是对破坏的敏感时期，以及研究领域的标准与精神病理学相关的功能的基本维度（例如正价系统）。