PARENT RESPONSE EFFECTS ON INFANT GESTURAL BABBLE

父母的反应对婴儿牙牙学语的影响

• 批准号: 2014817
• 负责人: SUSAN NAEVE-VELGUTH
• 金额: $ 4.88万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-01-01 至 1998-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2014817
• 关键词: attention; behavioral /social science research tag; child (0-11); child behavior; clinical research; deafness; human subject; infant human (0-1 year); learning; paralinguistic behavior; parent offspring interaction; psychological models; psychological reinforcement; videotape /videodisc

The overall goal of this research program is to investigate the role of parent behavior on the development of repetitive arm, hand, and finger movements in young infants-gestures that have recently been studied as an analog to infant vocal babble. Specifically, this project will investigate the responsiveness of parents to these repetitive infant gestures and will experimentally test the role of parental reinforcement on their production over time. Taking a Dynamic Systems approach, the overall hypothesis is that children are born with innate predispositions to produce behaviors that appear to adults as very speech- or sign-like- repetitive vocalizations and gestures, respectively. As children mature, they have an expanding "pool' of motor behaviors that may be used in various contexts. In contexts where these behaviors are functional (e.g. parents respond to and reinforce them), they are maintained and continue to pull from the available pool. In contexts where they are not functional, they do not change and eventually drop out. The present project will consist of two longitudinal small-sample studies and one large-sample study of adult responsiveness to repetitive infant gestures. In Study 1 of the present project, the responses of hearing parents to repetitive gestures produced by their hearing infants from 6 to 12 months of age will be studied and compared to those of deaf, American Sign Language (ASL)-signing parents of deaf infants. These data will provide information about the natural responses of parents, both hearing and deaf, to repetitive babble-like gestures produced by young infants. In Study 2, the ability of hearing, nonsigning adults to identify repetitive infant gestures from a "background' of ongoing infant motor activity will be assessed. These data will provide new information about the potential of hearing adults to recognize babble-like gestures in young infants. In Study 3, the effect of parent reinforcement on repetitive infant gestures will be experimentally tested by training hearing parents to provide social reinforcement for nonreferential repetitive gestures produced by their hearing infants between 6 and 16 months of age. These data will inform our models of language learning by examining the role of parent responsitivity in the development of a manual form of prelinguistic babble and provide clinically relevant information about gestural parent- child interaction-important to programs encouraging gestural communication between hearing parents and deaf children.

该研究计划的总体目标是调查 父母在重复手臂，手和手指的发展方面的行为 最近研究的年轻婴儿饰物的运动 对婴儿声乐的类似物。具体来说，这个项目将 调查父母对这些重复婴儿的反应 手势并将通过实验测试父母强化的作用 随着时间的流逝。采用动态系统方法， 总体上假设是孩子天生具有先天的倾向 产生对成年人看起来非常言语或标志的行为 重复的发声和手势。随着孩子的成熟， 他们有一个扩展的“运动行为库”，可以使用 各种环境。在这些行为功能性的上下文中（例如 父母回应并加强他们），维护并继续 从可用的游泳池中拉出。在他们不是的情况下 功能性，它们不会改变并最终退出。现在 项目将包括两项纵向小样本研究和一个 对重复婴儿手势的成人反应能力的大样本研究。 在本项目的研究1中，听力父母对 听力婴儿从6到12个月产生的重复手势 年龄将与聋人，美国标志的年龄进行比较 语言（ASL） - 聋哑婴儿的父母。这些数据将提供 关于父母的自然反应的信息，无论是听力还是 聋哑人，是由年轻婴儿产生的重复性bably般的手势。在 研究2，听力的能力，非签名成年人确定重复性的 来自正在进行的婴儿运动活动的“背景”的婴儿手势将 被评估。这些数据将提供有关潜力的新信息 听到成年人认识到年轻婴儿的辣椒样手势。在 研究3，父母增强对重复婴儿手势的影响 将通过培训听力父母提供实验测试 社会强化，以实现非指定重复手势 他们6到16个月大的听力婴儿。这些数据将 通过检查父母的角色来告知我们的语言学习模型 响应性在制定前语言的手动形式 Babble并提供有关男性父母的临床相关信息 - 儿童互动至关重要的计划鼓励手势 听力父母和聋哑儿童之间的沟通。