Psychobiology, Self-regulatory & Psychopathology

心理生物学，自我调节

• 批准号: 7027732
• 负责人: SUSAN D CALKINS
• 金额: $ 11.22万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA GREENSBORO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-03-01 至 2010-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7027732
• 关键词: attention deficit disorder; behavior test; behavioral /social science research tag; child (0-11); child behavior disorders; child rearing; clinical research; cognition; conduct disorder; conflict; data collection methodology /evaluation; developmental psychology; family structure /dynamics; gender difference; human subject; longitudinal human study; oppositional defiant disorder; peer group; psychological adaptation; psychopathology; questionnaires; self concept; social adjustment; socioenvironment; sociometry; violence

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Recent research in clinical and developmental psychology has focused on the processes that lead to childhood adjustment problems. This research demonstrates that many adjustment problems of childhood are characterized by failures of self-regulation. Difficulties in the regulation of arousal and behavior are related to specific disorders of childhood, including attention deficit disorder and conduct problems, and related problems in family relationships, social competence, and school performance. Recent work by the Principal Investigator demonstrates that the construct of self-regulation may be usefully studied using a multi-component approach that specifies discrete levels of self-regulation (physiological, attentional, emotional, behavioral, and cognitive). Longitudinal research that the Principal Investigator has been conducting over the last ten years, following several cohorts of infants and children, has utilized this multi-component approach. The K02 award period will be used to continue work on the role of self-regulatory process in early childhood behavior disorders and to expand the Principal Investigator 's expertise in 4 core areas that will contribute to the elaboration of this model of self-regulation and developmental psychopathology. The specific aims are to: (1) further examine sub-domains of self-regulation, with specific emphasis on the cognitive skills that are characteristic of infants and children; (2) understand the possible genetic and biological contributions to self-regulation and developmental psychopathology, particularly in the context of specific rearing environments; (3) examine environmental effects on trajectories of self-regulation, particularly family processes and marital functioning; and (4) acquire skills that would facilitate the longitudinal analyses of trajectories of self-regulation and behavior problems of childhood. The goal of this award will be to initiate work on a new longitudinal study of infant and child psychopathology. This study will focus on genetic, biological, and contextual risks that affect the development of core.regulatory processes in the context of family conflict and.violence.

描述（由申请人提供）：最近的临床和发展心理学研究重点关注导致儿童适应问题的过程。这项研究表明，童年时期的许多适应问题都以自我调节失败为特征。调节觉醒和行为的困难与儿童时期的特定疾病有关，包括注意力缺陷障碍和行为问题，以及家庭关系、社交能力和学校表现方面的相关问题。首席研究员最近的工作表明，可以使用多成分方法来有效地研究自我调节的结构，该方法指定了自我调节的离散水平（生理、注意力、情绪、行为和认知）。首席研究员在过去十年中对几组婴儿和儿童进行的纵向研究采用了这种多成分方法。 K02 奖励期将用于继续研究自我调节过程在儿童早期行为障碍中的作用，并扩大首席研究员在 4 个核心领域的专业知识，这将有助于详细阐述这种自我调节模型和发展精神病理学。具体目标是：（1）进一步研究自我调节的子领域，特别强调婴儿和儿童特有的认知技能； (2) 了解遗传和生物学对自我调节和发育精神病理学的可能贡献，特别是在特定的饲养环境中； (3) 检查环境对自我调节轨迹的影响，特别是家庭进程和婚姻功能； (4) 获得有助于对儿童自我调节轨迹和行为问题进行纵向分析的技能。该奖项的目标是启动一项新的婴儿和儿童精神病理学纵向研究工作。这项研究将重点关注在家庭冲突和暴力背景下影响核心监管过程发展的遗传、生物和背景风险。