Seminal Microbiota Associated with Inflammation and HIV Transmission

精液微生物群与炎症和艾滋病毒传播相关

• 批准号: 9221010
• 负责人: Deborah J Anderson
• 金额: $ 24.68万
• 依托单位: BOSTON UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CAMPUS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-08-16 至 2018-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9221010
• 关键词: AIDS prevention; AIDS/HIV problem; Address; Affect; Anaerobic Bacteria; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Anti-inflammatory; Antibiotics; Anus; Archives; Awareness; Bacteria; Cells; Chlamydia trachomatis; Gene Amplification; Genital system; Goals; HIV; HIV Infections; Heterosexuals; High Prevalence; Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy; Hygiene; Incidence; Infection; Inflammation; Inflammatory; Leukocytes; Male Genital Organs; Neisseria gonorrhoeae; Pattern; Play; Population; Predisposition; Prevalence; Prevention strategy; Probiotics; Recruitment Activity; Rectum; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Sampling; Sampling Studies; Seminal; Seminal fluid; Sex Behavior; Simplexvirus; Swab; Syndrome; Techniques; Urethra; Urine; Viral Load result; cohort; cytokine; genital microbiome; high risk; inflammatory marker; insight; men; men who have sex with men; microbiome; microbiota; neutrophil; pathogen; penis foreskin; rRNA Genes; rectal; rectal microbicide; reproductive tract; sex; sexual HIV transmission; sexually active; transmission process

Men who have sex with men (MSM) are at high risk for HIV transmission and acquisition. MSM have a high prevalence of an asymptomatic genital tract inflammatory syndrome, called leukocytospermia (LCS), characterized by elevated concentrations of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (≥106/ml), proinflammatory cytokines and HIV host cells in semen. We and others have shown that LCS is highly associated with seminal HIV shedding. Although it is widely suspected that LCS has an infectious origin, etiologic agents have not been conclusively identified. We propose to use archived semen samples from a recent study on HIV in semen of sexually active MSM on HAART to identify specific microbiota that are associated with LCS, proinflammatory cytokines, and seminal HIV shedding. We hypothesize that the high prevalence of LCS and HIV in semen of MSM is attributable to colonization of the male genital tract with proinflammatory anaerobic bacteria of rectal origin. We will also compare the microbiome and inflammation markers in prospectively collected semen and other genital samples from sexually active HIV-uninfected MSM and heterosexual men to further establish a relationship between MSM sexual behavior, microflora and inflammation, and to address the possibility that inflammatory microflora increase the risk of HIV acquisition in uninfected MSM. The goal of this project is to provide insight into new potentially preventable or treatable risk factors for HIV transmission in MSM to reduce the high prevalence of HIV/AIDS in this population.

男男性行为者 (MSM) 传播和感染艾滋病毒的风险很高。 MSM 的无症状生殖道炎症综合征患病率很高，称为 白细胞精子症（LCS），其特征是多形核细胞浓度升高 精液中的白细胞（≥106/ml）、促炎细胞因子和 HIV 宿主细胞 We 等人。 已经表明 LCS 与精液 HIV 脱落高度相关，尽管这种情况广泛存在。 怀疑 LCS 具有传染性，但病因尚未确定 我们建议使用最近一项关于精液中艾滋病毒的研究中存档的精液样本。 HAART 上性活跃的 MSM 以确定与 LCS 相关的特定微生物群， 促炎细胞因子和精液 HIV 脱落。 MSM 精液中 LCS 和 HIV 的流行归因于男性生殖器的定植 我们还将比较直肠来源的促炎厌氧细菌。 前瞻性收集的精液和其他生殖器中的微生物组和炎症标记物 来自性活跃但未感染 HIV 的 MSM 和异性恋男性的样本，以进一步建立 MSM 性行为、微生物群和炎症之间的关系，并解决 炎症微生物群可能会增加未感染的 MSM 感染 HIV 的风险。 该项目的目标是深入了解新的潜在可预防或可治疗的风险 男男性接触者中艾滋病毒传播的因素，以降低该地区艾滋病毒/艾滋病的高流行率 人口。