Examining Time and Nutrient Dependent Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Energy Metabolism in Adults with Overweight and Obesity

检查有氧运动对超重和肥胖成人能量代谢的时间和营养依赖性影响

• 批准号: 10886945
• 负责人: Seth A Creasy
• 金额: $ 68.34万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-01 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10886945
• 关键词: Acclimatization; Acute; Adult; Aerobic Exercise; Affect; Blood; Body Temperature; Body Weight; Body Weight Changes; Body Weight decreased; Body mass index; Catecholamines; Clinical Data; Controlled Study; Cross-Over Studies; Data; Data Set; Diet; Eating; Energy Metabolism; Enrollment; Exercise; Fasting; Fatty Acids; Fatty acid glycerol esters; Feasibility Studies; Future; Glycogen; Heart Rate; Hormonal; Hour; Indirect Calorimetry; Inpatients; Intervention; Investigation; Literature; Macronutrients Nutrition; Measurement; Measures; Metabolic; Metabolic Diseases; Metabolism; Motivation; Mus; Nonesterified Fatty Acids; Nutrient; Obesity; Overweight; Participant; Pathway interactions; Physical activity; Pilot Projects; Plasma; Public Health; Randomized; Regulation; Research; Research Design; Rodent Model; Running; Schedule; Series; Sleep; Time; Tissues; VO2max; Visit; Weight; Workload; amino acid metabolism; beta-Hydroxybutyrate; efficacy testing; energy balance; exercise adherence; exercise training; improved; lipid metabolism; metabolomics; optimal treatments; oxidation; physiologic stressor; pre-clinical; preclinical study; public health priorities; response; secondary analysis; sedentary; sedentary lifestyle; success; total energy expenditure

PROJECT SUMMARY & ABSTRACT Does time of day of exercise and nutrient status prior to exercise affect the 24-hour (h) metabolic response? The objective of this proposal is to determine the effect of aerobic exercise performed in the morning (AM) or evening (PM) under fasted and fed conditions on 24h energy expenditure (EE), substrate oxidation, hormonal profiles, and key metabolites in adults with overweight and obesity. Nearly two-thirds of US adults who attempt to lose weight engage in exercise as a primary strategy. However, weight loss from exercise alone is highly variable and less than predicted. Thus, strategies to enhance weight and fat loss from aerobic exercise are desperately needed. Two promising strategies that may help to promote fat loss are exercising in the morning and exercising while fasted. Our preliminary data, as well as others’ data, suggest that morning exercise promotes greater fat loss, and this enhanced fat loss may be due to increased EE and fat oxidation. Further, engaging in aerobic exercise in the post-absorptive state (fasted) has been shown to increase fat oxidation, free fatty acid mobilization, transient energy deficit, and β-hydroxybutyrate concentration compared to post-prandial (fed) exercise. These clinical data are supported by several recent preclinical studies delineating the energetic responses to AM vs. PM exercise in rodent models. Importantly, AM exercise favors fatty acid and amino acid metabolism while PM exercise enriches glycolytic pathways. One limitation of these preclinical investigations is that nutrient status prior to exercise (fasted vs. fed) was not controlled and evaluated. Nutrient status affects subsequent energy metabolism with fasted exercise promoting glycogen depletion and fatty acid mobilization. Therefore, fasted AM exercise may be the optimal treatment paradigm for promoting fat loss. However, a rigorously controlled study examining the effect of both exercise timing and nutrient status during exercise on 24h energy metabolism is needed. In the proposed study, adults with overweight or obesity will complete a baseline, no-exercise control visit, followed by 4 exercise conditions (Fasted-AM, Fed-AM, Fasted-PM, Fed- PM) in a randomized order, separated by a 2-5 week washout period. Each condition will include an acclimation period, eucaloric and macronutrient-controlled diet, and control of physical activity, sleep, and meal timing. This study will measure 24h components of EE and substrate oxidation using whole-room indirect calorimetry (Aim 1) and untargeted and targeted plasma metabolites and hormonal/energy profiles (Aim 2). Plasma metabolites and hormonal/energy profiles will be examined using serial blood draws immediately following exercise every 1- 2h across the 24h in-patient visit. The central hypothesis is that fasted AM exercise will result in the most robust metabolic response that is optimal for fat and weight loss followed by Fasted-PM, Fed-AM, Fed-PM, respectively. The study is significant as it could identify a practicable strategy to enhance weight and fat loss. Further, findings from this study could identify the “optimal metabolic response” for exercise treatment of other metabolic diseases.

项目摘要和摘要 运动前的一天中的时间和养分状态是否会影响24小时（H）代谢反应？这 该提案的目的是确定早晨（AM）进行的有氧运动的影响 （PM）在24h能量消耗（EE），底物氧化，荷尔蒙曲线的禁食和喂养条件下 以及超重和肥胖的成年人中的关键代谢产物。我们试图输掉的成年人中有近三分之二 体重作为主要策略。但是，仅运动量减肥是高度可变的 而且少于预期。这就是有氧运动的增加体重和减轻脂肪的策略是拼命的 需要。早晨行使两种可能有助于促进脂肪减少的有前途的策略，并行使 禁食。我们的初步数据以及其他数据表明，早晨锻炼会促进更大的脂肪 损失，这种增强的脂肪流失可能是由于EE和脂肪氧化增加所致。此外，从事有氧运动 表现出在吸收后状态（禁食）的运动可以增加脂肪氧化，游离脂肪酸 与餐后（FED）相比 锻炼。这些临床数据得到了一些描述能量列列克的近期临床前研究的支持 对啮齿动物模型中对AM与PM运动的响应。重要的是，AM运动有利于脂肪酸和氨基酸 代谢时，PM运动富集了糖酵解途径。这些临床前研究的局限性是 运动前的营养状况（禁食与美联储）未经控制和评估。营养状况会影响 随后的能量代谢，禁食的运动促进糖原耗竭和脂肪酸动员。 因此，禁食的AM运动可能是促进脂肪流失的最佳治疗范式。但是， 严格控制的研究研究了运动时间和养分状态在锻炼过程中的影响 需要24小时能量代谢。在拟议的研究中，超重或肥胖的成年人将完成 基线，无运动控制访问，其次是4种运动条件（禁食，联邦政府，禁食，PM，Fed- PM）以随机顺序为2-5周的冲洗期。每个条件都将包括适应 时期，欧洲和大量营养素控制的饮食，以及控制体育锻炼，睡眠和进餐时间。这 研究将使用全室间接量热法测量EE和底物氧化的24小时组件（AIM 1），未靶向和靶向的血浆代谢产物和激素/能量谱（AIM 2）。血浆代谢产物 每1-- 在24小时的住院访问中为2小时。中心假设是禁食的锻炼将导致最健壮 分别对脂肪和体重减轻的代谢反应分别是禁食PM，FED-AM，FED-PM。 该研究很重要，因为它可以确定一种实用策略来增强体重和脂肪的减少。此外，发现 从这项研究中可以确定对其他代谢疾病的运动治疗的“最佳代谢反应”。