The Causal Impact of Poverty Reduction on Housing Conditions of Low-Income, U.S. Children and the Role of Housing and Neighborhood Ecosystems on Young Children's Healthy Development

减贫对美国低收入儿童住房条件的因果影响以及住房和邻里生态系统对幼儿健康发展的作用

• 批准号: 10678527
• 负责人: Laura Rose Stilwell
• 金额: $ 4.05万
• 依托单位: DUKE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-01 至 2025-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10678527
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Age; Area; Asthma; Behavioral; Brain; Caring; Characteristics; Child; Child Development; Child Health; Child Welfare; Childhood; Clinical; Code; Cognitive; Control Groups; Crime; Crowding; Data; Data Sources; Dedications; Development; Dimensions; Economics; Ecosystem; Education; Eligibility Determination; Emotional; Ensure; Environment; Face; Family; Family Process; Fellowship; Funding; Goals; Grouping; Health; Home; Household; Housing; Income; Infant; Injury; Knowledge; Language Development; Linear Regressions; Link; Low income; Measures; Mediating; Mediation; Medical; Mental Health; Mentorship; Methods; Modeling; Mothers; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; Neighborhoods; Outcome; Parents; Participant; Physicians; Policies; Pollution; Positioning Attribute; Poverty; Property; Qualifying; Randomized, Controlled Trials; Reporting; Research; Resources; Risk; Role; Sampling; Scientist; Shapes; Statistical Methods; Surveys; Taxes; Time; Toddler; Training; Work; age group; behavioral health; cost; design; early childhood; experience; improved; insight; lower income families; nutrition; physical conditioning; poverty reduction; programs; public health research; skills; success

1 PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT 2 The increasingly limited availability of affordable housing paired with a shortage in provision of federal rental 3 assistance among eligible families means millions of low-income, U.S. children live in unstable and/or substand- 4 ard-quality housing – conditions which have been linked to a range of adverse child health and development 5 outcomes. The lack of affordable housing in low-poverty neighborhoods further contributes to families living in 6 crowded housing conditions and/or residing in neighborhoods that expose children to stressful, unsafe environ- 7 ments. Although infants and toddlers experience the highest rates of childhood poverty and spend a substantial 8 portion of their time at home, there exists little evidence assessing the impact of adverse housing and neighbor- 9 hood conditions specifically on the health and development of this age group. Moreover, as less than 25% of 10 eligible, low-income families with young children receiving housing assistance, there is need to understand 11 whether other anti-poverty programs can help improve housing conditions for these children and their families. 12 The proposed research seeks to address these knowledge gaps and provide scientific evidence to inform 13 the design of anti-poverty programs that aim to improve early housing and neighborhood environments for low- 14 income children. By using data from Baby’s First Years (BFY) – a randomized control trial evaluating the impact 15 of a monthly, unconditional cash transfer (UCT) to low-income, U.S. mothers and their young children (NICHD 16 R01HD087384) – this research will provide a rich understanding of the housing and neighborhood ecosystems 17 low-income infants and toddlers (0-3 years) inhabit and how these environments impact their healthy develop- 18 ment. Aim 1 estimates the causal impacts of the UCT on housing affordability, composition, stability, and quality 19 using a multivariate linear regression model. Aim 2 conducts latent class analysis using the control sample to 20 identify configurations of housing and neighborhood ecosystems experienced by BFY participants and then eval- 21 uates how these configurations influence young children’s (0-3 years) physical health, use of medical care, be- 22 havioral and socioemotional development, and language acquisition. Aim 3 investigates the mediating role of 23 housing and neighborhood conditions on young children’s healthy development using the same outcome 24 measures as Aim 2. 25 This fellowship application is designed to provide the PI with training in advanced statistical methods 26 critical for conducting policy and public health research, as well as opportunities to maximize the policy relevance 27 of her work, gain further clinical experience, and build professional skills critical to success as an academic 28 scholar. Her proposed research, training plan, and highly qualified, interdisciplinary mentorship team will ensure 29 she is well-positioned to achieve her long-term goal of becoming an independent physician-scientist dedicated 30 to using rigorous, policy-driven research to improve the health and well-being of children and their families.

1个项目摘要/摘要 2经济适用房的可用性越来越有限，并在提供联邦租金方面的短缺 3符合条件的家庭的援助意味着数百万的低收入，美国儿童生活在不稳定和/或不稳定中 - 4个ARD质量住房 - 与一系列不良儿童健康与发展有关的条件 5个结果。低贫困社区缺乏负担得起的住房进一步促进了生活的家庭 6个拥挤的住房条件和/或居住在使儿童承受压力，不安全环境的社区中 - 7件。尽管婴儿和幼儿经历了最高的童年贫困率，并花费大量费用 8部分时间里的一部分，几乎没有证据评估不良住房和邻居的影响 - 9引擎盖条件专门针对该年龄段的健康和发展。此外，少于25％ 10个有资格的低收入家庭有年幼的孩子获得住房援助，需要了解 11其他反贫困计划是否可以帮助改善这些儿童及其家人的住房状况。 12拟议的研究旨在解决这些知识差距，并提供科学证据以告知 13反贫困计划的设计，旨在改善早期住房和邻里环境 14个收入儿童。通过使用婴儿第一年（BFY）的数据 - 一项评估影响的随机对照试验 每月一次，无条件的现金转移（UCT）到低收入，美国母亲及其幼儿（NICHD）的15 16 R01HD087384） - 这项研究将对住房和邻里生态系统有丰富的了解 17名低收入婴儿和幼儿（0 - 3年）的影响以及这些环境如何影响其健康发展 - 18。 AIM 1估计UCT对住房可用性，组成，稳定性和质量的因果影响 19使用多元线性回归模型。 AIM 2使用控制样本进行潜在类分析 20确定BFY参与者经历的住房和邻里生态系统的配置，然后进行评估 21这些配置如何影响幼儿（0-3岁）身体健康，医疗保健的使用， 22 Havioral和社会情感发展以及语言获取。 AIM 3调查了中介作用 23使用相同结果的幼儿健康发展的住房和邻里状况 24个措施作为目标2。 25该奖学金申请旨在为PI提供高级统计方法的培训 26进行政策和公共卫生研究至关重要，以及最大化政策相关性的机会 她的27个工作，获得进一步的临床经验，并建立对成功至关重要的专业技能 28学者。她提出的研究，培训计划和高素质的跨学科指导团队将确保 29她的态度很好，可以实现成为独立的身体科学家的长期目标 30使用严格的，政策驱动的研究来改善儿童及其家人的健康和福祉。