Innovative Sorbents for Stabilizing Per- and Polyfluoroalky Substances (PFAS) in Soil Contaminated by Aqueous Film-forming Foam (AFFF)

用于稳定受水成膜泡沫 (AFFF) 污染的土壤中的全氟和多氟烷基物质 (PFAS) 的创新吸附剂

• 批准号: 10697401
• 负责人: Tao Jiang
• 金额: $ 17.21万
• 依托单位: REGENERATIVE SOLUTIONS, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-05-18 至 2025-04-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10697401
• 关键词: Acceleration; Alfalfa; Binding; Biological; Biological Availability; Carbon; Chemicals; Dedications; Ecosystem; Electrostatics; Engineering; Environment; Equilibrium; Evaluation; Film; Fluorine; Food Chain; Generations; Goals; Growth; Health; Human; Hydrogen; Hydrogen Bonding; Hydrophobic Interactions; Individual; Innovation Corps; Investigation; Ion Exchange; Knowledge; Lead; Length; Location; Marketing; Methanol; Methods; Minerals; Modeling; Movement; Nature; Pathway interactions; Performance; Phase; Plants; Poly-fluoroalkyl substances; Process; Protocols documentation; Reporting; Research; Resistance; Resolution; Site; Soil; Sorting; Speed; Structure; System; Technology; Testing; Time; United States National Institutes of Health; Vertebral column; Water; Work; aqueous; chemical group; clay; commercialization; contaminated water; cost; cost effective; covalent bond; design; experience; functional group; innovation; insight; instrument; invention; migration; next generation; novel; plant growth/development; prevent; programs; remediation; solid state nuclear magnetic resonance; substance use; success; tool; uptake

Project Summary/Abstract: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a group of chemicals consisting of thousands of synthetic organic compounds in which the hydrogen atoms bound to the carbon backbones are fully or partially substituted with fluorine. Due to their widespread use, PFAS are detected ubiquitously. Owing to the nature of PFAS being persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic, cleaning up PFAS contaminated environments has been an urgent task globally. While numerous technologies, for example chemical, biological, thermochemical, sonochemical, etc. have been studied and used for removing PFAS from contaminated environments, none of these are without any drawbacks. In many cases, the intentional remediation processes that are often cost- and/or energy intensive, lead to generation of un-desired degradation products and/or secondary contamination. To avoid these potential negative effects, stabilization that seeks to retain PFAS in its original environment for long-term has gained momentum in recent years. To promote the formation of bound residues (BR) between PFAS and soil, different sorbents have demonstrated different capabilities. Even the best sorbent on the market, however, is not able to bind PFAS stable enough to withstand extraction by basic methanol. Additionally, sorption of short-chain PFAS and precursors has been a huge challenge for all sorts of sorbents. We propose here to test our newly synthesized sorbents with respect to forming stable BR in the soil-sorbent-plant systems. Our preliminary studies have shown that the three top-performing sorbents have higher sorption capacity and faster rate than those commercially available. In this Phase I proposal, we plan to understand the leachability and bioavailability of three types of PFAS in the near real-world mesocosms. Besides mass balance of the PFAS, correlations between BR and other parameters, such as soil total organic carbon content, PFAS chain length and functional group, precursor transformation, and growth of and uptake of PFAS by alfalfa will be established. In addition to having a deep understanding of PFAS transformation, distribution, and stabilization in the target systems, we propose to elucidate the BR structure and dynamics at the atomic level. This will benefit from a combination of chemical analysis and 19F solid-state NMR. Insights gained from these deep studies will enable us to fully understand the mechanisms controlling binding between PFAS, soil, and sorbent; pinpoint the deciding factors and parameters contributing to the formation of the strongest possible BR; and guide us in designing and engineering the next generation sorbents. Success of this project will lead to a cost-effective, scalable, and green approach for remediating sites contaminated by PFAS, reveal the binding mechanisms underlying BR formation, and result in novel sorbents for not only stabilizing PFAS in soil, but also for removing PFAS from contaminated water and beyond.

项目摘要/摘要：每氟烷基物质（PFA）是一组化学物质 由数千种合成有机化合物组成，其中氢原子结合到碳 骨干完全或部分用氟代替。由于它们的广泛使用，检测到PFA 无处不在。由于PFA的性质是持久，生物蓄积和有毒的，因此清理PFA 在全球范围内，受污染的环境一直是一项紧迫的任务。虽然许多技术，例如 已经研究了化学，生物学，热化学，声学药等 从受污染的环境中，这些都没有任何缺点。在许多情况下，有意 通常是成本和/或能源密集型的补救过程，导致不需要的生成 降解产物和/或二次污染。为了避免这些潜在的负面影响， 试图将PFA保留在其原始环境中长期的稳定已在 近年来。为了促进PFA和土壤之间的结合残基（BR）的形成，不同的吸附剂 已经展示了不同的功能。但是，即使是市场上最好的吸附剂也无法约束 PFA稳定足以承受碱性甲醇的提取。另外，短链PFA的吸附 对于各种吸附剂来说，前体一直是一个巨大的挑战。我们在这里提议测试我们的新 在土壤吸引植物系统中形成稳定的BR的合成吸附剂。我们的初步 研究表明，三个表现最佳吸附剂具有更高的吸附能力和更快的速度 比市售的那些。在此阶段我的建议中，我们计划了解润滑性和 在接近现实世界中的三种类型的PFA中的生物利用度。除了PFA的质量平衡， BR与其他参数之间的相关性，例如土壤总有机碳含量，PFAS链长度 以及苜蓿对PFA和摄取的功能组，前体转化以及摄取和增长将是 已确立的。除了对PFAS转换，分布和 目标系统中的稳定化，我们建议阐明原子质的BR结构和动力学 等级。这将受益于化学分析和19F固态NMR的组合。洞察力获得了 从这些深入研究将使我们能够充分了解控制结合的机制 PFA，土壤和吸附剂；查明有助于形成的决定因素和参数 最强的BR；并指导我们设计和工程下一代吸附剂。成功 该项目将导致一种经济高效，可扩展和绿色的方法，用于修复被污染的地点 PFA，揭示BR形成的结合机制，并导致新颖的吸附剂 在土壤中稳定PFA，还可以从污染的水及其他地区清除PFA。