Testing a Novel Theoretical Framework for the Human Medial Temporal Lobes in Perception and Memory During Spatial Navigation

测试人类内侧颞叶在空间导航过程中感知和记忆的新理论框架

• 批准号: 8949358
• 负责人: ARNE D EKSTROM
• 金额: $ 7.14万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-07-01 至 2017-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8949358
• 关键词: Affect; Attention; Behavior; Binding; Brain; Cognition; Cognitive; Cognitive Therapy; Cognitive remediation; Cues; Disease; Distal; Event; Goals; Grant; Hippocampus (Brain); Human; Impairment; Link; Literature; Location; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Maps; Measures; Medial; Memory; Memory impairment; Modeling; Outcome; Patients; Perception; Performance; Positioning Attribute; Process; Rattus; Recruitment Activity; Research; Resolution; Rest; Role; Seeds; Stroke; Structure; Temporal Lobe; Testing; Time; Training; Visual; Work; age group; base; cognitive function; improved; innovation; morris water maze; novel; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; research study; spatial memory; spatiotemporal; theories; tool; virtual; virtual reality; way finding

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of this project is to test a novel theoretical framework that relates memory and navigation functions of the human medial temporal lobes. While numerous studies in rats and humans suggest the importance of the medial temporal lobes to navigation and memory, these two functions remains poorly linked. Our theoretical framework argues that damage to the human medial temporal lobes results in deficits in both high-resolution perception and binding of details in memory. Thus, one prediction of this model is that patients with medial temporal lobe damage will show deficits in encoding high-resolution spatial details during navigation. This will manifest specifically in impairments in spatial precison during navigation rather than whether patients use distal landmarks (allocentric) or self-orientation (egocentric) cues to navigate. This contrasts with other models of navigation that suggest that MTL damage will impair allocentric but not egocentric navigation. We will test our model by having patients navigate a large arena, searching for a hidden platform, and compare their performance with a group of age and IQ matched healthy controls. A second prediction of our model is that medial temporal lobe damage will impair binding of spatiotemporal details during navigation. We will test this prediction of our model by comparing patient performance when they must remember multiple spatial locations over trials. We expect patient performance to worsen as a function of the number of locations they must remember compared to controls. This contrasts with the predictions of other models of navigation and memory, which suggest impairments in allocentric memory regardless of the number of locations the patient must remember. Our model thus provides novel yet testable predictions that this R03 seed grant will be instrumental in helping us to develop. Use of innovative tools such as virtual reality and high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) targeting the medial temporal lobes will also further our understanding of how neural disease such as stroke impacts both brain function and cognition more generally.

 描述（由申请人提供）：该项目的目标是测试一种与人类内侧颞叶的记忆和导航功能相关的新颖的理论框架，而对大鼠和人类的大量研究表明内侧颞叶对于导航和导航功能的重要性。记忆，这两个功能仍然缺乏联系，我们的理论框架认为，人类内侧颞叶的损伤会导致高分辨率感知和记忆细节结合的缺陷，因此，该模型的一个预测是内侧颞叶的患者。脑叶损伤将在导航过程中表现出编码高分辨率空间细节的缺陷，这将具体表现为导航过程中空间精度的损害，而不是患者使用远端标志（异向中心）或自我定向（自我中心）提示进行导航。其他导航模型表明，MTL 损伤会损害非中心导航，但不会损害以自我为中心的导航。我们将通过让患者在一个大的竞技场中导航、寻找一个隐藏的平台，并将他们的表现与一组不同年龄和不同年龄的人进行比较来测试我们的模型。智商与健康对照相匹配。我们模型的第二个预测是内侧颞叶损伤会损害导航过程中时空细节的结合，我们将通过比较患者在试验中必须记住多个空间位置时的表现来测试我们的模型的预测。与对照组相比，患者的表现随着他们必须记住的位置的数量而恶化，这与其他导航和记忆模型的预测形成鲜明对比，这表明无论患者必须记住的位置数量如何，同心记忆都会受损。因此模型提供了新颖的可检验的预测是，R03 种子基金将有助于帮助我们开发针对内侧颞叶的虚拟现实和高分辨率磁共振成像 (MRI) 等创新工具，也将进一步加深我们对神经疾病（例如神经疾病）的了解。中风更广泛地影响大脑功能和认知。