Gentrification, displacement, and health equity: Moving from risks to solutions

绅士化、流离失所和健康公平：从风险转向解决方案

• 批准号: 10536971
• 负责人: Shannon Whittaker
• 金额: $ 4.68万
• 依托单位: YALE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-08-01 至 2024-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10536971
• 关键词: Address; Affect; American; Area; Automobile Driving; Black Populations; Black race; Censuses; Color; Communication; Communities; Community Surveys; Complex; Connecticut; Crime; Data; Exclusion; Exposure to; Fellowship; Health; Health Promotion; Health behavior; Household; Housing; Individual; Infrastructure; Link; Low income; Measures; Mentors; Methodology; Methods; Modeling; National Health Interview Survey; Neighborhoods; Outcome; Pathway interactions; Perception; Personal Satisfaction; Persons; Policies; Politics; Population; Population Group; Probability; Process; Race; Recording of previous events; Reduce health disparities; Research; Research Methodology; Research Personnel; Resources; Risk; Rupture; Social Network; Specific qualifier value; Statistical Methods; Stress; Structural Racism; Structure; Supermarket; Time; Typology; Urban Community; Urban Health; Work; base; career; community engagement; concept mapping; cost; design; displaced person; experience; health equity; health inequalities; longitudinal analysis; marginalized population; minority communities; multidisciplinary; population health; racial and ethnic; tool; working class

Project Summary/Abstract Gentrification is a significant determinant of health. As a multi-staged process of urban change that occurs in historically disinvested neighborhoods, gentrification may increase access and availability to health promoting resources such as supermarkets, parks and other recreational facilities, and public infrastructure, for some; and rupture social networks, increase the cost of housing and other goods, and displace people and risks, for others. Despite clear connections to health outcomes, many questions about how gentrification impacts resident health and how these impacts vary across populations, remain. Given the historical underpinnings of neighborhood disinvestment and the ongoing legacy of structural racism, Black, low-income communities are increasingly vulnerable to the adverse impacts of gentrification including displacement which can exist in multiple forms (e.g. cultural, political, and residential) to influence health. There is a dearth of research that examines the relationship between gentrification-induced displacement and health, especially within Black, low-income communities. The proposed F31 addresses this critical gap through two aims. First, through longitudinal analysis this project will examine the relationship between gentrification, occurring across space (census tracts) and time (data from 2000 to 2016), current year eviction rates (as a process of displacement), and self-rated health. This analysis will identify the concurrent effects of gentrification on eviction and health while also estimating the cumulative impact of gentrification over pre-specified periods of time. Analyses will assess race, measured as percent Black, as a moderator of this relationship. Next, I will conduct concept mapping, a mixed methods approach, among Black, low-income residents to explore: 1) the mechanisms that connect gentrification to displacement and displacement to three domains of health and well-being (i.e. access to health-promoting resources, individual health behaviors, and stress) and 2) perceptions of structural level solutions, in a framework of reparations, to reduce the risk and impact of gentrification-induced displacement. The proposed research addresses a critical need to examine displacement as a significant pathway linking gentrification to health in Black, low-income communities. Findings from this research will inform the creation of methodologies to examine multiple forms of gentrification-induced displacement at the individual level and help devise structural level solutions to disrupt gentrification-induced displacement and reduce related adverse health outcomes. After completion of this fellowship, the applicant will have an advanced skillset in longitudinal statistical methods, mixed-methods research, scientific communication, and community engagement. A multidisciplinary mentoring team will prepare the applicant for a career as an independent urban health equity researcher and academic mentor conducting gentrification research while designing structural level solutions to reduce health disparities for Black, low-income communities.

项目摘要/摘要 绅士化是健康的重要决定因素。作为一个多阶段的城市变化过程 从历史上看，较高的社区，高档化可能会增加促进健康的获取和可用性 超市，公园和其他娱乐设施等资源以及某些人的公共基础设施； 以及破裂的社交网络，增加住房和其他商品的成本，并使人们和风险取代 其他的。尽管与健康成果有明确的联系，但有关高档化如何影响的许多问题 居民健康以及这些影响如何在人群中有所不同。考虑到历史上的基础 邻里投资和结构性种族主义的持续遗产，黑人，低收入社区是 越来越容易受到绅士化的不利影响，包括位移 多种形式（例如文化，政治和住宅）影响健康。缺乏研究 检查绅士化引起的流离失所与健康之间的关系，尤其是在黑色的内部， 低收入社区。拟议的F31通过两个目标解决了这一关键差距。首先，通过 纵向分析该项目将研究绅士化之间的关系，跨太空发生 （人口普查区）和时间（2000年至2016年的数据），当前年度驱逐率（作为流离失所的过程）， 和自我评价的健康。该分析将确定绅士化对驱逐和健康的同时影响 同时还估计了预先指定的时间段内绅士化的累积影响。分析将 评估种族，以黑色百分比为单位，作为这种关系的主持人。接下来，我将进行概念 在黑色的低收入居民中，映射，一种混合​​方法方法要探索：1） 将绅士化与位移和位移联系到健康和福祉的三个领域（即访问 促进健康的资源，个人健康行为和压力）和2）对结构水平的看法 解决方案在赔偿框架内，以降低绅士化引起的流离失所的风险和影响。 拟议的研究解决了将位移作为一种关键途径联系的关键需求 黑人低收入社区的健康高档化。这项研究的发现将为创建 方法论可以检查多种形式在个人层面上引起的绅士化引起的位移并帮助 设计结构水平的解决方案以破坏绅士化引起的位移并减少相关的不利 健康结果。完成该奖学金后，申请人将具有纵向高级技能 统计方法，混合方法研究，科学交流和社区参与。一个 多学科指导团队将为申请人做好准备作为独立城市健康公平的职业 研究人员和学术导师进行绅士化研究，同时设计结构水平解决方案 减少黑人，低收入社区的健康差异。