The Longitudinal and Dynamic Effects of Food Insecurity on Cognitive Impairment and Dementia Risk

粮食不安全对认知障碍和痴呆风险的纵向和动态影响

基本信息

批准号：
10525370
负责人：
Cindy Leung
金额：
$ 42.12万
依托单位：
HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2022
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2022-09-15 至 2026-05-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10525370
关键词：
Address Adult Adverse effects Affect African American Aging Alzheimer&apos s disease related dementia American Buffers Characteristics Child Chronic Disease Clinical Cognitive aging Cohort Studies Cross-Sectional Studies Data Dementia Diagnosis Diet Dimensions Disease Elderly Exposure to Food Food Assistance Programs Goals Health Health Personnel Health and Retirement Study Heterogeneity Hispanic Household Impaired cognition Individual Link Literature Long-Term Effects Low income Measures Mediating Memory Mental Health Mental disorders Mission Outcome Participant Pattern Persons Population Public Health Quality of life Reduce health disparities Research Research Priority Resources Risk Risk Factors Running Sampling Socioeconomic Factors Specific qualifier value Surveys Underrepresented Populations Unhealthy Diet United States United States National Institutes of Health aged cardiometabolism cognitive function dementia risk design disadvantaged population ethnic minority population evidence base executive function food insecurity good diet health data health disparity improved modifiable risk panel study of income dynamics physical conditioning policy implication prevent psychological distress racial minority response social determinants social health determinants sociodemographics socioeconomic disadvantage socioeconomic disparity young adult

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY By 2030, 8.5 million Americans will be diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD); yet because socioeconomically disadvantaged populations are underrepresented in ADRD research, the extent of ADRD disparities by socioeconomic factors are poorly understood. Food insecurity, a condition of limited food availability due to insufficient resources, is an understudied dimension of socioeconomic disadvantage and a persistent health concern in the United States. Food insecurity has increased 128% among older adults since 2001, and has been associated with lower cognitive function in limited cross-sectional studies. The lack of rigorous research investigating the effect of food insecurity on cognitive impairment and ADRD risk is a widely acknowledged gap in the health disparities and ADRD literature, and represents a major missed opportunity to better understand how a key social determinant of health can influence cognitive aging in later life. The overall objective for this application is to understand the longitudinal and dynamic effects of food insecurity on cognitive impairment and ADRD risk. The central hypothesis is that food insecurity increases the risk of accelerated cognitive impairment and ADRD through poor diet quality, cardiometabolic health conditions, psychological distress, and poor mental health, all of which has been demonstrated by prior research. Food insecurity is both preventable and reversible; therefore, the rationale for this project is that establishing food insecurity as a risk factor for cognitive impairment and ADRD risk will inform public health strategies to address and prevent the dual burden of food insecurity and ADRD among older adults. To achieve the proposed aims, this project will leverage data from two well-established cohort studies: 1) the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID), the longest running nationally representative household panel survey, and 2) the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), the leading nationally representative study on aging. Our specific aims are to: 1) evaluate the dynamic effects of food insecurity in adulthood on ADRD risk; 2) identify the longitudinal effects of food insecurity on trajectories of cognitive impairment; and 3) examine heterogeneity by sociodemographic characteristics and diet quality on the effects of food insecurity on cognitive impairment and ADRD risk. By leveraging data from two nationally representative studies, this project will be the first to provide a complementary and comprehensive understanding of the long-term effects of food insecurity on cognitive impairment and ADRD risk. These results will have significant clinical, public health, and policy implications by identifying a modifiable risk factor to promote healthy cognitive aging and improve quality of life, particularly among socioeconomically disadvantaged populations.

项目概要到 2030 年，仍有 850 万美国人被诊断患有阿尔茨海默病和相关痴呆症 (ADRD)；由于 ADRD 研究中社会经济弱势群体的代表性不足，人们对社会经济因素造成的 ADRD 差异知之甚少。粮食不安全是粮食有限的一种状况。由于资源不足而导致的可用性是社会经济劣势的一个未被充分研究的方面，也是一个自此以来，美国老年人对粮食不安全的持续关注增加了 128%。 2001 年，在有限的横断面研究中，它与较低的认知功能有关。深入研究粮食不安全对认知障碍和 ADRD 风险的影响是一项广泛的研究承认健康差异和 ADRD 文献中的差距，并且代表着一个重大的错失机会更好地了解健康的关键社会决定因素如何影响晚年的认知衰老。该应用程序的目标是了解粮食不安全对食品安全的纵向和动态影响认知障碍和 ADRD 风险的中心假设是粮食不安全会增加以下风险。不良的饮食质量、心脏代谢健康状况会加速认知障碍和 ADRD，心理困扰和心理健康状况不佳，所有这些都已被先前的研究证明。不安全状况是可以预防和逆转的；因此，该项目的理由是建立粮食不安全感作为认知障碍和 ADRD 风险的一个风险因素，将为解决这一问题的公共卫生策略提供信息防止老年人承受粮食不安全和 ADRD 的双重负担。该项目将利用两项成熟的队列研究的数据：1) 收入动态小组研究 (PSID)，持续时间最长的全国代表性家庭小组调查，以及 2) 健康和退休研究 (HRS) 是一项领先的全国性代表性老龄化研究，我们的具体目标是：1) 评估成年期粮食不安全对 ADRD 风险的动态影响 2) 确定纵向影响；粮食不安全对认知障碍轨迹的影响；3) 通过社会人口统计学检查异质性特征和饮食质量对粮食不安全对认知障碍和 ADRD 风险的影响。利用两项全国代表性研究的数据，该项目将是第一个提供对粮食不安全对认知的长期影响的补充和全面理解这些结果将对临床、公共卫生和政策产生重大影响。确定可改变的风险因素，以促进健康的认知衰老并提高生活质量，特别是在社会弱势群体中。