The Longitudinal and Dynamic Effects of Food Insecurity on Cognitive Impairment and Dementia Risk

粮食不安全对认知障碍和痴呆风险的纵向和动态影响

• 批准号: 10525370
• 负责人: Cindy Leung
• 金额: $ 42.12万
• 依托单位: HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-15 至 2026-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10525370
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Adverse effects; Affect; African American; Aging; Alzheimer' s disease related dementia; American; Buffers; Characteristics; Child; Chronic Disease; Clinical; Cognitive aging; Cohort Studies; Cross-Sectional Studies; Data; Dementia; Diagnosis; Diet; Dimensions; Disease; Elderly; Exposure to; Food; Food Assistance Programs; Goals; Health; Health Personnel; Health and Retirement Study; Heterogeneity; Hispanic; Household; Impaired cognition; Individual; Link; Literature; Long-Term Effects; Low income; Measures; Mediating; Memory; Mental Health; Mental disorders; Mission; Outcome; Participant; Pattern; Persons; Population; Public Health; Quality of life; Reduce health disparities; Research; Research Priority; Resources; Risk; Risk Factors; Running; Sampling; Socioeconomic Factors; Specific qualifier value; Surveys; Underrepresented Populations; Unhealthy Diet; United States; United States National Institutes of Health; aged; cardiometabolism; cognitive function; dementia risk; design; disadvantaged population; ethnic minority population; evidence base; executive function; food insecurity; good diet; health data; health disparity; improved; modifiable risk; panel study of income dynamics; physical conditioning; policy implication; prevent; psychological distress; racial minority; response; social determinants; social health determinants; sociodemographics; socioeconomic disadvantage; socioeconomic disparity; young adult

PROJECT SUMMARY By 2030, 8.5 million Americans will be diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD); yet because socioeconomically disadvantaged populations are underrepresented in ADRD research, the extent of ADRD disparities by socioeconomic factors are poorly understood. Food insecurity, a condition of limited food availability due to insufficient resources, is an understudied dimension of socioeconomic disadvantage and a persistent health concern in the United States. Food insecurity has increased 128% among older adults since 2001, and has been associated with lower cognitive function in limited cross-sectional studies. The lack of rigorous research investigating the effect of food insecurity on cognitive impairment and ADRD risk is a widely acknowledged gap in the health disparities and ADRD literature, and represents a major missed opportunity to better understand how a key social determinant of health can influence cognitive aging in later life. The overall objective for this application is to understand the longitudinal and dynamic effects of food insecurity on cognitive impairment and ADRD risk. The central hypothesis is that food insecurity increases the risk of accelerated cognitive impairment and ADRD through poor diet quality, cardiometabolic health conditions, psychological distress, and poor mental health, all of which has been demonstrated by prior research. Food insecurity is both preventable and reversible; therefore, the rationale for this project is that establishing food insecurity as a risk factor for cognitive impairment and ADRD risk will inform public health strategies to address and prevent the dual burden of food insecurity and ADRD among older adults. To achieve the proposed aims, this project will leverage data from two well-established cohort studies: 1) the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID), the longest running nationally representative household panel survey, and 2) the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), the leading nationally representative study on aging. Our specific aims are to: 1) evaluate the dynamic effects of food insecurity in adulthood on ADRD risk; 2) identify the longitudinal effects of food insecurity on trajectories of cognitive impairment; and 3) examine heterogeneity by sociodemographic characteristics and diet quality on the effects of food insecurity on cognitive impairment and ADRD risk. By leveraging data from two nationally representative studies, this project will be the first to provide a complementary and comprehensive understanding of the long-term effects of food insecurity on cognitive impairment and ADRD risk. These results will have significant clinical, public health, and policy implications by identifying a modifiable risk factor to promote healthy cognitive aging and improve quality of life, particularly among socioeconomically disadvantaged populations.

项目摘要 到2030年，将诊断出850万美国人患有阿尔茨海默氏病和相关痴呆症（ADRD）；但是 由于社会经济处于弱势群体中的人群在ADRD研究中的人数不足，因此 社会经济因素的ADRD差异知之甚少。粮食不安全，食物有限的条件 由于资源不足而引起的可用性，是社会经济障碍的一个知识，是 美国持续的健康问题。自从以来，粮食不安全感增加了128％以来 2001年，在有限的横截面研究中与较低的认知功能有关。缺乏 严格的研究调查粮食不安全对认知障碍和ADRD风险的影响是广泛的 承认健康分布和ADRD文献中的差距，这是一个主要错过的机会 更好地了解健康的关键社会决定者如何影响以后的认知衰老。总体 此应用的目的是了解粮食不安全感对 认知障碍和ADRD风险。中心假设是粮食不安全增加了 通过饮食质量不佳，心脏代谢健康状况加速认知障碍和ADRD， 心理困扰和精神健康不良，所有这些都已通过先前的研究证明。食物 不安全感既可以预防又可逆；因此，该项目的理由是建立食物 不安全感是认知障碍和ADRD风险的危险因素，将为解决公共卫生策略提供依据 并防止老年人中粮食不安全和ADRD的双重伯恩。为了实现拟议的目标， 该项目将利用两项公认的队列研究中的数据：1）小组收入动态研究 （PSID），全国代表性最长的家庭小组调查，以及2）健康和 退休研究（HRS），全国性的老龄化研究。我们的具体目的是：1） 评估成年中粮食不安全感对ADRD风险的动态影响； 2）确定 对认知障碍轨迹的粮食不安全； 3）通过社会人口统计学考试异质性 特征和饮食质量对粮食不安全感对认知障碍和ADRD风险的影响。经过 利用两项全国代表性研究的数据，该项目将是第一个提供一个 完全，全面地了解粮食不安全感对认知的长期影响 损害和ADRD风险。这些结果将具有重大的临床，公共卫生和政策影响 确定可修改的危险因素，以促进健康的认知衰老并改善生活质量，尤其是 在社会经济上处于弱势群体中。