Genetic and Molecular Analysis of Olfaction

嗅觉的遗传和分子分析

• 批准号: 10651638
• 负责人: John R Carlson
• 金额: $ 35.41万
• 依托单位: YALE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1994-01-01 至 2025-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10651638
• 关键词: Ablation; Afferent Neurons; Aggressive behavior; Animals; Behavior; Biological Models; Code; Dependence; Development; Dimensions; Disease; Dose; Drosophila genus; Drosophila melanogaster; Environment; Exhibits; Food; Geography; Goals; Grant; Human; Individual; Insect Control; Insect Repellents; Insect Vectors; Insecta; Leg; Libido; Logic; Maps; Measures; Mediating; Molecular; Molecular Analysis; Molecular Genetics; Neurons; Odors; Olfactory Pathways; Operative Surgical Procedures; Organ; Oviposition; Partner in relationship; Perception; Persons; Pheromone; Physiological; Role; Sensory; Sensory Receptors; Smell Perception; System; Taste Buds; Taste Perception; Testing; Thinking; Time; Volatilization; behavioral response; combinatorial; design; disease transmission; experimental study; genetic analysis; human disease; insect disease vector; insight; methyleugenol; mutant; optogenetics; preference; receptor; response; sensory system; taste system; transmission process

The long-term goal of this project is to elucidate basic principles of chemosensory perception. It seeks to explain at the molecular and cellular levels how chemosensory information is encoded. The experimental plan takes advantage of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster as a model system, which allows incisive molecular genetic analysis of chemosensory receptors and neurons and of the functions that they perform. Olfaction and taste have been considered as separate senses since the time of Aristotle. This project examines the coding of odorants by the taste system; it attempts to bridge the two systems in an unprecedented way. The first aim analyzes physiological responses elicited from taste neurons by odorants in solution. The aim is designed to elucidate principles by which the taste system encodes odorant quality and quantity. This aim could provide a new dimension to our understanding of how odorants are detected and discriminated in a natural context. The second aim analyzes behavioral responses elicited by odorants via the taste system. Four behaviors will be investigated, using olfactory-deficient animals and a diverse panel of odorant solutions. The relative roles of the olfactory and taste systems in mediating behavior will be examined. The results of this aim could reveal that a surprisingly wide variety of odorants can drive behaviors via taste circuits. The third aim seeks to identify taste receptors that underlie the responses to odorants. The aim tests the hypothesis that some of these responses depend on the Ionotropic Receptor (IR) coreceptor IR25a, together with other IRs with which it acts. The proposed study should reveal whether an individual taste neuron detects different odorants via different receptors, and whether an individual odorant is detected by multiple receptors across multiple neurons. This aim may advance in a new way our understanding of the molecular logic of chemosensory coding. Diseases carried by insects afflict hundreds of millions of people each year. These insects detect their human hosts, their food, and their mates largely through their chemosensory systems. This project may lead to the development of new kinds of insect repellents that act on the taste systems of insect vectors of disease. Such repellents could be useful in controlling these insects and the diseases that they transmit.

该项目的长期目标是阐明化学感应的基本原理 洞察力。它试图在分子和细胞水平上解释化学感应如何 信息已编码。实验计划利用了果蝇果蝇的优势 Melanogaster作为模型系统，允许尖锐的分子遗传分析 化学感应受体和神经元以及它们执行的功能。 自亚里士多德时代以来，嗅觉和味道被认为是独立的感觉。 该项目检查了通过味觉系统对气味的编码。它试图桥接两者 以空前的方式进行系统。 第一个目的分析了气味剂在味觉神经元中引起的生理反应 解决方案。其目的旨在阐明味觉系统编码的原理 气味质量和数量。这个目标可以为我们的理解提供一个新的维度 在自然背景下如何检测和歧视气味。 第二个目标分析了气味通过味道引起的行为反应 系统。使用缺乏嗅觉的动物和多种多样的动物将研究四种行为 气味解决方案面板。嗅觉和味觉系统在中介中的相对作用 行为将被检查。这个目标的结果可能表明，多种多样 气味可以通过口味电路来驱动行为。 第三个目标旨在识别味觉受体，这些受体是对气味剂的反应的基础。 目的检验了这些反应中的一些取决于离子受体的假设 （ir）coecector ir25a，以及其他IRS的作用。拟议的研究应 揭示单个味道神经元是否通过不同的受体检测到不同的气味剂，并且 多种神经元中多个受体检测到单个气味。这 AIM可能以新的方式进步，我们对化学感应的分子逻辑的理解 编码。 昆虫携带的疾病每年遭受数亿人的困扰。这些 昆虫检测到他们的人类宿主，食物和伴侣在很大程度上通过其化学感觉 系统。该项目可能导致开发出作用的新型驱虫剂 疾病昆虫媒介的味道系统。这样的驱虫剂可能对控制 这些昆虫及其传播的疾病。

项目成果

Olfactory coding in a compound nose. Coexpression of odorant-binding proteins in Drosophila.

复合鼻中的嗅觉编码。

• DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1998.tb10588.x
• 发表时间: 1998
• 期刊: Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
• 影响因子: 5.2
• 作者: Hekmat-Scafe,DS;Steinbrecht,RA;Carlson,JR
• 通讯作者: Carlson,JR

Olfaction in Drosophila: coding, genetics and e-genetics.

果蝇的嗅觉：编码、遗传学和电子遗传学。

• DOI: 10.1093/chemse/26.2.201
• 发表时间: 2001
• 期刊: Chemical senses
• 影响因子: 3.5
• 作者: Warr,C;Clyne,P;deBruyne,M;Kim,J;Carlson,JR
• 通讯作者: Carlson,JR

Genetic and molecular studies of olfaction in Drosophila.

果蝇嗅觉的遗传和分子研究。

• DOI: 10.1002/9780470514948.ch20
• 发表时间: 1996
• 期刊: Ciba Foundation symposium
• 作者: Hekmat-Scafe,DS;Carlson,JR
• 通讯作者: Carlson,JR

Retrospective evaluation of gynecologic cytodiagnosis. II. Interlaboratory reproducibility as shown in rescreening large consecutive samples of reported cases.

妇科细胞诊断的回顾性评价。

• 发表时间: 1987
• 期刊: Acta cytologica
• 影响因子: 1.8
• 作者: Yobs,AR;Plott,AE;Hicklin,MD;Coleman,SA;Johnston,WW;Ashton,PR;Rube,IF;Watts,JC;Naib,ZM;Wood,RJ
• 通讯作者: Wood,RJ

Reverse-correlation analysis of navigation dynamics in Drosophila larva using optogenetics.

• DOI: 10.7554/elife.06225
• 发表时间: 2015-05-05
• 期刊: eLife
• 影响因子: 7.7
• 作者: Hernandez-Nunez L;Belina J;Klein M;Si G;Claus L;Carlson JR;Samuel AD
• 通讯作者: Samuel AD