Cannabis Legalization a Decade Later: A Longitudinal Study of Teens, Young Adults, and Parents in Washington State

十年后大麻合法化：对华盛顿州青少年、年轻人和家长的纵向研究

• 批准号: 10651877
• 负责人: JENNIFER A BAILEY
• 金额: $ 58万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-07-01 至 2027-04-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10651877
• 关键词: Acceleration; Address; Adolescent; Adult; Adult Children; Affect; Age; Alcohol consumption; Alcohols; Attention; Behavior; Binding; Biological; Birth; Cannabis; Cannabis retail; Caregivers; Child; Communities; Cross-Sectional Studies; Data; Data Collection; Development; Developmental Course; Drug usage; Family; Frequencies; Funding; Goals; Individual; Knowledge; Legal; Life Cycle Stages; Link; Longitudinal Studies; Measures; Methods; Modeling; Morbidity - disease rate; Nicotine; Outcome; Parents; Pattern; Persons; Policies; Prevalence; Prevention; Probability; Public Health; Recreation; Research; Risk Factors; Short Waves; Social Development; Spouses; Stretching; Teenagers; Time; Tobacco use; Washington; Work; Youth; adolescent offspring; alcohol measurement; cannabis use behavior; cigarette smoking; cohort; evidence base; intergenerational; longitudinal design; marijuana legalization; marijuana use; mortality; nicotine use; offspring; peer; prevent; prospective; psychosocial; substance use; theories; virtual; young adult

Nonmedical (recreational) cannabis use is now legal in many states. Additional states are considering legalization, despite the weakness of the current evidence base regarding potential impacts on public health. This R01 proposal seeks 5 years of funding to understand: Aim 1) changes in cannabis use across the first decade following cannabis legalization; Aim 2) changes in alcohol use, nicotine use, and their co-use with cannabis following cannabis legalization; and Aim 3) whether psychosocial consequences of cannabis use change in a legal cannabis context. This knowledge is critical to inform policy, support efforts to maintain hard- won reductions in teen cannabis use since the 2000s, and promote responsible use by adults. The proposed project is grounded in life course theories of development and substance use, and uniquely suited to address stated goals. It continues and expands upon the Seattle Social Development Project-The Intergenerational Project (SSDP-TIP), which aims to understand the impact of cannabis legalization on youth and parent cannabis and other drug use (n = 426 families, 80% living in Washington State). SSDP-TIP includes a parent drawn from another ongoing longitudinal panel study that began in 1985, their oldest biological child, and a second caregiver (usually the spouse) when available. Seven waves of pre-legalization data (2002-2011; mean child age in 2011 = 12) and three waves of short-term post-legalization data (2015-2017; mean child age in 2017 = 18) from offspring and parents are available. The proposed study will add three additional annual data collections post-legalization in 2022, 2023, and 2024 with parents and offspring (mean offspring age in 2024 = 25; range: 11-36 years). For adolescent offspring, the accelerated longitudinal design allows us to compare offspring measured before legalization to offspring from later birth cohorts measured at the same ages, but after legalization. This permits the disentangling of child age and policy effects, and facilitates understanding of the implications of cannabis legalization for prevention in ways that other studies cannot. The inclusion of young adult offspring allows examination of the impact of cannabis legalization on patterns of use and consequences across the 20s and into the early 30s. The inclusion of parents permits examination of post- legalization changes in cannabis and other drug use and consequences across the 40s. SSDP-TIP is the only study in Washington State with longitudinal data from youth and their parents beginning 10 years before legalization. With the proposed data collections, it will also stretch to 12 years post-legalization. This prospective, longitudinal design provides important advantages over large, repeated cross sectional studies by enabling causal ordering of legalization and changes in behavior, disentanglement of change due to legalization versus time or age, and study of both within- and between-person change. Findings will inform the timing of efforts to prevent underage and problematic cannabis, tobacco, and alcohol use and help to clarify public health impacts in the context of cannabis legalization.

非医疗（娱乐）大麻的使用现在在许多州都是合法的。其他州正在考虑 尽管目前关于对公共健康的潜在影响的证据基础薄弱，但仍将其合法化。 该 R01 提案寻求 5 年的资助来了解： 目标 1) 大麻使用的变化 大麻合法化十年后；目标 2) 改变酒精使用、尼古丁使用及其与其他药物的共同使用 大麻合法化后的大麻；目标 3）大麻使用是否会造成心理社会后果 合法大麻背景的变化。这些知识对于为政策提供信息、支持维持硬核的努力至关重要。 自 2000 年代以来，赢得了青少年大麻使用量的减少，并促进成年人负责任地使用大麻。拟议的 项目以发展和物质使用的生命历程理论为基础，特别适合解决 既定目标。它继续并扩展了西雅图社会发展项目-代际 项目（SSDP-TIP），旨在了解大麻合法化对青少年和家长的影响 大麻和其他药物使用（n = 426 个家庭，80% 居住在华盛顿州）。 SSDP-TIP 包括父级 来自 1985 年开始的另一项正在进行的纵向小组研究，他们最大的亲生孩子和 第二个照顾者（通常是配偶）（如果有）。七波预合法化数据（2002-2011 年；平均值 2011 年儿童年龄 = 12）和三波短期合法化后数据（2015-2017 年；平均儿童年龄 2017 = 18) 来自后代和父母的可用。拟议的研究将添加三个额外的年度数据 2022 年、2023 年和 2024 年合法化后父母和子女的收藏（2024 年子女平均年龄 = 25；范围：11-36 岁）。对于青少年后代，加速纵向设计使我们能够比较 在合法化之前测量的后代到在同一年龄测量的后来出生队列的后代，但是 合法化后。这可以区分儿童年龄和政策影响，并有助于理解 大麻合法化对预防的影响是其他研究无法做到的。纳入 年轻的成年后代可以检查大麻合法化对使用模式的影响和 20 多岁到 30 岁出头的后果。家长的参与允许对毕业后进行检查 四十年代大麻和其他毒品使用合法化的变化及其后果。 SSDP-TIP 是唯一 在华盛顿州进行的一项研究，使用 10 年前开始的青少年及其父母的纵向数据 合法化。根据拟议的数据收集，它也将延长至合法化后 12 年。这 前瞻性纵向设计比大型重复横断面研究具有重要优势 实现合法化和行为改变的因果顺序，解开由于 合法化与时间或年龄的关系，以及对人内和人与人之间变化的研究。调查结果将告知 努力防止未成年人和有问题的大麻、烟草和酒精使用的时间安排，并帮助澄清 大麻合法化背景下的公共卫生影响。