Reciprocal longitudinal associations between brain function and alcohol use trajectories in adolescents and young adults

青少年和年轻人脑功能与饮酒轨迹之间的相互纵向关联

基本信息

批准号：
10643310
负责人：
David A Baranger
金额：
$ 17.32万
依托单位：
WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2023
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2023-09-01 至 2025-08-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10643310
关键词：
Acceleration Address Adolescence Adolescent and Young Adult Age Alcohol abuse Alcohol consumption Alcohols Behavior Behavioral Brain Characteristics Collection Dangerousness Data Data Analyses Data Collection Data Set Decision Making Development Education Esthesia Etiology Future Goals Heavy Drinking Image Individual Individual Differences Knowledge Lead Leadership Link Machine Learning Maintenance Maps Measurement Measures Mentorship Methodology Neurobiology Neurocognitive Pattern Policies Prevention Preventive measure Process Publications Research Research Personnel Resolution Rewards Risk Taking Sampling Scanning Signal Transduction Techniques Testing Training Variant addiction age related alcohol involvement alcohol use disorder alcohol use initiation binge drinking brain behavior career career development career networking cognitive control college drinking design drinking drinking behavior executive function experimental study financial incentive global health improved innovation insight neural neuroimaging neuroregulation novel programs prospective regional difference resilience reward processing skills theories underage drinking university student young adult young adult alcohol use

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Alcohol use is a global health problem that often begins in adolescence/young adulthood. Despite extensive research efforts, effective preventative and treatment measures remain elusive. While bi-directional associations between alcohol use and brain function form the cornerstone of prominent neurobiological theories of addiction, the reciprocal relationship between alcohol use and brain function remains underexplored. This 5-year K99/R00 proposal is designed to address this fundamental gap in knowledge, through the novel application of cutting- edge techniques which overcome many of the limitations of between-subject cross-sectional designs, including low reliability and small effect sizes. It is hypothesized that neurocognitive mechanisms of decision making which underly elevated risk taking in adolescence (i.e., elevated reward processing relative to lower cognitive control) contribute to alcohol use initiation in adolescence, as well as escalation and maintenance in young adults, and that the consumption of alcohol in turn influences these same mechanisms, thereby promoting future use. Crucially, this proposal is designed to support the applicant’s transition to independence through: 1) technical training in advanced longitudinal and machine learning analysis, and the collection and analysis of precision functional mapping (PFM) data, 2) training in assessments of alcohol use behavior in young adults, and 3) professional and career development, including leadership and mentorship, grantsmanship, professional networking, publication, and scientific presentations. Aim 1 (K99) will assess prospective long-term associations between reward, cognitive control, and alcohol use in two large extant datasets of adolescents and young adults (IMAGEN: ages 14-22, N=2000; ABCD: ages 9-18, N=11,000). Analyses will use multivariate neural signatures of these processes, which are more reliable and sensitive to individual differences than regional estimates. Aims 2&3 (K99/R00) will collect the novel ALC-21 sample – a sample of college students who engage in heavy episodic drinking (N=24), who will be scanned repeatedly (8-10 scans each) over a semester, immediately following periods of elevated use (e.g., 21st birthday) and reduced use. The use of precision functional mapping (PFM) – studying an effect with large within-subject variation by acquiring large quantities of imaging data per subject – maximizes the neuroimaging signal, spatial resolution, and measurement reliability. PFM results in robust and reliable within-subject brain-behavior associations. A subset of the full sample (N=5) will be collected for Aim 2, and will be used to test the short-term effect of heavy episodic drinking on reward and cognitive control. The remainder of the sample will be collected during the R00 portion for Aim 3, which will assess bi- directional short-term associations between reward, cognitive control, and alcohol use. Together, these studies will provide fundamental insights into the reciprocal relationship between alcohol use and brain function, both over the long-term and in the short-term. Further, completing this training plan will prepare the applicant to lead an innovative research program as an independent investigator.

项目概要/摘要饮酒是一个全球性的健康问题，尽管范围广泛，但通常始于青春期/青年期。研究表明，有效的预防和治疗措施仍然难以捉摸，而双向关联。酒精使用和大脑功能之间的关系构成了著名的成瘾神经生物学理论的基石，饮酒与大脑功能之间的相互关系尚未得到充分研究。这项为期 5 年的 K99/R00 测试。该提案旨在通过切割的新颖应用来解决这一知识上的根本差距边缘技术克服了受试者间横截面设计的许多限制，包括低可靠性和小影响大小的决策的神经认知机制。青春期的冒险程度较低（即相对于较低的认知控制而言，奖励处理较高）有助于青春期饮酒的开始，以及年轻人的饮酒升级和维持，以及饮酒反过来会影响这些相同的机制，从而促进未来的使用。至关重要的是，该提案旨在通过以下方式支持申请人向独立过渡：1) 技术高级纵向和机器学习分析以及精度收集和分析的培训功能映射 (PFM) 数据，2) 年轻人饮酒行为评估培训，以及 3) 专业和职业发展，包括领导力和指导、资助、专业目标 1 (K99) 将评估未来的长期关联。现有的两个大型青少年和年轻人数据集中的奖励、认知控制和饮酒之间的关系（IMAGEN：年龄 14-22，N=2000；ABCD：年龄 9-18，N=11,000）。这些过程比区域估计更可靠、对个体差异更敏感。 2&3（K99/R00）将收集新颖的ALC-21样本——从事重度工作的大学生样本偶发性饮酒 (N=24)，将在一个学期内立即重复扫描（每次 8-10 次扫描）以下时期的使用量增加（例如 21 岁生日）和使用量减少使用精确功能映射。 (PFM) – 通过采集大量的成像数据来研究对象内差异较大的效应主题 – 最大限度地提高神经影像信号、空间分辨率和 PFM 结果的可靠性。将收集完整样本的一个子集（N = 5）。目标 2，将用于测试大量间歇性饮酒对奖励和认知的短期影响其余样本将在目标 3 的 R00 部分收集，这将评估双- 这些研究共同揭示了奖励、认知控制和饮酒之间的短期定向关联。将为酒精使用和大脑功能之间的相互关系提供基本见解此外，完成此培训计划将使申请人为领导做好准备。作为独立研究者的创新研究项目。