Reciprocal longitudinal associations between brain function and alcohol use trajectories in adolescents and young adults

青少年和年轻人脑功能与饮酒轨迹之间的相互纵向关联

• 批准号: 10643310
• 负责人: David A Baranger
• 金额: $ 17.32万
• 依托单位: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-01 至 2025-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10643310
• 关键词: Acceleration; Address; Adolescence; Adolescent and Young Adult; Age; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Alcohols; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Characteristics; Collection; Dangerousness; Data; Data Analyses; Data Collection; Data Set; Decision Making; Development; Education; Esthesia; Etiology; Future; Goals; Heavy Drinking; Image; Individual; Individual Differences; Knowledge; Lead; Leadership; Link; Machine Learning; Maintenance; Maps; Measurement; Measures; Mentorship; Methodology; Neurobiology; Neurocognitive; Pattern; Policies; Prevention; Preventive measure; Process; Publications; Research; Research Personnel; Resolution; Rewards; Risk Taking; Sampling; Scanning; Signal Transduction; Techniques; Testing; Training; Variant; addiction; age related; alcohol involvement; alcohol use disorder; alcohol use initiation; binge drinking; brain behavior; career; career development; career networking; cognitive control; college drinking; design; drinking; drinking behavior; executive function; experimental study; financial incentive; global health; improved; innovation; insight; neural; neuroimaging; neuroregulation; novel; programs; prospective; regional difference; resilience; reward processing; skills; theories; underage drinking; university student; young adult; young adult alcohol use; Acceleration; Address; Adolescence; Adolescent and Young Adult; Age; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Alcohols; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Characteristics; Collection; Dangerousness; Data; Data Analyses; Data Collection; Data Set; Decision Making; Development; Education; Esthesia; Etiology; Future; Goals; Heavy Drinking; Image; Individual; Individual Differences; Knowledge; Lead; Leadership; Link; Machine Learning; Maintenance; Maps; Measurement; Measures; Mentorship; Methodology; Neurobiology; Neurocognitive; Pattern; Policies; Prevention; Preventive measure; Process; Publications; Research; Research Personnel; Resolution; Rewards; Risk Taking; Sampling; Scanning; Signal Transduction; Techniques; Testing; Training; Variant; addiction; age related; alcohol involvement; alcohol use disorder; alcohol use initiation; binge drinking; brain behavior; career; career development; career networking; cognitive control; college drinking; design; drinking; drinking behavior; executive function; experimental study; financial incentive; global health; improved; innovation; insight; neural; neuroimaging; neuroregulation; novel; programs; prospective; regional difference; resilience; reward processing; skills; theories; underage drinking; university student; young adult; young adult alcohol use

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Alcohol use is a global health problem that often begins in adolescence/young adulthood. Despite extensive research efforts, effective preventative and treatment measures remain elusive. While bi-directional associations between alcohol use and brain function form the cornerstone of prominent neurobiological theories of addiction, the reciprocal relationship between alcohol use and brain function remains underexplored. This 5-year K99/R00 proposal is designed to address this fundamental gap in knowledge, through the novel application of cutting- edge techniques which overcome many of the limitations of between-subject cross-sectional designs, including low reliability and small effect sizes. It is hypothesized that neurocognitive mechanisms of decision making which underly elevated risk taking in adolescence (i.e., elevated reward processing relative to lower cognitive control) contribute to alcohol use initiation in adolescence, as well as escalation and maintenance in young adults, and that the consumption of alcohol in turn influences these same mechanisms, thereby promoting future use. Crucially, this proposal is designed to support the applicant’s transition to independence through: 1) technical training in advanced longitudinal and machine learning analysis, and the collection and analysis of precision functional mapping (PFM) data, 2) training in assessments of alcohol use behavior in young adults, and 3) professional and career development, including leadership and mentorship, grantsmanship, professional networking, publication, and scientific presentations. Aim 1 (K99) will assess prospective long-term associations between reward, cognitive control, and alcohol use in two large extant datasets of adolescents and young adults (IMAGEN: ages 14-22, N=2000; ABCD: ages 9-18, N=11,000). Analyses will use multivariate neural signatures of these processes, which are more reliable and sensitive to individual differences than regional estimates. Aims 2&3 (K99/R00) will collect the novel ALC-21 sample – a sample of college students who engage in heavy episodic drinking (N=24), who will be scanned repeatedly (8-10 scans each) over a semester, immediately following periods of elevated use (e.g., 21st birthday) and reduced use. The use of precision functional mapping (PFM) – studying an effect with large within-subject variation by acquiring large quantities of imaging data per subject – maximizes the neuroimaging signal, spatial resolution, and measurement reliability. PFM results in robust and reliable within-subject brain-behavior associations. A subset of the full sample (N=5) will be collected for Aim 2, and will be used to test the short-term effect of heavy episodic drinking on reward and cognitive control. The remainder of the sample will be collected during the R00 portion for Aim 3, which will assess bi- directional short-term associations between reward, cognitive control, and alcohol use. Together, these studies will provide fundamental insights into the reciprocal relationship between alcohol use and brain function, both over the long-term and in the short-term. Further, completing this training plan will prepare the applicant to lead an innovative research program as an independent investigator.

项目摘要/摘要 饮酒是一个全球健康问题，通常始于青少年/成年。尽管很广泛 研究工作，有效的预防措施和治疗措施仍然难以捉摸。而双向关联 在酒精使用和脑功能之间形成了重要神经生物学理论的基石， 酒精使用与大脑功能之间的相互关系仍然没有被逐渐倍增。这五年的K99/R00 提案旨在通过新颖的削减应用来解决知识的这一基本差距 - 边缘技术克服了受试者间横截面设计的许多局限性，包括 低可靠性和小效应大小。假设决策的神经认知机制 青少年的潜在风险升高（即相对于较低的认知控制的奖励处理提高） 为青少年的饮酒倡议以及年轻人的升级和维持 饮酒的消费反过来影响了这些相同的机制，从而促进了未来的使用。 至关重要的是，该建议旨在支持申请人通过以下方面的过渡到独立性的过渡：1）技术 高级纵向和机器学习分析的培训，以及精确的收集和分析 功能映射（PFM）数据，2）在评估年轻人的饮酒行为的培训，3） 专业和职业发展，包括领导力和心态，授予技巧，专业 网络，出版和科学演示。 AIM 1（K99）将评估潜在的长期协会 在两个大量的青少年和年轻人的数据集中，奖励，认知控制和饮酒之间 （成像：14-22岁，n = 2000； ABCD：9-18岁，n = 11,000）。分析将使用多元神经特征 在这些过程中，与区域估计相比，这些过程对个体差异更可靠和敏感。目标 2＆3（K99/r00）将收集新颖的ALC-21样本 - 一个从事沉重的大学生样本 情节饮酒（n = 24），他将在一个学期中反复扫描（每次8-10次扫描），立即 以下使用时间升高（例如21岁生日）和减少使用。使用精密功能映射 （PFM） - 通过每次获得大量成像数据来研究具有较大受试者内部变化的效果 受试者 - 最大化神经成像信号，空间分辨率和测量可靠性。 PFM导致 强大而可靠的主体内脑行为联想。将收集完整样本的子集（n = 5） 用于AIM 2，并将用于测试大量饮酒对奖励和认知能力的短期影响 控制。剩余的样本将在R00部分中的AIM 3收集，这将评估Bi- 奖励，认知控制和饮酒之间的方向短期关联。在一起，这些研究 将提供对酒精使用与大脑功能之间相互关系的基本见解 长期和短期。此外，完成该培训计划将使申请人为领导 作为独立研究者的创新研究计划。