Reciprocal longitudinal associations between brain function and alcohol use trajectories in adolescents and young adults

青少年和年轻人脑功能与饮酒轨迹之间的相互纵向关联

基本信息

批准号：
10643310
负责人：
David A Baranger
金额：
$ 17.32万
依托单位：
WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2023
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2023-09-01 至 2025-08-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10643310
关键词：
Acceleration Address Adolescence Adolescent and Young Adult Age Alcohol abuse Alcohol consumption Alcohols Behavior Behavioral Brain Characteristics Collection Dangerousness Data Data Analyses Data Collection Data Set Decision Making Development Education Esthesia Etiology Future Goals Heavy Drinking Image Individual Individual Differences Knowledge Lead Leadership Link Machine Learning Maintenance Maps Measurement Measures Mentorship Methodology Neurobiology Neurocognitive Pattern Policies Prevention Preventive measure Process Publications Research Research Personnel Resolution Rewards Risk Taking Sampling Scanning Signal Transduction Techniques Testing Training Variant addiction age related alcohol involvement alcohol use disorder alcohol use initiation binge drinking brain behavior career career development career networking cognitive control college drinking design drinking drinking behavior executive function experimental study financial incentive global health improved innovation insight neural neuroimaging neuroregulation novel programs prospective regional difference resilience reward processing skills theories underage drinking university student young adult young adult alcohol use

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Alcohol use is a global health problem that often begins in adolescence/young adulthood. Despite extensive research efforts, effective preventative and treatment measures remain elusive. While bi-directional associations between alcohol use and brain function form the cornerstone of prominent neurobiological theories of addiction, the reciprocal relationship between alcohol use and brain function remains underexplored. This 5-year K99/R00 proposal is designed to address this fundamental gap in knowledge, through the novel application of cutting- edge techniques which overcome many of the limitations of between-subject cross-sectional designs, including low reliability and small effect sizes. It is hypothesized that neurocognitive mechanisms of decision making which underly elevated risk taking in adolescence (i.e., elevated reward processing relative to lower cognitive control) contribute to alcohol use initiation in adolescence, as well as escalation and maintenance in young adults, and that the consumption of alcohol in turn influences these same mechanisms, thereby promoting future use. Crucially, this proposal is designed to support the applicant’s transition to independence through: 1) technical training in advanced longitudinal and machine learning analysis, and the collection and analysis of precision functional mapping (PFM) data, 2) training in assessments of alcohol use behavior in young adults, and 3) professional and career development, including leadership and mentorship, grantsmanship, professional networking, publication, and scientific presentations. Aim 1 (K99) will assess prospective long-term associations between reward, cognitive control, and alcohol use in two large extant datasets of adolescents and young adults (IMAGEN: ages 14-22, N=2000; ABCD: ages 9-18, N=11,000). Analyses will use multivariate neural signatures of these processes, which are more reliable and sensitive to individual differences than regional estimates. Aims 2&3 (K99/R00) will collect the novel ALC-21 sample – a sample of college students who engage in heavy episodic drinking (N=24), who will be scanned repeatedly (8-10 scans each) over a semester, immediately following periods of elevated use (e.g., 21st birthday) and reduced use. The use of precision functional mapping (PFM) – studying an effect with large within-subject variation by acquiring large quantities of imaging data per subject – maximizes the neuroimaging signal, spatial resolution, and measurement reliability. PFM results in robust and reliable within-subject brain-behavior associations. A subset of the full sample (N=5) will be collected for Aim 2, and will be used to test the short-term effect of heavy episodic drinking on reward and cognitive control. The remainder of the sample will be collected during the R00 portion for Aim 3, which will assess bi- directional short-term associations between reward, cognitive control, and alcohol use. Together, these studies will provide fundamental insights into the reciprocal relationship between alcohol use and brain function, both over the long-term and in the short-term. Further, completing this training plan will prepare the applicant to lead an innovative research program as an independent investigator.

项目摘要/摘要饮酒是一个全球健康问题，通常始于青少年/成年。尽管很广泛研究工作，有效的预防措施和治疗措施仍然难以捉摸。而双向关联在酒精使用和脑功能之间形成了重要神经生物学理论的基石，酒精使用与大脑功能之间的相互关系仍然没有被逐渐倍增。这五年的K99/R00 提案旨在通过新颖的削减应用来解决知识的这一基本差距 - 边缘技术克服了受试者间横截面设计的许多局限性，包括低可靠性和小效应大小。假设决策的神经认知机制青少年的潜在风险升高（即相对于较低的认知控制的奖励处理提高）为青少年的饮酒倡议以及年轻人的升级和维持饮酒的消费反过来影响了这些相同的机制，从而促进了未来的使用。至关重要的是，该建议旨在支持申请人通过以下方面的过渡到独立性的过渡：1）技术高级纵向和机器学习分析的培训，以及精确的收集和分析功能映射（PFM）数据，2）在评估年轻人的饮酒行为的培训，3）专业和职业发展，包括领导力和心态，授予技巧，专业网络，出版和科学演示。 AIM 1（K99）将评估潜在的长期协会在两个大量的青少年和年轻人的数据集中，奖励，认知控制和饮酒之间（成像：14-22岁，n = 2000； ABCD：9-18岁，n = 11,000）。分析将使用多元神经特征在这些过程中，与区域估计相比，这些过程对个体差异更可靠和敏感。目标 2＆3（K99/r00）将收集新颖的ALC-21样本 - 一个从事沉重的大学生样本情节饮酒（n = 24），他将在一个学期中反复扫描（每次8-10次扫描），立即以下使用时间升高（例如21岁生日）和减少使用。使用精密功能映射（PFM） - 通过每次获得大量成像数据来研究具有较大受试者内部变化的效果受试者 - 最大化神经成像信号，空间分辨率和测量可靠性。 PFM导致强大而可靠的主体内脑行为联想。将收集完整样本的子集（n = 5）用于AIM 2，并将用于测试大量饮酒对奖励和认知能力的短期影响控制。剩余的样本将在R00部分中的AIM 3收集，这将评估Bi- 奖励，认知控制和饮酒之间的方向短期关联。在一起，这些研究将提供对酒精使用与大脑功能之间相互关系的基本见解长期和短期。此外，完成该培训计划将使申请人为领导作为独立研究者的创新研究计划。