Ethical collaborations between substance abuse researchers and community groups

药物滥用研究人员和社区团体之间的道德合作

• 批准号: 8922642
• 负责人: Peter John Davidson
• 金额: $ 28.08万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-05-01 至 2017-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8922642
• 关键词: AIDS prevention; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Address; Affect; Behavioral; Caring; Collaborations; Communities; DDX6 gene; Data; Decision Making; Decision Trees; Ethical Issues; Ethics; Ethnography; Funding; Future; Goals; Guidelines; HIV; HIV risk; Human Resources; Individual; Institutional Review Boards; Interview; Legal; Letters; Life; Methodology; Methods; Modeling; Monitor; Needle-Exchange Programs; Outcome; Outcomes Research; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Population; Prevalence; Process; Qualitative Methods; Recruitment Activity; Regulation; Research; Research Design; Research Methodology; Research Misconduct; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Research Subjects; Risk; Services; Site; Solutions; Structure; Study Subject; Substance abuse problem; Trust; United States; United States National Institutes of Health; Work; base; behavioral/social science; black men who have sex with men; community based participatory research; community burden; community organizations; community setting; experience; foot; high risk; human subject; innovation; men who have sex with men; outreach; public health relevance; sex; social; theories; trafficking; treatment program

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The overarching goal of this study is to advance our understanding of ethical issues that commonly emerge in interactions between HIV researchers and community-based organizations (CBOs) that serve populations at high risk for acquiring or living with HIV. By doing so, we will produce initial data essential for deriving principles which can be used to distinguish acceptable from unacceptable ways of structuring researcher/CBO relationships. Three groups of people of particular importance to HIV-related research - sex workers, Black men who have sex with men, and people who inject drugs - can be among the most difficult populations for researchers to recruit and retain in studies. Research in the U.S. with these populations has frequently involved collaboration and partnering with community based organizations (CBOs) such as AIDS service organizations, drug treatment programs, street outreach, and needle exchange programs. Despite being extremely common, these relationships between researchers and CBOs are largely unstudied, and yet have substantial practical and ethical implications. We argue that collaboration with research entails real ethical dilemmas and risks, as well as practical burdens for CBOs, just as it can do for research subjects. However, few if any of the current mechanisms for reviewing and monitoring the ethical conduct of research address or monitor researcher/CBO relationships, and few guidelines exist to assist researchers and CBOs considering such relationships. These risks can be extremely broad, and in our experience have included everything from damage to the trust relationships between a CBO and the community it serves when researchers they had publicly supported were seen as behaving 'disrespectfully' toward study subjects through to the loss of a needle exchange site due to increased foot traffic from a research project upsetting neighbors. While the vast majority of CBO/researcher interactions are positive for both parties, negative outcomes from collaborating or cooperating with HIV research mean CBOs can and do routinely make decisions to not collaborate with HIV research, an outcome which has serious ethical, social, and scientific implications. Regulation of the ethical conduct of research with human subjects is based on the application of ethical principles. Those principles were derived from empirical analysis of the commonalities shared by past cases of research misconduct. This project proposes to use two approaches to replicate this process, by empirically describing and categorizing common difficulties, risks, and burdens that arise in partnerships between HIV researchers and CBOs working with three key HIV risk/prevalence communities, and to use these data to develop a preliminary set of principles which can be used to guide future CBO/researcher collaborations.

 描述（由申请人提供）：本研究的总体目标是增进我们对艾滋病毒研究人员与社区组织 (CBO) 之间互动中常见的伦理问题的理解，这些组织为感染艾滋病毒或感染艾滋病毒的高风险人群提供服务。通过这样做，我们将产生对于推导原则至关重要的初始数据，这些原则可用于区分对艾滋病毒相关研究特别重要的三类人——性工作者、患有艾滋病的黑人男性。与 发生性关系男性和注射吸毒者可能是研究人员最难招募和保留的人群之一。在美国，针对这些人群的研究经常涉及与艾滋病服务组织等社区组织 (CBO) 的合作和伙伴关系。尽管药物治疗计划、街头推广和针具交换计划极为常见，但研究人员和社区组织之间的这些关系在很大程度上未经研究，但我们认为，与研究的合作会带来真正的道德困境和风险。又实用然而，目前用于审查和监督研究道德行为的机制很少（如果有的话）能够解决或监控研究人员/CBO 的关系，并且很少有指导方针可以帮助研究人员和 CBO 考虑此类问题。这些风险可能非常广泛，根据我们的经验，这些风险包括一切，从当他们公开支持的研究人员被认为对研究对象表现出“不尊重”时，CBO 与其所服务的社区之间的信任关系受到损害，到失去针交换部位由于虽然绝大多数 CBO/研究人员的互动对双方都是积极的，但合作或与 HIV 研究合作的负面结果意味着 CBO 可以并且确实会做出不与 HIV 研究合作的决定。对人类受试者研究的道德行为的监管是基于对过去研究不当行为案例的共性的实证分析。项目建议使用两个复制这一过程的方法，通过经验描述和分类艾滋病毒研究人员和社区组织与三个主要艾滋病毒风险/流行社区合作时出现的常见困难、风险和负担，并利用这些数据制定一套初步原则，可用于指导未来 CBO/研究人员的合作。