Genetic origin, developmental mechanism, and evolutionary process of a novel phenotype in Mimulus (monkeyflowers)

酸浆菌（猴花）新表型的遗传起源、发育机制和进化过程

基本信息

批准号：
10341122
负责人：
Yaowu Yuan
金额：
$ 29.92万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT STORRS
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-03-01 至 2024-02-29
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10341122
关键词：
Address Anabolism Anthocyanins Automobile Driving Behavioral Biology Butterflies Chemicals Chromosome Mapping Color Complex Correlation Studies Development Distant Evolution Flowers Frequencies Gene Expression Profiling Gene Mutation Generations Genes Genetic Genetic Drift Genetic Transcription Genomics Goals Habitats Horns Human Inbreeding Investigation Lateral MYB gene Mimulus Molecular Morphology Mutagenesis Mutation Nature Order Coleoptera Organism Pattern Pattern Formation Phenotype Pigmentation physiologic function Pigments Plant Leaves Plants Population Pregnancy Process Protocols documentation Research Role Source Stress Structure System Testing Time Transgenic Organisms Translating Turtles Work base causal variant experimental study fascinate genetic analysis genetic resource innovation insight member mutant novel programs promoter tool trait virtual

项目摘要

Project Summary The emergence of qualitatively distinct new structures or patterns (e.g., turtle shells, beetle horns, butterfly color patterns, plant flowers) is one of the most fascinating aspects of organismal evolution. How such novel, complex traits have originated and evolved remains one of the most important yet challenging problems of evolutionary biology. It is widely assumed that novel structures or patterns arise by co-option or rewiring of pre-existing developmental programs, but we know very little about the specific genetic changes that trigger such co-option or developmental rewiring, how the genetic changes translate to novel phenotypes, what kind of developmental pre-settings or cryptic pre-patterns are required for the the trigger gene(s) to produce the novel phenotype and how these cryptic pre-patterns come about, and how the novel phenotypes rise in frequency in natural habitats (i.e., the evolutionary process). This project is to address these fundamental questions by studying a novel, qualitatively distinct, pigmentation pattern that evolved very recently in a wild population of Mimulus verbenaceus (crimson monkeyflower), a species amenable to genetic and developmental manipulations as well as evolutionary analyses or/and ecological interrogations. We propose to: (i) Identify the causal gene and mutation(s) underlying the novel pigmentation pattern by genetic mapping and transgenic experiments; (ii) Characterize the developmental pre-settings (cryptic pre- patterns) required for the formation of the novel pigmentation pattern by identifying multiple upstream activators and repressors, through analysis of chemically induced mutants with altered pigmentation patterns; (iii) Elucidate the evolutionary process through which the novel phenotype rose in frequency in the natural habitat by population genomics analyses and field experiments. We anticipate that these studies will, for the first time, provide a detailed view of the genetic and developmental mechanisms as well as the evolutionary process driving the emergence of a novel phenotype in nature. The successful completion of this project is also expected to help move the field forward by shifting the focus from correlational studies and just-so stories of morphological innovations that happened in the distant past, to rigorous genetic, developmental, and evolutionary analyses of novel phenotypes that are still in the initial stage of emergence.

项目摘要定性不同的新结构或图案的出现（例如，乌龟壳，甲虫角，蝴蝶颜色模式，植物花）是生物进化最迷人的方面之一。如何这样新颖的，复杂的特征是起源和发展的，仍然是最重要但最具挑战性的之一进化生物学问题。广泛认为，新颖的结构或模式是通过合作而产生的重新启用了先前存在的发展计划，但我们对特定遗传变化知之甚少这会触发这种合作或发展的重新布线，遗传变化如何转化为新颖表型，触发器需要什么样的发育预插或隐性预知基因生产新的表型以及这些神秘的预故事是如何产生的，以及小说如何自然栖息地（即进化过程）的频率上升。这个项目是为了解决这些基本问题通过研究一种新颖的，定性的，色素沉着的模式最近，在狂野的Mimulus verbenaceus（深红色的猴子花）中遗传和发育操作以及进化分析或/和生态学询问。我们建议：（i）确定通过遗传图和转基因实验；（ii）表征发育预定的特征（隐秘的预性模式）通过识别多个上游来形成新型色素沉着模式激活剂和阻遏物通过分析化学诱导的突变体，色素沉着改变模式；（iii）阐明了新表型在频率中上升的进化过程人口基因组学分析和现场实验的自然栖息地。我们预计这些研究将首次提供遗传和发育机制的详细观点以及进化过程推动了自然界中新型表型的出现。成功完成预计该项目将通过转移相关研究的重点来帮助推动该领域的前进以及遥远过去发生的形态创新的故事，严格的遗传，新表型的发展和进化分析仍处于初始阶段出现。