Fruit and vegetable intervention in lactating women to reduce breast cancer risk: effects on breast cell DNA methylation, breast inflammation, and weight

哺乳期妇女的水果和蔬菜干预可降低乳腺癌风险：对乳腺细胞 DNA 甲基化、乳房炎症和体重的影响

• 批准号: 10445260
• 负责人: Kathleen Frances Arcaro
• 金额: $ 106.97万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS AMHERST
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-06-06 至 2024-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10445260
• 关键词: Address; Adult; American; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Bilateral; Biological; Biological Markers; Blood; Body Weight; Body fat; Breast; Breast Cancer Risk Factor; Breast Epithelial Cells; Breast Feeding; Cancer Etiology; Carotenoids; Cells; Chemopreventive Agent; Consumption; Counseling; DNA Methylation; Data; Diet; Dietary Assessment; Dietary Intervention; Event; Food; Future; Growth; Human Milk; Infant; Infant Health; Inflammation; Inflammatory; Institutes; Intake; Intervention; Intervention Studies; Intervention Trial; Knowledge; Lactation; Level of Evidence; Life Cycle Stages; Link; Literature; Longterm Follow-up; Massachusetts; Maternal Health; Measurement; Measures; Modeling; Molecular; Monitor; Mothers; Motivation; Nutrient; Observational Study; Organ; Participant; Pathway interactions; Pigments; Population; Postpartum Period; Postpartum Women; Pregnancy; Prevention; Property; Puberty; Questionnaires; Randomized; Reporting; Research Design; Resources; Risk; Sampling; Skin; Suggestion; Testing; Vegetables; Weaning; Weight; Weight Gain; Woman; anticancer research; behavior change; cancer prevention; comparison intervention; cytokine; dietary control; dietary guidelines; fruits and vegetables; healthy weight; improved; in vivo; malignant breast neoplasm; maternal weight; mother nutrition; nursing mothers; older women; postpartum breast cancer; postpartum weight; pregnancy-associated breast cancer; prevent; recruit; stool sample; study population; treatment arm; young woman

Project Summary/Abstract Fruit and vegetable intervention in lactating women to reduce breast cancer risk: effects on breast cell DNA methylation, breast inflammation, and weight Mechanistic data show that compounds in fruits and vegetables have anti-inflammatory and anti-carcinogenic properties that can reduce breast cancer risk. However, observational and interventional studies have provided mixed results, and a recent report by the American Institute for Cancer Research (AICR) concludes that the data are insufficient but suggestive that non-starchy vegetables and foods containing carotenoids reduce risk. Measurement error, relatively low levels of carotenoid-rich fruit and vegetable intake in the study populations, emphasis on diet in later adulthood, and confounding factors likely contribute to the weak associations. Therefore, we will conduct a randomized diet intervention trial in young women to assess the extent to which at least 8 to 10 daily servings of deeply pigmented and nutrient dense fruits and vegetables reduces biomarkers of breast cancer risk. The intervention is focused on breastfeeding women because: 1) pregnancy and lactation are normal early life course events; 2) the risk of pregnancy-associated breast cancer (PABC) is increased for up to 10 years postpartum; 3) a dietary intervention to reverse the detrimental molecular changes associated with puberty and pregnancy is more likely to be successful in younger than in older women; 4) a diet rich in fruits and vegetables is hypothesized to reduce the inflammation during lactation/weaning and lower PABC risk; 5) postpartum lactating women may be a highly motivated population; and 6) breastmilk provides access to the breast microenvironment and breast epithelial cells to noninvasively assess the diet intervention directly in the breast. Four hundred nursing mothers will be randomly assigned to either the intervention arm, in which they are asked to increase fruit and vegetable intake to at least 8 to 10 daily servings for one year, or to a control condition in which participants receive a dietary guideline for breastfeeding mothers. Women in the intervention arm will receive counseling and boxes of fruits and vegetables for the first 20 weeks, after which they will continue to receive counseling. Changes in DNA methylation and cytokine profiles in breastmilk will be evaluated. Maternal weight and body fat distribution, and infant growth will be monitored. These results will greatly expand our knowledge of how diet alters molecular pathways in a specific organ, ultimately contributing to both breast cancer etiology and prevention. Additionally, objective favorable results observed in the breasts of young women can potentially contribute to important behavior changes aimed at reducing risk.

项目摘要/摘要 水果和蔬菜干预以减少乳腺癌风险的哺乳妇女：对乳腺细胞的影响 DNA甲基化，乳房炎症和体重 机械数据表明，水果和蔬菜中的化合物具有抗炎和抗癌作用 可以降低乳腺癌风险的特性。但是，观察和介入研究提供了 混合的结果以及美国癌症研究所（AICR）的最新报告得出的结论是 数据不足，但暗示非淀粉蔬菜和含类胡萝卜素的食物降低了风险。 测量误差，相对较低的类胡萝卜素水果水果和研究人群中的蔬菜摄入量， 在成年后期强调饮食，混淆因素可能导致弱关联。 因此，我们将对年轻女性进行随机饮食干预试验，以评估 至少每天的8至10份深层色素和营养致密的水果和蔬菜可减少生物标志物 乳腺癌风险。干预措施的重点是母乳喂养妇女，因为：1）怀孕和 泌乳是正常的早期生活课程事件； 2）妊娠相关乳腺癌（PABC）的风险为 产后长达10年； 3）饮食干预以扭转有害分子的变化 与年轻女性相比，与青春期和怀孕有关的可能性更大。 4） 假设富含水果和蔬菜的饮食以减少泌乳/断奶过程中的炎症和降低 PABC风险； 5）产后哺乳女性可能是一个积极进取的人群； 6）母乳提供 进入乳房微环境和乳房上皮细胞，以无创评估饮食干预 直接在乳房中。四百名护理母亲将被随机分配给干预部门 他们被要求将水果和蔬菜摄入量增加到至少8至10份，或者一年，或 参与者获得母乳喂养母亲的饮食指南的控制条件。女人在 干预臂将在最初的20周内收到咨询和盒子的水果和蔬菜 他们将继续接受咨询。母乳中DNA甲基化和细胞因子谱的变化将是 评估。孕产妇的体重和体内脂肪分布以及婴儿的生长将受到监测。这些结果将会 极大地扩展了我们对饮食如何改变特定器官分子途径的了解，最终导致 乳腺癌病因和预防。另外，在乳房中观察到的客观有利结果 年轻妇女可能会导致旨在降低风险的重要行为变化。