Neurogenetics of Vision

视觉神经遗传学

• 批准号: 10213734
• 负责人: Yang Hu
• 金额: $ 25.25万
• 依托单位: STANFORD UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-09-30 至 2022-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10213734
• 关键词: Animal Model; Animals; Behavior; Brain; Calcium; Candidate Disease Gene; Cells; Dyes; Electrophysiology (science); Ensure; Experimental Genetics; Failure; Feedback; Genes; Genetic; Genetic Transcription; Image; Individual; Information Dissemination; Label; Laboratories; Modernization; Monitor; Morphology; Mutation; Neurons; Pattern; Pharmacology; Postdoctoral Fellow; Production; Proteins; Reagent; Records; Research Personnel; Resources; Retina; Rodent; Serotyping; Students; Testing; Time; Transgenes; Transgenic Animals; Transgenic Organisms; Universities; Viral; Virus; Vision; Vision Disorders; Vision research; Visual; Visual system structure; base; cell type; chemical genetics; cost; design; fly; genetic technology; human disease; in vivo; innovation; interest; neurogenetics; prevent; skills; success; tool; visual neuroscience; voltage

NEUROGENETICS OF VISION PROJECT SUMMARY Genetics and in particular, genetic-based approaches such as transgenes and viruses that enable researchers to express proteins of interest in desired sets of neurons in the retina and brain, are pivotal to make significant progress in modern basic visual neuroscience and toward the treatment of visual disorders. The last decade has brought forth a wide and powerful arsenal of genetic tools for identifying the neurons that comprise the visual system of flies and rodents. Because they enable delivery of a wide range of gene cargo, such tools also allow for selective manipulation of cells of interest. Indeed, in comparison to just a decade ago, nowadays it is straightforward to label a given cell type in vivo, and thereby visualize its unique morphology, and then compare it to other cells of different types, selectivity target them for electrophysiology, calcium- or voltage-dye imaging, and then reversibly silence or activate them. Last but not least, genetic tools can be leveraged to explore the signature pattern of RNA expression present in different cell types in order to probe their homology across species and/or relevance to mutations associated with human diseases.

视力神经遗传学 项目摘要 遗传学，特别是基于遗传的方法，例如转基因和病毒，使研究人员能够 在视网膜和大脑中的所需神经元集中表达感兴趣的蛋白质，至关重要 现代基本视觉神经科学和视觉障碍治疗的进展。最后十年 已经提出了广泛而强大的遗传工具，以识别构成视觉的神经元 苍蝇和啮齿动物系统。因为它们能够提供各种基因货物，所以此类工具也允许 用于选择性操纵感兴趣的细胞。确实，与十年前相比，如今 直接在体内标记给定的细胞类型，从而可视化其独特的形态，然后比较 它针对其他类型的细胞，选择性针对电生理学，钙或电压-DYE成像， 然后可逆地沉默或激活它们。最后但并非最不重要的一点是，可以利用遗传工具来探索 在不同的细胞类型中存在的RNA表达的签名模式，以探测其跨越的同源性 物种和/或与与人类疾病相关的突变相关。