Population Dynamics in the Oculomotor System

动眼神经系统的群体动态

• 批准号: 10390470
• 负责人: Neeraj J Gandhi
• 金额: $ 36.96万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2024-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10390470
• 关键词: Algorithms; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Attenuated; Behavioral; Behavioral Paradigm; Biomimetics; Brain; Cognition; Cognition Disorders; Cognitive; Development; Dimensions; Disease; Electrodes; Environment; Event; Exhibits; Frequencies; Generations; Gold; Individual; Knowledge; Lead; Mediating; Memory; Motor; Movement; Movement Disorders; Nervous system structure; Neurons; Parkinson Disease; Patients; Population; Population Analysis; Population Dynamics; Saccades; Schizophrenia; Sensory; Stimulus; Structure; Synapses; System; Systems Analysis; Testing; Time; Visual; base; brain computer interface; cognitive load; cognitive process; cognitive task; dynamic system; executive function; improved; neural prosthesis; neuromechanism; novel; oculomotor; relating to nervous system; response; sample fixation; sensory stimulus; statistics; success; superior colliculus Corpora quadrigemina; visual motor

PROJECT SUMMARY Sensorimotor transformations are mediated by premotor brain networks where individual neurons represent sensory, cognitive, and movement-related information. In the superior colliculus (SC), a central hub for producing visually-guided saccadic eye movements, many neurons are active during all three stages, emitting transient, high-frequency bursts of spikes during the sensory and motor events and exhibiting persistent, lower firing rate activity in-between the bursts. The mixed-selectivity to multiple dimensions of information exemplifies a potentially efficient mode of information representation by the nervous system, but it also raises crucial questions: What features differentiate the two bursts, and how does a decoder know precisely when to initiate a movement if its inputs are active at times when a movement is not desired (e.g., in response to sensory stimulation)? What information is encoded in the low-frequency activity, and how is it modulated during different cognitive demands? We reason that the answers to these questions lie not in the activity of individual neurons but rather across the population of active neurons and in the temporal dynamics. Specific Aim 1 tests various neural mechanisms of movement initiation by quantifying features that differentiate the sensory and motor bursts across the SC population. Specific Aim 2 focuses on the low-frequency activity that intervenes between the two bursts. We will use a dynamical systems approach to characterize how the neural trajectory evolves during sensorimotor transformation and how it differs for tasks with different cognitive loads. The ability to discriminate neural trajectories according to task demands indicates a potential mechanism by which different dimensions of information can be multiplexed into the same population of neurons.

项目摘要 感觉运动转化是由单个神经元代表的前脑网络介导的 感官，认知和与运动有关的信息。在上丘（SC）中，一个中央集线器 产生视觉引导的囊泡眼动作，许多神经元在所有三个阶段都活跃，发射 在感觉和运动事件期间，短暂的，高频的尖峰爆发，并表现出持久，较低 爆发之间的发射速率活动。对信息的多个维度的混合选择性示例 神经系统的潜在高效信息表示方式，但也提高了至关重要的 问题：什么特征区别于两次爆发，解码器如何精确地知道何时启动 如果在不需要运动时其输入有时是活跃的运动（例如，对感觉 刺激）？低频活动中编码了哪些信息，以及如何调制 不同的认知需求？我们认为这些问题的答案不在于个人的活动 神经元，而是跨越活性神经元和时间动力学的人群。特定的目标1测试 通过量化区分感觉和 马达在SC人群中爆发。特定的目标2着重于介入的低频活动 在两个爆发之间。我们将使用动态系统方法来表征神经轨迹的方式 在感觉运动转换过程中演变，以及它如何在不同认知载荷的任务方面差异。能力 根据任务要求区分神经轨迹，表明了一种潜在的机制 不同的信息维度可以多路复用到相同的神经元中。