Greater Caribbean Center for Ciguatera Research

大加勒比雪卡研究中心

基本信息

批准号：
10207630
负责人：
Michael Parsons
金额：
$ 2.81万
依托单位：
FLORIDA GULF COAST UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-09-30 至 2024-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10207630
关键词：
Abdominal Pain Affect Alabama Bradycardia Caribbean region Cell Wall Cells Cellular biology Ciguatera Poisoning Ciguatoxins Communities Consumption Coupled Detection Development Diagnosis Diarrhea Dinophyceae Disease Disease Outbreaks Dysesthesias Education Event Exposure to Fisheries Fishes Florida Flowers Food Webs Frequencies Future Gambierdiscus Gardenal Geography Goals High temperature of physical object Hypotension Institutes Institution Ion Channel Gating Island Laboratories Link Lipids Louisiana Malignant Neoplasms Measures Medical Membrane Metabolic Biotransformation Metabolism Mexico Molecular Movement Muscle Myalgia Nature Nausea Nerve Nerve Tissue Neurologic Signs Neurologic Symptoms Neurotoxins Oceanography Output Permeability Physiological Play Prevention Process Production Pruritus Public Health Puerto Rico Research Research Project Grants Rest Risk Role Science Scientist Sea Seafood Secure Stress Surface Symptoms Temperature Testing Tetrodotoxin Texas Toxic effect Toxin Translating United States United States Virgin Islands Universities Vomiting Water Wood material Work base bioaccumulation climate change community engagement contaminated seafood coral economic impact experience exposed human population gastrointestinal symptom genotoxicity gulf coast mortality neuronal excitability novel organizational structure response seafood poisoning sodium ion synergism toxic algae voltage

项目摘要

Ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP) is the most common form of phycotoxin-borne seafood illness across the globe, affecting tens of thousands of people annually. CFP is caused by the consumption of seafood (primarily reef fish) contaminated with ciguatoxins. Gambiertoxins, precursors of ciguatoxins produced by the (sub)tropical benthic dinoflagellate genus Gambierdiscus, enter reef food webs when herbivores and detritivores consume Gambierdiscus directly or indirectly by grazing on macroalgae. These precursor molecules are transferred to higher trophic levels by bioaccumulation, bioconversion and biomagnification until they reach predatory finfish species that are targeted in many commercial and recreational fisheries. When people subsequently consume the contaminated fish, they are exposed to the toxins, thereby experiencing CFP. Historically, CFP outbreaks have been linked with warm water temperatures and coral reef impacts, both of which are expected to increase in the setting of climate change. Consequently, CFP is predicted to increase on geographic and temporal scales. For example, although CFP is endemic to the Caribbean, the Florida Keys, and South Florida, CFP appears to be expanding northwards into the Gulf of Mexico, highlighted by the recent identification of toxic fish in the Flower Garden Marine Sanctuary off of the Texas/Louisiana coast. Ciguatoxin is a novel type of voltage-gated ion channel toxin. In nerve tissues, ciguatoxin causes a tetrodotoxin-sensitive increase in sodium ion permeability and depolarization of the resting membrane. Depending on the magnitude of the depolarization, the consequence can be an increase in excitability of the neuronal membrane or a depolarizing type of conduction block at high concentrations. The onset of CFP is typically characterized by gastrointestinal and neurological symptoms and signs typically persist for days to weeks, with vomiting, diarrhea, nausea, abdominal pain, dysesthesia, pruritus, myalgia being common. Severe cases of ciguatera may involve hypotension and bradycardia, but fatalities are rare. Occasionally, neurological signs may persist for several months. Remarkably, the diagnosis of ciguatera is still largely dependent on the astuteness of the clinician. In the absence of a confirmatory laboratory test, a sizable proportion of cases still go undiagnosed and unreported. The enigmatic nature of CFP events, coupled with a lack of sustained scientific research on the environmental and physiological factors that contribute to outbreaks, has hindered progress in the development of management strategies to protect people against exposure to ciguatoxins. The purpose of this project, therefore, is to establish a Greater Caribbean Center for Ciguatera Research to 1) examine the role climate change may play in the geographic and temporal expansion of CFP into more temperate latitudes; 2) obtain a better understanding of the toxic metabolites produced by certain Gambierdiscus strains, and the subsequent transfer and biotransformation of these compounds into coastal/reef food webs; and 3) study the genotoxicity and impacts on cellular metabolism caused by these toxins upon exposure.

Ciguatera鱼中毒（CFP）是全球植物毒素传播的海鲜疾病的最常见形式，每年影响成千上万的人。 CFP是由海鲜消耗引起的（主要是礁石鱼）被雪茄毒素污染。甘比毒素，（亚）热带产生的雪茄毒素的前体底栖鞭毛虫属gambierdiscus，在食草动物和逐渐消耗的时候进入礁石食品网直接或间接地放牧大藻类。这些前体分子被转移到通过生物积累，生物转化和生物磁化，直到到达掠食性鳍鱼通过较高的营养水平针对许多商业和休闲渔业的物种。当人们随后消费被污染的鱼，它们暴露于毒素中，从而经历了CFP。从历史上看，CFP爆发与温水温度和珊瑚礁的影响有关，这两者都会增加在气候变化的环境中。因此，预计CFP会在地理和时间尺度上增加。例如，尽管CFP是加勒比海地区，佛罗里达钥匙和南佛罗里达州的特有向北扩展到墨西哥湾，这是由于最近对花中有毒鱼的鉴定而强调的德克萨斯州/路易斯安那州海岸附近的花园海洋保护区。雪茄毒素是一种新型的电压门控离子通道毒素。在神经组织中，雪茄毒素会导致钠离子渗透性增加四毒素敏感性和静止膜的去极化。根据去极化的大小，结果可能是神经元膜的兴奋性或去极化类型的传导的增加高浓度的阻滞。 CFP的发作通常以胃肠道和神经功能为特征症状和体征通常会持续数天到几周，呕吐，腹泻，恶心，腹痛，发抖，瘙痒，肌痛很常见。严重的Ciguatera病例可能涉及低血压和心动过缓，但死亡很少见。有时，神经系统迹象可能会持续几个月。值得注意的是 Ciguatera的诊断仍然在很大程度上取决于临床医生的敏锐度。在没有确认实验室测试，相当一部分病例仍未被诊断和未报告。神秘的 CFP事件的性质，再加上对环境和生理的持续科学研究导致暴发的因素，阻碍了管理策略发展的进展保护人们免于暴露于雪茄毒素。因此，该项目的目的是建立更大的加勒比海雪茄研究中心至1）检查气候变化在地理和 CFP的时间扩展到更温和的纬度； 2）更好地了解有毒某些gambierdiscus菌株产生的代谢产物以及随后的转移和生物转化这些化合物进入沿海/礁石食品网； 3）研究遗传毒性和对细胞代谢的影响暴露时这些毒素引起。