Impact of Multisensory Function on Symptomatology in Young Children with ASD

多感觉功能对自闭症幼儿症状的影响

• 批准号: 10205977
• 负责人: R. Joanne Jao Keehn
• 金额: $ 19.59万
• 依托单位: SAN DIEGO STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-06-01 至 2023-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10205977
• 关键词: 7 year old; Age; Anisotropy; Applications Grants; Behavior; Behavioral; Behavioral Mechanisms; Brain; Child; Clinical; Cognitive; Development; Diffuse; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Discrimination; Disease; Early Diagnosis; Early Intervention; Environment; Etiology; Evaluation; Exhibits; Frequencies; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Functional disorder; Goals; Heterogeneity; Image; Impairment; Individual; Individual Differences; Investigation; K-Series Research Career Programs; Knowledge; Link; Literature; Machine Learning; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Measures; Mentorship; Modality; Neuropsychology; Outcome; Pattern; Population; Prevalence; Psychology; Psychophysics; Public Health; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Rest; Sensory; Sensory Manifestations; Severities; Social Interaction; Stereotyping; Stimulus; Structure; Symptoms; System; TEP1 gene; Testing; Time; Training; Universities; Vision; Visual; autism spectrum disorder; autistic children; base; behavior measurement; behavioral impairment; brain behavior; career; cognitive development; cognitive neuroscience; comparative; developmental psychology; experience; falls; haptics; imaging modality; indexing; individuals with autism spectrum disorder; machine learning method; multidisciplinary; multimodality; multisensory; neural patterning; neurobehavioral; neuroimaging; neuromechanism; peer; relating to nervous system; repetitive behavior; response; sensory cortex; sensory discrimination; sensory input; sensory integration; sensory stimulus; somatosensory; support network; symptomatology; tool

Project Summary/Abstract Atypical responses to sensory stimuli are highly prevalent in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Somatosensory sensitivities in particular occur prominently and with high frequency in the disorder. While core symptomatology is comprised of both sensory dysfunctions and sociocommunicative deficits, the impact of aberrant somatosensory and multisensory processing on sociocommunication abilities remains unknown. It is not well-understood how sensory discrimination anomalies predict later sociocommunicative impairment, or which manifestations of sensory abnormalities result in more severe outcomes. Thus, the objective of this proposal is to investigate the behavioral and neural patterns underlying somatosensory and multisensory discrimination abnormalities longitudinally in young children with ASD compared to TD peers at 4-5 years and 6-7 years of age and identify potential patterns of developmental causality between sensory and sociocommunicative impairments. We theorize that behavioral dysfunction and disruptions in functional and structural connectivity between neural systems in ASD interfere with normative development. Within this theoretical framework, we make three key predictions regarding sensory processing in ASD: (1) Behavioral manifestations of sensory discrimination anomalies in ASD will be objectively observable and quantifiable; (2) functional and structural connectivity patterns within and between sensory and multisensory networks will be atypical; and (3) these atypical network connections will be linked to behavioral manifestations of sensory abnormalities, and combined will predict later sociocommunicative impairments. To examine these hypotheses, we propose a longitudinal and multimodal approach, including behavioral measures, task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), resting state functional connectivity MRI (fcMRI), diffusion weighted imaging (DWI), and neuropsychological indices, along with machine- learning methods, which will be able to reveal distinct patterns within and across modalities, and pinpoint patterns that may most heavily impact autism symptomatology in young children. The distinct strengths of this proposal lie in the application of quantitative behavioral measures to examine sensory discrimination thresholds in young developmental populations, in combination with the use of advanced neuroimaging tools to measure functional activity and (functional and structural) network connectivity between multiple brain systems and the implementation of machine-learning predictive approaches. The proposed training plan incorporates analytic approaches to multimodal neuroimaging and machine-learning, as well as training in neuropsychological evaluation and assessment, which are essential to the applicant's research goals of investigating sensory abnormalities in, and atypical development of, the brain and behavior. This career development award will permit her to develop new expertise necessary for successful completion of the proposed research, while building upon her extensive experience of multisensory development and functional neuroimaging in young children. The Psychology Department at San Diego State University, together with the carefully selected mentorship team, will create an exceptional training environment to further her long-term career goal to become a successful, independent autism researcher in the field of developmental cognitive neuroscience with a focus on sensorimotor processing.

项目摘要/摘要 对感觉刺激的非典型反应在自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）中非常普遍。体感 特别是敏感性突出发生，并且在疾病中频率高。而核心症状是 由感觉功能障碍和社会交流性缺陷，异常体感和 关于社会通信能力的多感觉处理仍然未知。这不是很好地理解 歧视异常预测后来的社会传说障碍或感觉异常的表现 导致更严重的结果。因此，该提议的目的是研究行为和神经模式 ASD的年幼儿童纵向纵向的体感和多感官歧视异常 与4-5岁和6-7岁的TD同龄人相比，并确定了潜在的发展因果关系模式 感官和社交障碍。我们对功能和功能中的破坏进行了理论化和 ASD中神经系统之间的结构连通性干扰了规范发展。在这个理论上 框架，我们对ASD中的感官处理做出了三个关键预测：（1） ASD中的感觉歧视异常将是客观地观察和可量化的。 （2）功能和结构 感官和多感官网络内部和之间的连接模式将是非典型的。 （3）这些非典型 网络连接将与感觉异常的行为表现相关 社交障碍。为了审查这些假设，我们提出了一种纵向和多模式的方法， 包括行为度量，基于任务的功能磁共振成像（fMRI），静止状态功能 连通性MRI（FCMRI），扩散加权成像（DWI）和神经心理学指数以及机器 - 学习方法，它将能够揭示跨模式内和跨模式的不同模式，并指出这些模式 可能最严重影响幼儿自闭症症状。该提议的独特优势在于 应用定量行为措施来检查年轻发育中的感觉歧视阈值 种群，结合使用高级神经影像学工具来测量功能活动和功能（功能 和结构性）多个大脑系统之间的网络连接和机器学习的实现 预测方法。 拟议的培训计划结合了多模式神经影像和机器学习的分析方法， 以及神经心理学评估和评估的培训，这对于申请人的研究目标至关重要 调查大脑和行为的感觉异常和非典型发育。这个职业发展 奖项将使她能够成功完成拟议的研究所必需的新专业知识，而 基于她在幼儿中对多感觉发展和功能性神经影像学的丰富经验。这 圣地亚哥州立大学心理学系以及精心挑选的指导团队将创建 一个杰出的培训环境，以进一步发展她的长期职业目标，成为成功，独立的自闭症 发育认知神经科学领域的研究人员着重于感觉运动处理。