Neurobiobehavioral markers of stress, saliency, and multisensory dysfunction in autism

自闭症患者压力、显着性和多感觉功能障碍的神经生物行为标志物

• 批准号: 10735767
• 负责人: R. Joanne Jao Keehn
• 金额: $ 74.33万
• 依托单位: SAN DIEGO STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-08-01 至 2028-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10735767
• 关键词: 10 year old; Anatomy; Anxiety; Area; Auditory; Behavior; Behavioral; Behavioral Mechanisms; Biological; Caregivers; Child; Cognitive; Collection; Complex; Cues; Data; Detection; Development; Discrimination; Emotional; Environment; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Functional disorder; Goals; Hydrocortisone; Impairment; Intervention; Link; MRI Scans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Maps; Measures; Mental Depression; Modality; Pattern; Psychophysics; Questionnaires; Reaction Time; Reporting; Research; Research Project Grants; Rest; Risk; Salivary; Sensory; Severities; Stress; Symptoms; Tactile; Uncertainty; Visceral; Vision; Visual; aged; autism spectrum disorder; autistic children; behavior measurement; behavioral response; biological adaptation to stress; diagnostic criteria; directed attention; indexing; information gathering; information processing; multimodality; multisensory; neural; neural circuit; neuromechanism; peer; response; sensory discrimination; sensory input; sensory integration; social; somatosensory; stress reactivity; symptomatology; theories

PROJECT SUMMARY Sensory abnormalities are commonly observed in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). In early interactions with caregivers, visual, auditory, and somatosensory processing is integral to social interchanges and helps direct attention toward important cues. The integration of sensory information aids in detecting salient features of the external environment. In ASD, however, there is evidence of atypical multisensory integration and disrupted salience processing. Ineffective integration and saliency detection of sensory information likely contribute to cognitive and emotional overload and uncertainty, and increased stress reactivity. Elevated stress (e.g., cortisol) associated with sensory dysfunction in ASD may further compound core symptomatology and contribute to later development of internalizing symptoms (e.g., anxiety) frequently co-occurring in ASD. Sensory abnormalities are often correlated with internalizing symptoms in ASD children, although the underlying neural and behavioral mechanisms are unclear. Therefore, this research project will investigate the relationship between multisensory integration, salience processing, and stress reactivity, and establish how abnormalities in these domains are associated with internalizing symptoms in ASD. These relations will be examined in ASD children (n=115) and typically developing peers (n=115) between 7 and 10 years of age, when complex multisensory integration begins to stabilize and risk of developing internalizing symptoms increases. We theorize that deficits in low-level sensory processing disrupt both high-level multisensory integration and saliency detection, which are linked to internalizing symptoms; we further hypothesize these links to be moderated by stress reactivity in ASD. The proposed research aims to: (1) characterize multisensory integration in the context of saliency detection of sensory information in children with ASD; (2) map activity and functional connectivity of the neural circuits underlying multisensory integration and salience processing; (3) examine associations between subjective measures of reported sensory responsivity, quantitative measures of multisensory integration and saliency detection, and stress reactivity; and (4) relate neural and behavioral measures of multisensory integration and salience processing, as well as indices of stress reactivity, to co-occurring internalizing symptoms reported in children with ASD. This project will implement a multimodal approach, including the collection of quantitative psychophysical discrimination response thresholds (to visual, auditory, somatosensory, and multisensory stimulation), biological indicators of stress reactivity (i.e., salivary cortisol), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data (i.e., task and resting state functional connectivity MRI, anatomical MRI), subjective caregiver-report questionnaires, and cognitive and psychodiagnostic assessments. The findings will elucidate the links between neurobiobehavioral mechanisms underpinning multisensory integration, salience processing, and manifestations of stress, as well as internalizing conditions in children with autism.

项目摘要 自闭症谱系障碍儿童（ASD）通常观察到感觉异常。在早期 与护理人员，视觉，听觉和体感处理的互动是社交交互不可或缺的 并有助于将注意力引向重要提示。感觉信息的整合有助于检测显着 外部环境的特征。然而，在ASD中，有非典型多感官整合的证据和 破坏了显着处理。无效的整合和显着性检测感官信息可能 有助于认知和情绪超负荷和不确定性，并增加压力反应性。应力升高 （例如，皮质醇）与ASD中的感觉功能障碍相关，可能会进一步复合核心症状学和 有助于后来发展内部症状（例如焦虑）在ASD中经常同时发生的。感官 尽管潜在的神经 和行为机制尚不清楚。因此，该研究项目将调查关系 在多感官整合，显着性处理和压力反应性之间，并确定异常情况如何 这些领域与ASD中的内在症状有关。这些关系将在ASD中进行检查 儿童（n = 115），通常在7至10岁之间发展同龄人（n = 115），当 多感觉整合开始稳定和发展内在症状的风险增加。我们的理论化 低水平感觉处理的缺陷破坏了高级多感觉集成和显着性 检测与内在症状有关；我们进一步假设这些链接由 ASD中的应力反应性。拟议的研究旨在：（1）在上下文中表征多感官集成 ASD儿童的感官信息的显着性检测； （2）地图活动和功能连接 多感觉整合和显着性处理的神经回路； （3）检查关联 在报告的感觉响应性的主观度量之间，多感官的定量度量 整合和显着性检测以及压力反应性； （4）与神经和行为措施有关 多感觉整合和显着性处理以及应力反应性指标，以共同出现 ASD儿童报告的内在症状。该项目将实现多模式的方法， 包括收集定量心理物理歧视反应阈值（视觉，听觉， 体感和多感官刺激），应激反应性的生物学指标（即唾液皮质醇）， 磁共振成像（MRI）数据（即任务和静止状态功能连接MRI，解剖学 MRI），主观护理人员报告问卷以及认知和心理诊断评估。发现 将阐明基于多感官整合的神经be虫机制之间的联系 压力的加工和表现以及自闭症儿童的内在条件。