New Insights into the Federal Calorie Labeling Law

对联邦卡路里标签法的新见解

• 批准号: 10372096
• 负责人: Jason Perry Block
• 金额: $ 32.96万
• 依托单位: HARVARD PILGRIM HEALTH CARE, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-06-20 至 2023-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10372096
• 关键词: Affect; Affordable Care Act; Applications Grants; Beverages; Calories; Characteristics; Consumption; Data; Eating; Evaluation; Food; Food Chain; Food Industry; Food Policy; Foundations; Funding; Future; Health; Health Food; Health Professional; Home; Industry; Internet; Knowledge; Label; Laws; Lead; Louisiana; Measures; Mississippi; Modeling; New England; Nutrition Policy; Obesity; Outcome; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Perception; Policies; Public Health; Records; Regulation; Research; Restaurants; Silver; Site; Social Change; Source; Supermarket; Testing; Texas; Time; Transact; Twitter; Unhealthy Diet; United States; United States Food and Drug Administration; Work; adult obesity; cost effective; cost effectiveness; experimental study; fast food; insight; large datasets; novel; nutrition; obesity in children; obesity prevention; response; social media; social norm

Project Summary/Abstract Consumption of “away-from-home” or prepared foods is rising and contributes to poor diet, obesity and related health problems. Prepared foods include “ready-to-eat” food purchased outside the home at restaurants and other retail food stores. While most prepared foods are sold in restaurants, increasingly, supermarkets and other similar food retailers are offering these products. By April/May 2017, most chain food retailers in the United States began posting calories on restaurant menus and on prepared foods. These retailers did so in anticipation of coming federal regulations that will require calorie labeling. The regulations were initially set for implementation in May 2017 but were delayed until May 2018; by this date, all chain food retailers with 20 or more sites across the US will be required to label. This grant proposal will be the most comprehensive and objective examination of calorie labeling to date, covering different settings (fast-food restaurants, supermarkets) and potential effects of labeling (customer purchases, reformulation of food items, health outcomes, altered social norms). Conducted in partnership with a large fast-food chain franchisee in the South and a large supermarket chain in the Northeastern United States, we will examine transaction records from 93 fast-food restaurants and 194 supermarkets to determine whether calories purchased from prepared foods change after labeling. The research team also will track the nutrition characteristics of items sold at the largest US restaurant chains and at a supermarket chain to determine whether the food industry introduces new lower-calorie products after labeling or reformulates existing products to be lower calorie. We will incorporate all of these results on changes after labeling into a model that will predict whether obesity rates also change after labeling. Further, by examining mentions, searches and sentiment regarding calories, labeling, and food establishments on the internet and social media platforms, this study will have an unprecedented opportunity to determine whether calorie labeling has a broader societal effect, beyond purchasing and health outcomes. To date, all calorie labeling research has been conducted in restaurants, cafeterias, or lab settings. This study will be the one of the few to examine comprehensive transaction records from food retailers, the first to evaluate the effect of calorie labeling on supermarket prepared foods, and the first to examine the impact of a federal nutrition policy on internet and social media discussions regarding calories and labeling. Funding this research will lay the foundation for a number of exciting future research opportunities. This project will lead to the creation of a large dataset of transactions over time from restaurants and supermarkets and data from internet and social media platforms that could be used for evaluation of future policies, such as the US Food and Drug Administration’s forthcoming changes to the Nutrition Facts label. The partnership with a large fast-food chain franchisee and a large supermarket chain also may lead to real-world experiments of strategies to augment calorie labeling. This project will provide important answers to policymakers, industry leaders, and public health professionals about whether and how calorie labeling works.

项目摘要/摘要 食用“从家里”或准备食品的食用正在上升，并导致饮食不良，肥胖和 相关的健康问题。准备好的食物包括在家外购买的“即食”食物 餐馆和其他零售食品商店。虽然大多数准备的食物越来越多地在餐馆出售 超市和其他类似的食品零售商正在提供这些产品。到2017年4月/5月，大多数连锁食品 美国的零售商开始在餐厅菜单和准备食品上发布卡路里。这些 零售商预期即将到来的联邦法规需要卡路里标签。法规 最初定于2017年5月实施，但被推迟到2018年5月；到这个日期，所有连锁食品 在美国各地拥有20个或更多地点的零售商都需要标记。该赠款提案将是最大的 迄今为止对卡路里标签的全面和客观检查，涵盖不同的设置（快餐 餐馆，超市）和标签的潜在影响（客户购买，食品重新印刷， 健康结果，改变社会规范）。与大型快餐连锁店的合作伙伴关系 我们将在美国东北部的南部和大型超市连锁店，我们将检查交易 来自93家快餐店和194家超市的记录，以确定卡路里是否从中购买 标签后准备的食物变化。研究团队还将跟踪物品的营养特征 在美国最大的餐厅连锁店和超市连锁店出售，以确定食品行业是否是 在标签或重新改革现有产品的标签后引入了新的低热量产品。我们 将所有这些结果纳入标签后的更改中，将所有这些结果纳入一个模型，该模型将预测肥胖症是否存在 标签后的费率也会改变。此外，通过检查有关卡路里的提及，搜索和情感， 标签以及互联网和社交媒体平台上的食品机构，该研究将有一个 空前的机会来确定卡路里标签是否具有更广泛的社会影响 采购和健康成果。迄今为止，所有卡路里标签研究都已在餐馆进行 自助餐厅或实验室设置。这项研究将是少数检查全面交易记录的人之一 从食品零售商中，第一个评估卡路里标签对超市准备食品的影响的人，以及 首先要研究联邦营养政策对互联网和社交媒体讨论的影响 卡路里和标签。资助这项研究将为许多令人兴奋的未来研究奠定基础 机会。该项目将导致随着时间的推移创建大型交易数据集 可以用于互联网和社交媒体平台的餐馆和超市以及可以用于的数据 评估未来政策，例如美国食品药品监督管理局即将进行的更改 营养事实标签。与大型快餐连锁店和大型超市连锁店的合作伙伴关系 还可能导致现实的实验，以增强卡路里标签。这个项目将提供 对政策制定者，行业领导者和公共卫生专业人员的重要答案 卡路里标签作品。