The Impact of Product Packaging on Appeal, Knowledge and Risk Perceptions of Cannabis Edibles

产品包装对大麻食品吸引力、知识和风险认知的影响

• 批准号: 10363269
• 负责人: BETH A. REBOUSSIN
• 金额: $ 56.48万
• 依托单位: WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-04-15 至 2027-02-28
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10363269
• 关键词: Acute; Address; Adult; American; Area; Attention; Automobile Driving; Back; Cannabis; Cardiovascular system; Colorado; Comprehension; Consumption; Coupled; Data; Descriptor; Diet Habits; Dose; Effectiveness; Elements; Empirical Research; Experimental Designs; Food; Growth; Guidelines; Harm Reduction; Health; Hospitalization; Hour; Image; Imagery; Industry; Inhalation; Intoxication; Knowledge; Lead; Legal; Libraries; Marijuana Smoking; Marketing; Metabolism; Myocardial Infarction; National Institute of Drug Abuse; Outcome; Perception; Persons; Product Packaging; Psychoses; Public Health; Regulation; Research; Research Priority; Risk; Sales; Sampling; Smell Perception; Smoke; Symptoms; Testing; Tetrahydrocannabinol; Text; Time; Toxic effect; United States; Variant; Ventricular; Visual; Visual attention; Weight; adverse outcome; cardiovascular effects; cognitive interview; design; experimental study; marijuana legalization; marijuana use; public health research; risk perception; sex; willingness

Project Summary The rate of cannabis legalization in the U.S. has increased rapidly in recent years. This has led to the proliferation of non-combustible cannabis products, like edibles (cannabis-infused food products), that do not involve inhaling toxic smoke, can be used with discretion, and have no smell. While popular in recreational states, these products pose unique public health challenges. Although edibles are packaged as appealing food products and are perceived to be less harmful than other cannabis products, there is an increased risk for the overconsumption of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the psychoactive component in cannabis. While smoking cannabis results in an immediate high, intoxication from consuming edibles can be delayed up to two hours or more and last up to 12 hours. This can lead to consuming more than the recommended serving, which can result in unexpected, stronger, and longer-lasting highs as well as severe intoxication, cardiovascular effects, and psychotic episodes. Since cannabis is regulated on a state-by-state basis, there is substantial variation in the regulation of product packaging and warnings that inform consumers. Furthermore, little research has been conducted on edibles, resulting in significant gaps in understanding how packaging and warnings impact product appeal, knowledge, harm perceptions and willingness to try edibles. This R01 will address these gaps by testing the impact of cannabis edibles product packaging and warnings using controlled, experimental designs. First, we will content analyze text and visual packaging elements of a sample of products marketed online. We will conduct two experiments to evaluate the impact of these elements on product appeal and harm perceptions (Aim 1). Next, we will convene an expert panel that will evaluate existing edibles warnings and develop an expanded warning to convey additional information about dosing and acute consequences. This warning will be paired with an icon to increase attention. Warnings will be tested in an experiment to evaluate their impact on communicating knowledge (Aim 2). Finally, in a combined experiment, we will test the impact of the edible warning developed in Aim 2 in the context of package marketing (identified in Aim 1) on appeal, knowledge, harm perceptions and willingness to try edibles in a nationally representative sample (Aim 3). Given the rapid pace of legalization, coupled with the responsibility of informing consumers about safe consumption and the risks of use, the scientific evidence generated from this study will be timely and is urgently needed by state policymakers as they develop informed regulations, including best practices for communicating knowledge to minimize harms. This application is directly responsive to NIDA’s research priority areas outlined in NOT-DA-19-065 (Public Health Research on Cannabis), including the impact of cannabis industry practices like marketing and warnings on cannabis use and outcomes.

项目概要 近年来，美国大麻合法化率迅速上升。 不可燃大麻产品的扩散，例如食品（注入大麻的食品）， 涉及吸入有毒烟雾，可以谨慎使用，并且没有气味，同时在娱乐中很受欢迎。 指出，尽管食用食品被包装成有吸引力的食品，但这些产品仍对公共卫生构成独特的挑战。 产品且被认为比其他大麻产品危害较小，因此风险增加 吸烟时过量摄入四氢大麻酚 (THC)，这是大麻中的精神活性成分。 大麻会立即导致高度中毒，食用食物后的中毒可能会延迟长达两个小时或 更多且可持续长达 12 小时 这可能会导致摄入量超过建议的份量。 导致意想不到的、更强烈、更持久的高潮以及严重中毒、心血管影响、 由于大麻是按州进行监管的，因此存在很大差异。 此外，对产品包装和告知消费者的警告的监管也很少。 对食品进行，导致在理解包装和警告如何影响方面存在重大差距 产品吸引力、知识、危害认知和尝试食品的意愿将弥补这些差距。 通过使用受控的、实验性的方法测试大麻食用产品包装和警告的影响 首先，我们将对营销产品样本的文本和视觉包装元素进行内容分析。 我们将进行两个实验来评估这些元素对产品吸引力和危害的影响。 接下来，我们将召集一个专家小组来评估现有的食用警告和 制定扩展警告以传达有关剂量和严重后果的更多信息。 警告将与图标配对以提高注意力 警告将在实验中进行测试以进行评估。 它们对知识交流的影响（目标 2）。最后，我们将在组合实验中测试其影响。 在上诉中包装营销（目标 1 中确定）的目标 2 中制定的食用警告， 知识、危害认知和在全国代表性样本中尝试食品的意愿（目标 3）。 鉴于合法化的快速步伐，加上向消费者告知安全信息的责任 消费和使用风险，本研究产生的科学证据将是及时的并且是 国家政策制定者在制定法规时迫切需要这些信息，包括最佳实践 交流知识以尽量减少伤害 该应用程序直接响应 NIDA 的研究。 NOT-DA-19-065（大麻公共卫生研究）中概述的优先领域，包括 大麻行业的做法，例如关于大麻使用和结果的营销和警告。