Light-Based Approaches to Effective and Sustainable Removal of Arsenic and Uranium from Drinking Water Sources

有效且可持续地去除饮用水源中砷和铀的光方法

• 批准号: 10354273
• 负责人: Benjamin C Bostick
• 金额: $ 23.75万
• 依托单位: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-21 至 2027-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10354273
• 关键词: Address; Adoption; Adsorption; Affect; American; Animal Model; Area; Arsenic; Bacteria; Carbon; Cardiometabolic Disease; Catalysis; Chemicals; Communities; Consumption; Detection; Development; Disease; Ensure; Excision; Exposure to; Filtration; Generations; Goals; Health; Human; Industry; Intervention; Iron; Lead; Light; Longevity; Maintenance; Manganese; Measures; Metals; Methodology; Methods; Minerals; Mission; Missouri; Monitor; Native Americans; Natural graphite; Natural regeneration; Nitrates; North Dakota; Outcome; Oxides; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Performance; Persons; Phase; Population; Populations at Risk; Privatization; Process; Production; Public Health; Recycling; Research; Rural Community; Sioux Indians; Site; Source; South Dakota; Specificity; Superfund; System; Technology; Testing; Time; Treatment Efficacy; Universities; Uranium; Variant; Water; Water Pollutants; Water Supply; aqueous; base; catalyst; community engagement; contaminated drinking water; contaminated water; cost; drinking water; geochemistry; ground water; improved; iron oxide; microbial; microbial community; microorganism; northern plains; novel; oxidation; pilot test; prevent; programs; remediation; rural area; stem; superfund site; treatment site; tribal lands; water quality; water sampling; water testing; water treatment; well water

Project 5 Summary The Columbia University Northern Plains Superfund Research Program (CUNP-SRP) seeks to reduce exposure to arsenic (As) and uranium (U), frequently found in excess of safe limits on tribal lands in North and South Dakota and elsewhere. In these areas, drinking water is primarily derived from groundwater. This reliance often results in people using untreated or insufficiently treated water from private wells that is unfit for consumption. Community water systems (CWSs) also use groundwater and often fail to limit As and U contamination to safe levels despite treatment. Inadequate removal of As and U by conventional water treatment stems from the limited adsorption of their most abundant forms in groundwater, As(III) and U(VI), and due to the limited sorption capacity of media. Importantly, these As and U exposures are associated with cardiometabolic disease, which exerts a disproportionately high burden in Native American populations. The overall goal of Project 5 is to decrease exposure using novel point-of-use filtration and point-of-entry treatment systems that use light to create media and enhance As and U sorption by simultaneously oxidizing As and reducing U. Our technology is based on an efficient, photosynthetic microbial battery that generates reactive treatment media by cycling iron (Fe), which is ideal to remove chemical contamination from groundwater. This approach takes advantage of the aqueous composition of input water and microbial communities, which often contain reduced forms of Fe(II) and manganese (Mn(II)) and/or nitrate, in addition to metal(loid) contaminants. Specific aims will address the underlying processes to optimize this novel water treatment technology and the necessary monitoring needed to ensure system performance. In Aim 1, media will be generated by harnessing natural microbial populations from groundwater that are powered by light and the chemical energy stored within water to create Fe oxide media. In Aim 2, enhanced treatment will be obtained through heterogeneous photocatalysis that selectively and simultaneously can reduce and oxidize groundwater contaminants to less soluble forms. In Aim 3, we will develop and integrate a real-time, water quality monitor in the treatment system to ensure that the system performs to specifications and to be able to alert the user and/or water treatment company before the system fails. Each aim targets development of a commercially viable product. This project remediates As and U in groundwater, common contaminants at Superfund sites and some of the most widespread contaminants in the US, especially in rural communities. These remediation approaches will be tested and implemented in the Northern Plains in areas with As and/or U affected drinking water. Implementation will allow us to pilot the use of this novel treatment method under a wide range of water compositions and with typical use patterns. Ultimately, the novel water remediation technologies developed in this project are expected to provide a feasible and effective means to reduce potentially harmful exposures to drinking water contamination in our target communities and other at-risk populations, including communities near Superfund and other hazardous sites.

项目5摘要 哥伦比亚大学北部平原超级基金研究计划（CUNP-SRP）旨在减少接触 到砷（AS）和铀（U），在北部和南部的部落土地上经常被发现 达科他州和其他地方。在这些地区，饮用水主要来自地下水。这种依赖经常 导致人们使用不适合食用的私人井中未经处理或未经处理的水。 社区供水系统（CWSS）也使用地下水，并且通常无法限制AS和U污染 尽管有治疗水平。传统水处理不充分去除AS和U的原因是有限 在地下水中吸附其最丰富的形式，AS（iii）和U（VI），并且由于吸附能力有限 媒体。重要的是，这些AS和U暴露与心脏代谢疾病有关，该疾病发挥了A 美国原住民人口的负担不成比例。项目5的总体目标是减少 使用新颖的使用点过滤和进入点的治疗系统的接触 并通过同时氧化和减少U的A和U AS和U吸附。我们的技术是基于 高效的光合微生物电池，通过循环铁（Fe）产生反应性治疗介质， 理想的是从地下水中去除化学污染。这种方法利用水性 输入水和微生物群落的组成，通常包含Fe（II）形式的减少形式和 锰（MN（II））和/或硝酸盐，除了金属（LIE）污染物外。具体目标将解决 优化这种新型水处理技术和所需的必要监控的基础过程 确保系统性能。在AIM 1中，将通过利用自然微生物种群来产生媒体 从由光提供动力的地下水，并在水中存储的化学能来产生Fe氧化物 媒体。在AIM 2中，将通过有选择的和 同时可以将地下水污染物降低并氧化为溶解度较低的形式。在AIM 3中，我们将发展 并在处理系统中将实时的水质监视器整合在一起，以确保系统执行 规格并能够在系统失败之前提醒用户和/或水处理公司。每个目标 针对商业上可行的产品的开发。该项目在地下水中进行补救， 超级基金网站上的常见污染物和美国最广泛的污染物，尤其是 在农村社区。这些补救方法将在北部平原进行测试和实施 AS和/或U影响饮用水的区域。实施将使我们能够试用这种新颖的治疗方法 在广泛的水成分和典型使用模式下的方法。最终，新颖的水 预计该项目中开发的补救技术将提供可行有效的手段 减少我们目标社区和其他高危的潜在有害暴露于饮用水污染 人口，包括超级基金和其他危险地点附近的社区。