Communicating the Health Risks of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages

传达含糖饮料的健康风险

• 批准号: 9980391
• 负责人: Christina Ann Roberto
• 金额: $ 39.77万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-09-05 至 2022-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9980391
• 关键词: 12 year old; Adolescent; Adult; Advertisements; American diet; Baltimore; Behavior; Belief; Beverages; California; Calories; Characteristics; Child; Cities; Coffee; Consumption; Data; Dental caries; Diabetes Mellitus; Eating Behavior; Economics; Education; Effectiveness; Excision; Exposure to; Health; High Prevalence; Hispanics; Intake; Knowledge; Label; Measures; New York; Nutrition Labeling; Obesity; Overweight; Parents; Participant; Play; Policies; Public Health; Randomized; Research; Restaurants; Risk; Role; Sampling; San Francisco; Ships; Source; Television; Testing; Text; Time; Tobacco; Weight; Work; adult obesity; base; behavior change; behavior influence; behavioral study; design; drinking; driving behavior; ethnic diversity; evidence base; experimental study; fast food; obesity in children; psychologic; quitline; racial diversity; recruit; smoking prevalence; sugar; sweetened beverage; virtual

PROJECT SUMMARY Obesity is one of the nation’s most pressing public health concerns and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) are a significant contributor to adult and childhood obesity. To try to reduce SSB intake, bills have been introduced in U.S. states and cities to place health warning labels on SSB containers and/or advertisements. However, there is little empirical data on how such labels influence consumers. Research on tobacco and nutrition labels suggests labels can positively impact behavior, but the label design matters. The primary objective of this proposal is to determine, before wide-scale implementation, to what degree SSB warning labels increase consumers’ knowledge about the potential health harms of SSBs and reduce SSB intake. The studies are designed to answer three additional questions: 1) Do some warning labels work better than others? 2) What is the effect of warning labels over time? 3) If warning labels influence behavior, is it because they increase knowledge or simply provide a salient reminder that some drinks are less healthy? Our first study aim is to compare the effects of SSB warning labels on parents’ SSB-related beliefs and purchase intentions. We will recruit a nationally representative sample of 1,000 racially and ethnically diverse parents of a child under 12 years old to participate in a randomized, controlled online experiment during which parents will shop in a virtual convenience store. Parents will be randomized to 1 of 4 different approaches to labeling: 1) calorie labels (control); 2) text warning labels (e.g. warning: drinking beverages with added sugars contributes to obesity, diabetes, and tooth decay); 3) graphic warning labels displaying amounts of sugar in beverages; or 4) graphic warning labels displaying negative health consequences associated with overconsumption of SSBs. The second aim is to test the effect of warning labels on total kilocalories purchased and consumed by parents and children. We will recruit 405 racially and ethnically diverse parent-child pairs to participate in a randomized, controlled lab-based eating behavior study that will capture beverage and snack purchases from a snack shop and measure how much participants consume while watching a television show. Participants will be randomized to 1 of 3 conditions: 1) calorie labels (control); 2) text warning labels; or 3) graphic warning labels displaying either amounts of sugar or negative health consequences based on the most effective labeling strategy in study one. The third aim is to test the effect of repeated exposure to warning labels on total kilocalories purchased over time and assess whether knowledge or salience better explain label effects. In this study, we will recruit 450 racially and ethnically diverse parents to participate in a randomized, controlled experiment that involves buying snacks and beverages for six weeks via an online store that ships participants their purchases. Participants will be randomized to one of the same three label conditions described for the second study. Labels will be removed during the last two weeks to determine whether education or salience plays a greater role in driving behavior change.

项目概要 肥胖是美国最紧迫的公共卫生问题和含糖饮料 (SSB) 是导致成人和儿童肥胖的一个重要因素。 美国各州和城市推出了在 SSB 容器和/或广告上贴上健康警告标签的措施。 然而，关于此类标签如何影响消费者的实证数据却很少。 营养标签表明标签可以对行为产生积极影响，但标签设计很重要。 该提案的目标是在大规模实施之前确定 SSB 警告标签的程度 增加消费者对 SSB 潜在健康危害的了解并减少 SSB 摄入量。 旨在回答另外三个问题：1) 某些警告标签是否比其他标签更有效？2) 什么？ 3) 如果警告标签影响行为，是否是因为它们增加了？ 知识或只是提供一些饮料不太健康的显着提醒？ 我们的第一个研究目的是比较 SSB 警告标签对父母 SSB 相关信念的影响以及 我们将招募 1,000 个具有全国代表性的不同种族和民族样本。 12 岁以下儿童的父母参加一项随机、受控的在线实验，在此期间 家长将在虚拟便利店购物 家长将被随机选择 4 种不同方式中的一种。 标签：1）卡路里标签（对照）；2）文字警告标签（例如警告：饮用添加糖的饮料） 3) 显示糖含量的图形警告标签 饮料；或 4) 显示与此相关的负面健康后果的图形警告标签 第二个目的是测试警告标签对购买总热量的影响。 我们将招募 405 名不同种族和民族的亲子对来参与。 参加一项随机、受控的实验室饮食行为研究，该研究将收集饮料和零食 从小吃店购买商品，并测量参与者在观看电视节目时消耗了多少。 参与者将被随机分配到以下 3 种情况之一：1) 卡路里标签（对照）；2) 文字警告标签；或 3) 图形警告标签； 警告标签显示糖含量或基于最有效的对健康造成的负面影响 研究一中的标签策略是测试反复接触警告标签对总数的影响。 随着时间的推移购买的千卡热量，并评估知识或显着性是否可以更好地解释标签效应。 研究中，我们将招募 450 名不同种族和民族的家长参加一项随机、对照的研究 实验涉及通过运送的在线商店购买零食和饮料六周 参与者将被随机分配到所描述的相同三个标签条件之一。 第二项研究将在过去两周内删除标签，以确定是否具有教育意义或显着性。 在推动行为改变方面发挥更大作用。