The Effects of Unintended Pregnancy on Children

意外怀孕对儿童的影响

• 批准号: 9973493
• 负责人: Martha Jane Bailey
• 金额: $ 68.48万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-30 至 2025-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9973493
• 关键词: Adult; Age; Behavior; Birth; Birth Certificates; Birth Records; Career Mobility; Censuses; Child; Child Health; Child Rearing; Childhood; Clinic; Consent; Contraceptive Agents; Contraceptive methods; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Criminal Justice; Data; Dimensions; Disadvantaged; Education; Elderly; Employment; Enrollment; Etiology; Evaluation; Evaluation Studies; Facebook; Family; Family Planning; Family Planning Policy; Family Planning Programs; Funding; Health; Health Insurance; Health Policy; Health system; Healthcare; Heterogeneity; Income; Intervention; Life; Link; Long-Term Effects; Medicaid; Michigan; Mothers; Outcome; Parents; Participant; Personal Satisfaction; Planned Parenthood Federation of America; Policies; Poverty; Principal Investigator; Privatization; Public Health; Public Policy; Race; Randomized; Recontacts; Records; Reporting; Research; Resources; Role; Running; Sample Size; Sampling; Schools; Siblings; Social Sciences; Subgroup; Surveys; Taxes; Time; Twitter; United States; United States Public Health Service; Woman; college; control trial; cost; data infrastructure; experimental study; foster care; health knowledge; improved; innovation; intergenerational; novel; post intervention; recruit; reproductive health intervention; research study; social media; treatment effect; unintended pregnancy; voucher

ABSTRACT In the United States, nearly half of pregnancies are unintended, and unintended pregnancies occur five times more often among poor women compared to affluent women. The proposed project investigates how providing access to free contraceptives impacts unintended pregnancy and, ultimately, the lives of children—both children whose births are unintended and their older siblings who may lose resources (both material resources and time) as a result of a mother’s unintended pregnancy. The proposed project significantly expands the scope of Michigan Contraceptive Access, Research, and Evaluation Study (M-CARES), a large-scale, randomized control trial that provides no-cost access to any type of contraception and tracks women longitudinally in surveys and rich, administrative data. The proposed project aims to: (1). Double the M-CARES recruitment period and increase the sample of children born before the intervention that are in the study by 1,000; (2). Develop and field two survey supplements (year 2 and year 4 post enrollment) of M-CARES participants to ask about (a) intendedness of each birth (pre- and post-intervention), (b) time and money spent on each child, (c) parenting practices, and (d) children’s health, schooling, extra- curricular activities, behavior and well-being; (3). Compile comprehensive longitudinal data using surveys (aim 2) and administrative records to document the outcomes of the children of M-CARES participants in (a) the short-term (5-year study period) and (b) long-term (until children reach age 18); and (4). Evaluate the causal effects of mothers’ access to free contraception on children’s outcomes in survey data (aims 2a-d) and administrative records (3a), including heterogeneity analyses by income, race, and education. Achieving these aims will contribute to social science and public health policy by providing novel experimental evidence on the understudied, intergenerational effects of making contraception free to women within the existing U.S. public health system. This study will, therefore, contribute to a larger cost-benefit analysis of a feasible and easy to implement reproductive health intervention—an intervention that potentially helps break the cycle of poverty and improve children’s life-time opportunities.

抽象的 在美国，近一半的怀孕是意外怀孕，意外怀孕发生过五次 与富裕女性相比，贫困女性更常见。拟议的项目调查了如何提供这种服务。 获得免费避孕药具会影响意外怀孕，并最终影响儿童（包括儿童）的生活 意外出生的人以及可能失去资源（物质资源和时间）的年长兄弟姐妹 由于母亲意外怀孕。 拟议的项目显着扩大了密歇根州避孕药具获取、研究和实施的范围 评估研究 (M-CARES)，一项大规模、随机对照试验，可免费提供任何类型的研究 避孕措施并通过调查和丰富的行政数据纵向跟踪妇女。 旨在： (1).将M-CARES招募周期加倍，并增加之前出生儿童的样本 研究中的干预措施有 1,000 人； (2). 制定并实施 M-CARES 的两项调查补充材料（入学后第 2 年和第 4 年） 参与者询问（a）每次分娩的意图（干预前和干预后），（b）时间和 花在每个孩子身上的钱，(c) 养育方式，以及 (d) 儿童的健康、学校教育、额外费用 课程活动、行为和福祉； (3) 使用（目标 2）和行政记录编制综合纵向数据调查 记录 M-CARES 参与者的孩子在 (a) 短期（5 年研究）中的结果 (b) 长期（直到儿童年满 18 岁）；以及 (4). 评估调查数据中母亲获得免费避孕措施对儿童结局的因果影响 （目标 2a-d）和行政记录（3a），包括按收入、种族和 教育。 实现这些目标将通过提供新颖的实验为社会科学和公共卫生政策做出贡献 关于在现有的范围内向妇女免费提供避孕措施的代际影响尚未得到充分研究的证据 因此，这项研究将有助于对美国公共卫生系统进行更广泛的成本效益分析。 易于实施生殖健康干预——这种干预可能有助于打破循环 贫困并改善儿童一生的机会。