Defining Mechanisms of Ovarian Rescue
卵巢拯救的定义机制
基本信息
- 批准号:9922135
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 32.71万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:
- 财政年份:2017
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2017-07-06 至 2022-04-30
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:AcuteAddressAdultAftercareApoptosisBiologyBirthBlood VesselsCell DeathCellsClinicalContralateralDNA DamageEndothelial CellsEndotheliumEpithelialEpitheliumEquilibriumFamilyFeedbackFemaleFertilityGoalsGraft EnhancementsGrowing FollicleGrowthHistologyHomeostasisHumanImmuneInfertilityInjuryKnowledgeLGR5 geneLeadLongevityMenopauseMethodsModelingMusNeonatalNeuronsOrganOutcomeOvarianOvarian FollicleOvaryOvulationPatientsPharmaceutical PreparationsPlayPopulationPremature Ovarian FailurePrimordial FollicleQuality of lifeRecoveryReporterRepressionRoleSideSignal TransductionSourceSurfaceSystemTestingTissuesWomanWomen&aposs Healthbody systemburnoutchemotherapydesignearly onsetexhaustionexperimental studyfetalgenetic approachgranulosa cellimprovedmacrophagemouse modelmullerian-inhibiting hormoneneurotransmissionnovelnovel therapeuticsoutcome forecastparacrinepreservationprogenitorpupregenerativerepairedstem cellstherapy designyoung woman
项目摘要
Many organs are capable of extensive repair after damage, by known mechanisms that can be exploited clinically.
By contrast, in spite of the central importance of the ovary for human fertility and women’s health, many
important aspects of its basic biology, including its capacity for repair, are poorly understood. For example, ovarian
longevity is dependent on the supply of follicles, but how the balance between quiescent versus developing
follicles is regulated has not yet been determined. Likewise, it was recently discovered that adult and fetal
granulosa cells arise at independent stages from LGR5+ progenitors in the neonatal ovarian surface epithelium
(OSE) -‐ but whether these LGR5+ cells can renew adult follicles is not known. Finally, in many organs, vascular,
neuronal, and immune cells play critical roles in repair, but their functions in the ovary have not been fully
investigated. We recently developed a novel murine model of chemotherapy (CTx)-‐induced infertility and
premature ovarian failure (POF). Surprisingly, when we grafted a fragment of a normal ovary to one ovary of a CTx-‐
treated female, grafted females produced multiple litters over the next 5 months, containing normal pups derived
from both the host and the donor. Histology revealed that only the grafted ovary was rescued, while the
contralateral side degenerated and all follicles were lost. These experiments show that the ovary can be rescued
after CTx through signals from a normal ovary. The primary goals of this project are to characterize the
mechanisms underlying the loss of all follicles after CTx, and to determine how a small graft from a healthy
ovary rescues the host organ system. Our experiments are designed to test three alternative, or
complementary, mechanisms of rescue. First, preliminary results suggest that it is the rapidly dividing granulosa
cells in growing follicles, and not oocytes, that are the primary target of DNA-‐damaging chemotherapeutic drugs.
In Aim 1 we will test whether the loss of granulosa cells in growing follicles leads to de-‐repression of quiescent
granulosa cells in primordial follicles, resulting in exhaustion of the reserve pool or “follicle burn out”, and whether
signals from the graft block this depletion. In Aim 2, we will test whether LGR5+ cells in the OSE respond to
damage and give rise to new granulosa cells after grafting. CTx may interfere with this regenerative activity while
signals from the graft may promote it. In Aim 3, we will test whether the graft enhances signals from neural,
vascular, or immune cells that can promote repair after injury. Results may lead to new therapies and change the
prognosis for women undergoing POF from different causes.
许多器官能够通过可通过临床探索的已知机制进行大量修复。
相比之下,尽管卵巢对人类生育和妇女健康的重要性,但许多
其基本生物学(包括维修能力)的重要方面知之甚少。例如,卵巢
寿命取决于供应的供应,但静态与发展之间的平衡是如何
尚未确定卵泡的调节。同样,最近发现成人和胎儿
颗粒细胞是在新生儿卵巢表面上皮的LGR5+祖细胞的独立阶段出现的
(OSE) - - 但这些LGR5+细胞是否可以更新成年收缩。最后,在许多器官中,血管,
神经元和免疫细胞在修复中起关键作用,但它们在卵巢中的功能尚未完全
调查。我们最近开发了一种新型的化学疗法鼠模型(CTX) - 诱导的不育症和
早产卵巢衰竭(POF)。令人惊讶的是,当我们将正常卵巢的碎片移植到一个CTX的一个卵巢时
经过治疗的雌性,嫁接的雌性在接下来的5个月内产生了多个垃圾,其中包含普通幼崽
来自主持人和捐助者。组织学表明,只有嫁接的卵巢才得救,而
对侧侧退化,所有叶子都丢失了。这些实验表明可以救出卵巢
CTX通过正常卵巢信号后。该项目的主要目标是表征
CTX之后所有四个四个损失的基础机制,并确定健康的小移植物如何
卵巢反应宿主器官系统。我们的实验旨在测试三个替代方案,或
完成的救援机制。首先,初步结果表明它是快速分裂的颗粒
成长中的细胞,而不是卵母细胞,是DNA受损化学治疗药物的主要靶标。
在AIM 1中,我们将测试卵泡中颗粒细胞的丢失是否导致静止的抑制作用
原始植物中的颗粒细胞,导致储备池精疲力尽或“卵泡燃烧”,以及是否是
来自移植物的信号阻止了这种耗竭。在AIM 2中,我们将测试OSE中的LGR5+细胞是否响应
嫁接后损坏并引起新的颗粒细胞。 CTX可能会干扰这种再生活动
来自移植物的信号可能会促进它。在AIM 3中,我们将测试移植物的增强是否信号来自神经的信号
可以在受伤后促进修复的血管或免疫细胞。结果可能会导致新的疗法并改变
妇女的预后来自不同原因。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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{{ truncateString('Blanche Capel', 18)}}的其他基金
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- 批准号:
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- 资助金额:
$ 32.71万 - 项目类别:
DND1 Mediates Epigenetic Reprogramming During Cell Cycle Arrest In Male Germ Cells
DND1 在雄性生殖细胞细胞周期停滞期间介导表观遗传重编程
- 批准号:
10490349 - 财政年份:2021
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$ 32.71万 - 项目类别:
DND1 Mediates Epigenetic Reprogramming During Cell Cycle Arrest In Male Germ Cells
DND1 在雄性生殖细胞细胞周期停滞期间介导表观遗传重编程
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Opposing Pathways in Mammalian Sex Determination
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- 批准号:
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- 资助金额:
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Regulation of Germ Cell Pluripotency Through The RNA-Binding Protein, DND1
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