An implantable wireless tactile feedback system

植入式无线触觉反馈系统

• 批准号: 9920792
• 负责人: TIMOTHY H LUCAS
• 金额: $ 62.43万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-05-01 至 2023-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9920792
• 关键词: Address; Adverse effects; Area; Back; Brain; Caliber; Chronic; Clinical; Collaborations; Communication; Coupled; Data; Development; Device or Instrument Development; Devices; Electric Capacitance; Electric Stimulation Therapy; Electrical Engineering; Electronics; Engineering; Feedback; Fingers; Forearm; Frequencies; Hand; Hand functions; Human; Human Characteristics; Human body; Humidity; Implant; Individual; Injury; Knowledge; Limb structure; Macaca; Magnetic Resonance; Magnetism; Medical Device; Monitor; Motor; Motor output; Movement; Muscle; Operative Surgical Procedures; Output; Paralysed; Pathway interactions; Performance; Physiological; Process; Regression Analysis; Reporting; Research Personnel; Resolution; Robotics; Rogaine; Sensory; Signal Transduction; Silicon Dioxide; Skin; Spinal cord injury; Statistical Models; Stimulus; Stress; Subcutaneous Tissue; Surface; Surgeon; System; Tactile; Technology; Testing; Time; Touch sensation; Vision; Wireless Technology; Work; Wrist; arm; base; biomaterial compatibility; brain machine interface; data exchange; design; dexterity; force sensor; functional electrical stimulation; functional independence; grasp; healing; implantable device; implanted sensor; in vivo; innovation; laboratory experience; neural stimulation; neuromuscular stimulation; new technology; nonhuman primate; novel; novel strategies; prototype; radio frequency; relating to nervous system; restoration; robotic device; seal; sensor; sensory feedback; signal processing; somatosensory; subcutaneous; success; treatment strategy

PROJECT SUMMARY Paralysis following spinal cord injury is a devastating condition for which there is no adequate treatment. The injury disrupts motor and sensory communication between the brain and body. Re-establishing communication with a brain-machine interface (BMI) remains one of the most promising treatment strategies. A BMI establishes connections between (1) recorded brain signals and a device, e.g. a robotic hand, to provide motor output and (2) external sensors, e.g. of grasp force, and brain stimulation to provide sensory feedback. Recently, two independent studies have demonstrated that it is possible to reanimate an individual's own paralyzed hand, using brain-controlled muscle stimulation, instead of relying on a robotic device. This major advance provides a clear pathway toward naturalistic restoration of motor function after paralysis. However, the critical issue of how to provide a sense of touch for reanimated paralyzed hands has not been addressed. Ideally, tactile sensors for a reanimated human hand should be transparent to the user: implanted devices free from the constraints of gloves or wires. Previous tactile sensors for BMIs have been designed for robotic hands, where issues of size, power, and data transmission are less constrained. Thus, new technology is needed. In this project, we will develop an implantable, wireless tactile feedback system designed specifically for the human hand. First, we aim to develop a miniature, silica-based hermetic package with a built-in network of capacitors sensitive to normal and shear forces over a physiological range. Second, we aim to design an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) to be housed inside the implantable package to process the sensor capacitance changes and wirelessly transmit the data to a battery-powered base unit worn on the wrist. The base unit will also remotely power the ASIC through magnetic resonance at MHz frequencies, using the body as a communication channel. Third, we aim to test the complete, wireless sensor system in the non- human primate hand. The sensitive and stability of the implanted sensor output will be quantified and its function in the presence of simultaneous muscle stimulation assessed. This project leverages a strong collaboration between investigators with expertise in surgery, neuroengineering, microelectromechanical systems, low-power sensor electronics, and radiofrequency integrated circuits. The microfabricated sensor, hermetic packaging, wireless powering, and wireless read-out technology will provide important advances to the field of implantable medical devices. Ultimately, the sensor system could be combined with brain-controlled muscle stimulation to provide closed-loop hand reanimation in paralyzed subjects, with large expected gains in performance. The addition of tactile feedback to reanimation strategies would be a substantial step towards a clinical BMI allowing the thousands of newly paralyzed individuals each year to regain functional independence.

项目摘要 脊髓损伤后的瘫痪是一种毁灭性的疾病，没有足够的治疗。这 伤害破坏了大脑和身体之间的运动和感觉通信。重新建立沟通 使用脑机界面（BMI）仍然是最有前途的治疗策略之一。 BMI 建立（1）记录的大脑信号与设备之间的连接，例如机器人手，以提供电动机 输出和（2）外部传感器，例如掌握力和大脑刺激以提供感觉反馈。 最近，两项独立研究表明，有可能复活一个人自己的 使用脑控制的肌肉刺激，瘫痪的手，而不是依靠机器人装置。这个专业 前进为瘫痪后自然恢复运动功能提供了清晰的途径。然而， 尚未解决如何为复兴的瘫痪手提供触摸感的关键问题。 理想情况下，复兴人手的触觉传感器应对用户透明：免费植入设备 来自手套或电线的限制。 BMI的先前触觉传感器已为机器人设计 手，大小，功率和数据传输问题的地方受到较少的约束。因此，新技术是 需要。在这个项目中，我们将开发一个专门设计的可植入的无线触觉反馈系统 对于人类的手。首先，我们旨在通过内置网络开发一个微型的，基于二氧化硅的密封包 在生理范围内对正常和剪切力敏感的电容器。第二，我们的目标是设计 适用于植入式包装内的应用特定于应用的集成电路（ASIC）来处理 传感器电容会更改并无线将数据传输到戴在手腕上的电池供电的基本单元。 基本单元还将使用MHz频率以MHz频率向ASIC远程为ASIC供电 身体作为通信渠道。第三，我们旨在测试非 - 人类的灵长类手。植入传感器输出的敏感和稳定性将被量化，并 在评估同时肌肉刺激的情况下的功能。该项目利用强大 研究人员之间具有外科专业知识，神经工程，微电力力学专业知识的合作 系统，低功率传感器电子和射频集成电路。微型传感器， 密封包装，无线供电和无线读出技术将为重要的进步 可植入医疗设备的领域。最终，传感器系统可以与大脑控制 肌肉刺激可在瘫痪的受试者中提供闭环手动复活，预期收益很大 表现。将触觉反馈加入复活策略将是迈向 临床BMI允许每年成千上万的新瘫痪者恢复功能 独立。